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简介：摘要中枢神经系统肿瘤分类分子信息及实践方法联盟-非WHO官方组织（cIMPACT-NOW）就2016 WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类第4版修订版发布以来的神经系统肿瘤部分临床实践中的分类分级、争议问题与研究进展进行了深入的分析研究，发布了4次更新，包括（1）NEC、NOS术语的使用范围；（2）H3K27M突变型弥漫性中线胶质瘤的定义修订；（3）IDH野生型具有胶质母细胞瘤分子特征的弥漫性星形细胞胶质瘤，WHO Ⅳ级的分子遗传特征；（4）以MYB、MYBL1或FGFR1改变或BRAF V600E突变为特征的IDH野生型/H3野生型弥漫性胶质瘤。上述更新将成为未来第5版WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类改版建议，在该文中逐一进行分析解读。

简介：AbstractBackground:It is crucial to improve the quality of care provided to ICU patient, therefore a national survey of the medical quality of intensive care units (ICUs) was conducted to analyze adherence to quality metrics and outcomes among critically ill patients in China from 2015 to 2019.Methods:This was an ICU-level study based on a 15-indicator online survey conducted in China. Considering that ICU care quality may vary between secondary and tertiary hospitals, direct standardization was adopted to compare the rates of ICU quality indicators among provinces/regions. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential factors for in-hospital mortality and factors related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs), and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).Results:From the survey, the proportions of structural indicators were 1.83% for the number of ICU inpatients relative to the total number of inpatients, 1.44% for ICU bed occupancy relative to the total inpatient bed occupancy, and 51.08% for inpatients with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores ≥15. The proportions of procedural indicators were 74.37% and 76.60% for 3-hour and 6-hour surviving sepsis campaign bundle compliance, respectively, 62.93% for microbiology detection, 58.24% for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, 1.49% for unplanned endotracheal extubations, 1.99% for extubated inpatients reintubated within 48 hours, 6.38% for unplanned transfer to the ICU, and 1.20% for 48-hour ICU readmission. The proportions of outcome indicators were 1.28‰ for VAP, 3.06‰ for CRBSI, 3.65‰ for CAUTI, and 10.19% for in-hospital mortality. Although the indicators varied greatly across provinces and regions, the treatment level of ICUs in China has been stable and improved based on various quality control indicators in the past 5 years. The overall mortality rate has dropped from 10.19% to approximately 8%.Conclusions:The quality indicators of medical care in China’s ICUs are heterogeneous, which is reflected in geographic disparities and grades of hospitals. This study is of great significance for improving the homogeneity of ICUs in China.

简介：Thispaperdescribesdevelopmentsofhighqualitymagnesite-chromebricksusedforsecondarysteelmakingfurnaces,mainlyincludingdirect-bond-edmagnesite-chromebrick,fullysynthesized(co-clinker)magnesite-chromebrick,semi-rebondedmagnesite-chromebrickandfusedgrainrebondedmagnesite-chroebrick,Investigationshavealsobeenconductedontheeffectsofvariouschromitesonthepropertiesofthedirectbondedmagnesite-chromebrick,effectsofdifferentsesquioxides(CrO3,Al3O3,Fe2O3)onthepropertiesofthefullysynthe-sized(co-clinker)magnesite-hromebrickandef-fectsofZrO2,Cr-Fealloy,ultra-finepowdersonthepropertiesofthefusedgrainrebondedbrickandthesemi-rebondedmagnesite-chromebrick,Applica-tionsofthebricksinvarioussecondarysteelmakingfurnaceshavebeenbrieflyintroducedaswell.

简介：Overaperiodoftwoyears,fieldexperimentswereconductedontwosiltyloamsoilsgrownwithfoursolanaceousvegetablecropsofeggplant(var.serpentinumBailey),tomato(var.communeBailey),sweetpepper(var.grossumBailey)andchilli(var.lengumBailey),respectively.Eachexperimentincludedfourtreatmentswithfromlowtohighdoses,0～450kgha-1foreggplant,tomatoandsweetpepper,and0～270kgha-1forchilli,ofKfertilizersintheformofsulfateofpotash(SOP)appliedtogetherwithNandPfertilizers.OneCKtreatmentwithoutK,NandPfertilizersappliedandonetreatmentofKfertilizerintheformofmuriateofpotash(MOP)appliedatthehighlevel(450kgha-i)togetherwithNandPfertilizerswereincludedintheexperimentsofeggplant,inordertocomparetheeffectsofSOPandMOP.ThefruityieldsofthetestedcropsincreasedsignificantlywiththeincreasingrateofKapplication.ThecropssuppliedwithKfertilizersyieldedmorestablyastheCV%oftheiryieldsdecreasedwiththerateofKapplication.ThedrymatterandvitaminCcontentsinfruitsoftomato,sweetpepperandchilli,andthesugarcontentandthetitratableacidityleveloftomatofruitswereincreased,andtheS/Aratio(ratioofsugarcontenttotitratableacidity)oftomatofruitsweredecreasedbyKfertilization,indicatingthatKfertilizationcouldimprovethefruitqualityofthesolanaceousvegetablecrops.However,thehighrateofKfertilizermightlowerthedrymatterandvitaminCcontentsoftomatofruitsandsweetpepperfruits.SOPwasmoreeffectivethanMOPinincreasingtheyieldandqualityofeggplantfruitsatthehighfertilizationrate;therefore,thechoiceofapplyingSOPmaybebetterforhighlevelsofKfertilization.

简介：Becausetrustisregardedasanessentialsecuredrelationshipwithinadistributednetworkenvironment,selectingservicesovertheInternetfromtheviewpointoftrusthasbeenamajortrend.CurrentresearchabouttrustmodelandevaluationinthecontextofWebservicesdoesnotrationallyandaccuratelyreflectsomeessentialcharacteristicsoftrustsuchassubjectiveuncertaintyanddynamism.Inthispaper,weanalyzesomeimportantcharacteristicsoftrust,andsomekeyfactorsthataffectthetrustrelationintheWebserviceenvironment.Accordingly,weproposeatrustmodelbasedonCloudModeltheorytodescribethesubjectiveuncertaintyoftrustfactors.Atime-relatedbackwardcloudgenerationalgorithmisgiventoexpressthedynamismoftrust.Furthermore,accordingtothetrustmodelandalgorithm,aformalizedcalculationapproachisprovidedtoevaluatethetrustdegreeofservicesrequestorsinproviders.Ourexperimentshowsthattheevaluationoftrustdegreecaneffectivelysupporttrust-decisionsandprovideahelpfulexploitationforselectingservicesbasedontheviewpointoftrust.

简介：Currently,therearetwomainproblemsfacingChinesethinktanks:one,theydonotproperlyunderstandwhatdecision-makersneed;two,decision-makersdonotfindthesethinktanks’researchuseful.Thefirstproblemisrelativelyeasytosolve.Decision-makerscouldassigntaskstothinktanksaswellasthinktankscomingupwiththeirown

简介：Thisarticleelaboratestheviewpointthathowtostrengthenqualitymanagementofcasetogivefullplaytoitsvalue,thepointsthattheauthorurgedareinfollowingaspects,includingraisingqualityconsciousnessofcasewriting,upgradingthewritingqualityofcase,payingattentiontothevalueofcaseandensuringthequalityofcase.1.Trainingdoctor's“basicskill”.2.Trainingsystemofdoctor,a.Inthefirstmonthaftercheck-in,arrangetwolecturesaboutwritingofcasetounifytherequirementandinformthemhowtowriteit.b.Givethemthewritingstandardofanamnesis,whichtheycanrefertowhenwriting.3.Thesystemthatthedirectorsspot-checktheanamnesis.TheAmericanqaulityadministrativepower,world-famousDoctorMilanprophesiedthat“21centuryiscenturyofquality”,havingentered21century,factsalsofurtherprovedthefacticityofthisprophesy.Thenewerainwhichthequalityissupreme,qualitydirectlyinfluenceswhetherthecasecanfullyplayitsvalue.

简介：Thebettercompressionratecanbeachievedbythetraditionalvectorquantization(VQ)method,andthequalityoftherecoveredimagecanalsobeaccepted.Butthedecompressedimagequalitycannotbepromotedefficiently,sohowtobalancetheimagecompressionrateandimagerecoveringqualityisanimportantissue.Inthispaper,animageistransformedbydiscretewavelettransform(DWT)togenerateitsDWTtransformedimagewhichcanbecompressedbytheVQmethodfurther.Besides,wecomputethevaluesbetweentheDWTtransformedimageanddecompressedDWTtransformedimageasthedifferencematrixwhichistheadjustablebasisofthedecompressedimagequality.Bycontrollingthedeviationofthedifferencematrix,therecanbenearlylosslesscompressionfortheVQmethod.ExperimentalresultsshowthatwhenthenumberofcompressedbitsbyourmethodisequaltothenumberofthosebitscompressedbytheVQmethod,thequalityofourrecoveredimageisbetter.Moreover,theproposedmethodhasmorecompressioncapabilitycomparingwiththeVQscheme.

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简介：没有它的参考图象或失真类型的优先的知识，盲目图象质量评价(BIQA)能估计一幅弄歪的图象的感性的质量。在这份报纸，一个新奇BIQA模型在小浪领域被开发。就多决定和分离小浪变换(DWT)的band-passing特征而言，在力量光谱上的改进被提出，即，称的小浪力量光谱(WPS)评价。然后，方向性的WPS的概念被使用简化计算。而且，人的视觉系统(HVS)的一个旋转地对称的调整转移函数(MTF)作为一个过滤器综合，它做度量标准与人的视觉感觉和更多一致歧视。实验在实时数据库和三个另外的数据库上被进行，并且结果证明建议度量标准高度与主观评估被相关，它以有效性和坚韧性与另外的最先进的度量标准竞争很好。

简介：Thecontrolofcoreplasmaandimpuritylevelofedgeplasmahasbeengreatlyimprovedwiththedevelopmentofcontrolledfusiontechnology.Refractorymetaltungstenoritsalloywaspaidmoreattentionsowingtoitshighmeltingtemperature,goodthermal

简介：空气污染是快速的都市化和经济开发在中国带的一个严重问题，强加对人口健康和社会的可持续性的大挑战和威胁。基于监视从2013～2014为每个中国城市获得的数据的即时空气质量，空气污染的空间与时间的特征用各种各样的探索空间数据分析工具被分析。与空间econometric模型一起，这份报纸进一步确定在公民和地区性的规模的空气质量上的社会经济的因素的影响。结果如下：(1)从2013～2014，城市的空气质量的天依从的百分比增加了，但是空气污染败坏了，在有差的空气质量的区域的变得更坏的状况变得更明显。(2)空气质量的变化出现一清楚的时间的结合地区性的社会经济的活动，基本上在白天并且相对相对差擅长夜里。(3)城市的空气污染显示出一个空间模式在在南方的北方和光在在西方的东方和光重、重。(4)地区性的城市的空气污染的全面程度和分发有清楚地不同的特征。因为关键城市的污染是那些城市spreadsregional外套污染的aggravatedpollution，地区性的空气污染的形成和进化能基本上被导致是在污染governanceregional污染关节预防的aggravatedthe钥匙城市铅，控制总的来说是implementedregional污染被减少。(5)在公民，水平，精力消费，工业化和工艺的进步是在优秀、经济开发是的城市的空气变得更坏的主要因素为那质量的改进的一位重要司机。(6)由资源，环境和开发舞台影响了，社会经济的因素在空气质量上有强烈可变的影响，在在不同区域的方向和紧张。基于结论，地区性的区别和在中国的开发和环境变化被讨论的在经济之间的关系的发展想法。

简介：MechanicalqualityfactorQmisakeycharacteristicparameterofHigh-overtonebulkacousticresonator(HBAR).Theeffectsofstructureparameter(thickness)andperfor?manceparameters(characteristicimpedanceandmechanicalattenuationfactor)ofsubstrate,piezoelectricfilmandelectrodeconstitutingHBARonQmarecarriedout.TherelationshipsbetweenQmandtheseparametersareobtainedbyalumpedparameterequivalentcircuitinsteadofdistributedparameterequivalentcircuitneartheresonancefrequency,andthean?alyticalexpressionsoiQmaregiven.TheresultsshowthatQmincreasesnon-monotonicallywiththecontinuousincreaseofthesubstratethicknessforHBARwithcertainpiezoelectricfilmthickness,anditapproachestothesubstratematerialmechanicalqualityfactorasthesubstratethicknessislarge.QmdecreaseswavilywiththecontinuousincreaseofthepiezoelectricfilmthicknessforHBARwithcertainsubstratethickness.SapphireandYAGwithlowmechanicallossareappropriateasthesubstratetogetalargerQm-TheelectrodelossmustbeconsideredsinceitcanreduceQm-ComparedwithAuelectrode,A1electrodewithlowerlosscanobtainhigherQmwhentheappropriateelectrodethicknessisselected.Inaddition,Qmdecreaseswiththeincreaseoffrequency.TheseresultsprovidethetheoreticalbasisforoptimizingtheparametersofHBARandshowthattrade-oflFsbetweenQmandmustbeconsideredinthedesignbecausetheirchangesareofteninconsistent.

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简介：Onthebasisoftheprinciplesofsimplerandomsampling,thestatisticalmodelofrateofdisfigurement(RD)isputforwardanddescribedindetail.AccordingtothedefinitionofsimplerandomsamplingfortheattributedatainGIS,themeanandvarianceoftheRDarededucedasthecharacteristicvalueofthestatisticalmodelinordertoexplainthefeasibilityoftheaccuracymeasurementoftheattributedatainGISbyusingtheRD.Moreover,onthebasisofthemeanandvarianceoftheRD,thequalityassessmentmethodforattributedataofvectormapsduringthedatacollectingisdiscussed.TheRDspreadgraphisalsodrawntoseewhetherthequalityoftheattributedataisundercontrol.TheRDmodelcansyntheticallyjudgethequalityofattributedata,whichisdifferentfromothermeasurementcoefficientsthatonlydiscussaccuracyofclassification.