Primarysclerosingcholangitis（PSC）isachronicprogressiveinflammatorydiseaseaffectingthebileducts,leadingtofibrosisandeventuallycirrhosisinmostpatients.Itsetiologyisunknownandsofarnoeffectivemedicaltherapyisavailable.Livertransplantation（LTX）istheonlycurativetreatmentandatpresentPSCisthemainindicationforLTXintheScandinaviancountries.ClosetohalfofthePSCpatientsexperienceoneormoreepisodesofacutecellularrejection（ACR）followingtransplantationandapproximately1/5ofthetransplantedpatientsdeveloprecurrentdiseaseinthegraft.Inaddition,somereportsindicatethatACRearlyafterLTXforPSCcaninfluencetheriskforrecurrentdisease.Fortheseimportantpost-transplantationentitiesaffectingPSCpatients,wehavereviewedthecurrentliteratureonepidemiology,pathogenesis,treatmentandthepossibleinfluenceofrejectionontheriskofrecurrentdiseaseintheallograft.
