Withthedevelopmentoflasertechnologies,multi-colorlight-fieldsynthesiswithcompleteamplitudeandphasecontrolwouldmakeitpossibletogeneratearbitraryopticalwaveforms.Apracticaloptimizationalgorithmisneededtogeneratesuchawaveforminordertocontrolstrong-fieldprocesses.Wereviewsomerecenttheoreticalworksoftheoptimizationofamplitudesandphasesofmulti-colorlaserstomodifythesingle-atomhigh-orderharmonicgenerationbasedongeneticalgorithm.Bychoosingdifferentfitnesscriteria,wedemonstratethat:(i)harmonicyieldscanbeenhancedby10to100times,(ii)harmoniccutoffenergycanbesubstantiallyextended,(iii)specificharmonicorderscanbeselectivelyenhanced,and(iv)singleattosecondpulsescanbeefficientlygenerated.Thepossibilityofoptimizingmacroscopicconditionsfortheimprovedphasematchingandlowpergenceofhighharmonicsisalsodiscussed.Thewaveformcontrolandoptimizationareexpectedtobenewdriversforthenextwaveofbreakthroughinthestrong-fieldphysicsinthecomingyears.
