高考NMET单词拼写

(整期优先)网络出版时间:2009-08-20
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i. 大量选用多音节词。 以NMET99为例, 构成各单词的字母数超过7个的单词有9 个, 占到90%:

umbrella, recognize, average, necessary, passenger, declare, familiar,
  restaurant, recently
  ii. 词意较为生僻或使用率偏低。
    average, declare, familiar
  iii. 根据语境要求, 填入所写英文单词的适当形式有4道。
    recognized, passengers, declared, restaurants
3. 从NMET96始, NMET把对单词拼写的测试置于句子之中。研读近年NMET单词拼写试
  题, 我们会发现单词拼写在语境的作用下, 出现多元变化。这表现在:
  i. 英语屈折语的变化
   The National Games were well (组织).
   →(organized) 用动词的过去分词形式, 形成被动语态。
  ii. 辨义词语的变化 [accept] / receive (高考英语97第76题):
  iii. 确认句式或短语的变化
    The patient kept (咳嗽) all night.
    →(coughing) 句式 [keep doing=keep coughing]
  iv. 词性转换的变化 (舒服"comfort") → [comfortably"舒服地"]
    I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more (舒服).
    →(comfortably)
    据此, 可以看出单词拼写题型应重新定位, 其确切含义应是"单词拼写与单
  词用法"。此外, 在NMET必考1929词中, 有部分词汇由于教材等原因成为盲点‘或
  称为消极词汇, 考生对其或不认,或会认却不会用,在需要的时候,不能及时地
  将该词从记忆中调出, 如:
  majority, thorough, pour, beyond,ceiling,coast,envy,frequently,
  mass,modest,port,shortcoming,sleeve,thunder,wealth,trick,
  stocking, pressure, etc.。
            二 NMET单词拼写的解题过程
1. 首先要仔细审题, 即在句子缺词的情况下, 尽量弄懂句子的大意, 并根据句子已
  给出的语境, 判断出所缺的单词, 试将该单词放入句子当中, 看看是否能使句子
  完整, 句意明确。
2. 在解题过程中要特别注意根据句子中所缺成分, 判断所缺单词的词类,应是名词、
  动词还是形容词、副词等。注意动词的变化形式, 和词类转换过程中单词所产生
  的特殊变化。
3. 完成英语单词的拼写后, 要把句子重读一遍, 检查句子是否通顺, 单词拼写是否
  准确无误。
4. 实例演示
  i. The workers demanded an i_____ reply from their boss.
 【解】先读全句, 根据已给出的词语, 得知句意为" 工人们要求老板答复", 什么
    样的答复? 由此可知,句中缺少一个形容词。试填入immediate。重读全句,
    意思明确: 工人们要求老板立即答复。
  ii. Water f_____ at zero degree centigrade.
 【解】先读全句, 根据已给出的词语, 得知 "水在摄氏0度时……", 句子中缺的
    是动词。根据常识我们知道水在零度时结冰,再反过来想想结冰英语为:
    freeze,主语是water, 应用第三人称单数形式 freezes。写出单词后, 将
    freezes放入句中再读一遍, 进行检查。


             
        三 值得关注的一些NMET必考词汇
             ---具有NMET单词拼写试题风格的单词选编
说明:
1. NMET2000词汇共1929个, 必考短语405条。
2. 以下词汇及短语全部选自NMET99词汇表, 共计248条, 其中包括词汇约238个,
  短语约11条。
3. 词汇及短语的挑选基于如下考虑:
  ① 需要关注拼写的单词
  ② 需要关注发音的单词
  ③ 需要关注词义的单词或短语
  ④ 需要关注用法的单词或短语
4. 以下词汇或短语中箭头所指部分为作者所添加的部分。
5. 以下词汇及短语会对NMET语音试题、单词拼写、单项填空、短文改错以及书面
  表达等题型的解题产生积极影响。
A) admire →admiration admit →admission adventure


  afford        altogether     announce→announcement
  arrival →on one’s arrival        ashamed→be ashamed of
  assistant                 attempt
  attract                  average
  apologize →apology n.          appear →appearance
B) baggage       bargain      beyond
  broadcast (broadcast, broadcast)     bury →burial
C) cabbage       capital      carry on/out
  ceiling       celebrate     central
  chimney       cigarette     clerk
  clothing       collar       companion
  composition     content      conductor
  congratulation   construction    contain
  convenient      cousin       curious
  curtain       custom       customer
  comfortable →comfortably
D) decision       declare      delay
  delicious      delight      deliver
  depth        description    desire
  destroy       determine     devote →devotion
  disadvantage     disappointed    district
  disturb       pide
E) take it easy     effect       electricity
  encourage      energy       engineer
  entire        entrance      envelope
  envy         equal       quipment
  escape        especially     European
  excellent      except       exhibition
  expensive      experience     explanation
  explode       exploit      expression
  extremely
F) false        familiar      so far
  favo(u)rite     fierce       figure
  flight        forgive → forgive sb.for sth.
  forbid → forbade, forbidden;forbid sb.to do...
  fortnight      fortunate →be fortunate to do...
  fountain       freedom      frequently
  fridge (refrigerator)
  frighten →be frightened about/at sth.
  furniture → a piece of furniture
G/H) garage       geography     go out (put out)
   government     handkerchief    hang (hung, hung)
   height       help oneself to
I) imagine       immediately    include
  increase       industry      information
  insist →insist on doing sth.      institute
  instruction     interrupt     introduce
  invite →invitation
J/K/L) join in      journey      kitchen
    knowledge     lightning     lively
M) majority       marriage      medal


  memory        mental       merely
  message       metal       model
  the moment →the moment that...=as soon as...
N/O) nationality     natural      necessary
   normal       nowadays      object
   opinion       opposite      ordinary
   organize
P) particular      passage      passenger
  patient       pattern      perform
  permit →permission            persuade
  pilot        politics      pollution
  popular       population     possibly
  pour         practical     precious
  prefer        president     probably
  pretty →可作副词=very          produce
  production      program(me)    pronunciation
  protect       purpose
Q/R) quarrel       quarter      rather than
   realize/realise   recognize     reduce
   refer        regular      Remember me to
   request       require →be required to do sth.
   restaurant
S) salt         satisfaction    satisfy
  scientific      scold       score
  be seated      secret       secretary
  seek         seize       separate
  service       settle       silence
  silver        similar      simply
  smooth        society      special
  splendid       square       stage
  standard       starve       straight
  succeed       sugar       supply
T) take food/medicine  technical     technique
  telegraph      telephone/phone  temperature
  therefore      thirsty      tobacco
  toilet        tongue       track
  tractor       traffic      transport
  treasure       truth       twelfth
U/V/W) uniform      universe      vacation
    valuable     variety      various
    vegetable     victory      voyage
    wealth →wealthy adj.          weight → weighty adj.
    as well                 as well as
    worth → How much is it worth to you?