“疑探展练”四环节在短文改错考点归纳中的运用

“疑探展练”四环节在短文改错考点归纳中的运用

张敏

攀枝花市第十五中学

短文改错是高考试题中一个重要题型。它不仅考查学生在语法、词汇、修辞等方面的语言知识和能力，而且还考查学生对信息的认知与获取能力，更重要的是考查学生能够判断、鉴别正误的能力。这一题型对很多考生来说是有相当难度的，因为改错中的错误一般都是他们平时较容易犯的错误，即他们的软肋，所以在做这类题目的时候，常常感到无从下手，或者惊慌失措，结果胡乱改改就草草了事，结果连难度系数并不高的题目也做不出来，知道答案后又后悔不已，但为时已晚。所以考生应该明了短文改错的特点，教师应在高三复习教学中高屋建瓴，发挥学生的自主能动性，本文就高考前夕的一堂短文改错专项总复习课做了如下教学设计：

第一步：疑—根据语篇练习，短文改错常设考点：词类层面？句类层面？篇章逻辑？

Passage1

How's everything going? I'm glad to have met you and become friend with you. I miss you very well and thus I'm writing to tell you anything about my new life at college. My new school is so beautiful as a huge garden. There are green grass and colorful flowers everywhere. My teachers are all kind and I believe, with time go by, I‘ll make a great progress. My classmates are very friendly and I made many new friends here. I feel that my new life is very excited, but I also realize that it is full of challenges. I‘ve decided to work hard so that I’ll have a brightly future. Of course, I'll also do more exercise to keep 第二步：一探---常考考点的考查形式，分组讨论并完成以下任务

1.短文改错一般是 ______个改词______个加词______个减词。

2.考点基本分布均匀，词类分别为______， ， ， ， ，

， 。句法通常为

（基本和语法填空考点一致）。

3.动词首先注意______________。通常_______________ 改为______________ ， 也有一般过去式改为一般现在时的。特别注意篇章里既有过去又有现在的情况。.另外动词还要注意______________及______________（虚拟语气为主）、______________一致（三单）、并列谓语时态一致。

4.非谓语动词（to do, doing, done）一般为 doing______________ 也有donedoing 以及to do中_____的添加与省略。doing表____________ ,done表__________ to do表___________。介词后一定是______。表示______________的心理状态的动词如：delight、 excite、 amuse 、move、 touch 、interest、 encourage、 inspire 、disappoint、 discourage 、worry、 upset、 annoy、 bore 、shock、 surprise、 amaze 、puzzle、 tire

5.名词：注意____名词单、复数形式，注意不可数名词不能用______形式。常考的纯不可数名词有

so much加不可数名词 /so many加________名词，注意：one/some/each of + 可数名词______。

6.形容词副词：修饰名词、be动词，系动词后要用 词. 修饰动词、形容词以及整个句子用 词 ；注意.形容词和副词________级、________级和________级的使用遇见

_______ 结构要多看几眼。

以ly结尾的常见形容词有

还有： fast late early hard straight 形和副都是一样的。

7.冠词：注意添加与省略，也有a/an和the 的转换（注：same前必加_________），单数可数名词前一定有______________。常见的零冠词名词有：word_________,man_________,nature_________,room_________(填汉语意思)。

8.代词。主要考查人称代词和不定代词的用法，宾语与主语为同一物或人时，宾语应用_________。

9.介词，主要考查介词的意义、用法及固定搭配，介词可 改 去 加，关注like 与_____的互换，而且应多关注介词词组和动词词组的正确搭配。As time goes by_____ time going by.

10.连词

主要考查逻辑关系，根据上下文判断是并列，转折，还是因果关系等。一般是__________，__________，__________，__________的转换。

第三步：再一次探究，根据高考考查考点即考查形式分组设计一篇短文改错并在组间交换展评。

Passage

The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worst years in my life. At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think so. They always told me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be free from them. I showed them I was independent by wearing strange clothes. Now I am leaving home for college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.

第四步：巩固练习，结合探究的考查要点和思路，当堂练习并查看课堂效果。

Passage1

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his

success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

第五步：课后再巩固练习，以确保学生对考点的落实和掌握。

Passage1

The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.

结语：本堂课充分发挥学生的主观能动性，让学生站在命题者的高度了解短文改错的考查要点及命题者出题思路，从而做到心中有数，做题不慌，大大地提高了课堂效率，优化了学生的解题能力。总之，本堂课制定了符合学情，英语语言特点和大纲要求的教学目标，设计了推动学生思考的教学活动，教学环节紧密相连，层层推进，同时，本堂课学生达成的教学效果也为高三英语高效总复习提供了方向，希望在以后的教学中创造性地使用“疑探展评练”这一课堂模式。