简介：摘要：Buzsaki“丘脑皮层神经细胞网状振动学说”认为帕金森氏症的癫痫发作与震颤在脑神经中有共同起搏点，神经生化学单胺能神经元、胆碱能神经元对丘脑传入具有对抗放电、对抗振动等机制，而GABA能传入冲动是放电和振动的促进系统，当纹状体多巴胺水平降低时GABA能神经元促进放电系统的作用增强，作为起搏点引起癫痫、震颤的发生。本文从神经生化学视角来探讨神经递质的化学变化以及丘脑异常所带来神经心理学变化。

简介：摘要：初老症又名Pick氏病，这是步入中年开始出现早老性痴呆、失言、识别力丧失、运动不能得综合征，平均发病年龄多在40~60岁之间。皮质纹状体脊髓联合变性综合征近期发现很可能是由朊蛋白感染运动神经元性导致痴呆、瘫痪、精神障碍、人格改变，该病症的病理解剖发现大脑皮层、纹状体、丘脑、脑干、脊髓等运动神经细胞均呈现弥漫性神经源性变性。上述两类中枢神经系统退化疾病而导致精神障碍现象在临床诊断上，经常与脑梗死、高龄抑郁症相互混淆。

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简介：Combinedmulti-bodydynamicswithstructuraldynamics,anewdiscreteelementwithflexibleconnector,whichisapplicablefor3-Dbeamstructures,isdevelopedinthispaper.Boththegeneralizedelasticcoefficientmatrixoftheflexibleconnectorandthemassmatrixofdiscreteelementmaybeoff-diag-onalinageneralcase.Thezero-lengthrigidelementisintroducedtosimulatethenodeatwhichmultipleel-ementsarejointedtogether.Itmayalsobeeffectivewhentheaxesofadjacentelementsarenotinthesameline.Theexamplesforeigenvaluecalculationshowthatthemodelissuccessful.Itcanbeextendedtothegeometricnonlinearresponseanalysis.

简介：Morethanahalfofstrongearthquakesintheworldarelocatedinshallowdepthatthesubductingplateboundaryinsqueezedzones.Owingtothedifferenceinspeedbetweenthemovingseaplates,thestrainenergyisaccumulatedandreleasedcyclicallyinsqueezedzones.Severalmethodsweredevelopedtoanalyzethemedium-andshort-termpotentialofmainshocks.Thesemethodscanbeclassifiedinto(1)lessdatasystemsusingthetheoryofgreymodelforearthquakeprediction,(2)quasi-periodicsystemsusingearthquakeactivityanalysis,(3)systemsofgroupedactivityusingorderanalysis,and(4)nonlinearsystemsusingbackpropagation(BP)ofneuralnetworkforpredictionanalysis.Basedupontheseanalyticmethods,riskmapsforthepredictionofstrongearthquakescanbedrawnusingtherecordsofstrongearthquakesinTaiwanforthepast100years.Theseriskmapsinclude(1)aseismicriskmap,(2)alossriskmap,(3)ahazarddegreemap,and(4)alossdegreemap.Theseriskmapsmakeitpossibletodoamedium-termpredictionofmainshocksonthe10-yearscale.