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60 个结果
  • 简介:WereportedinthismanuscriptthatTGF-β1inducesapoptosisinAML12murinehepatocytes,whichisassociatedwiththeactivationofp38MAPKsignalingpathway.SB202190,aspecificinhibitorofp38MAPK,stronglyinhibitedtheTGF-β1-inducedapoptosisandPAI-1promoteractivity.TreatmentofcellswithTGF-β1activatesp38.Furthermore,over-expressionofdominantnegativemutantp38alsoreducedtheTGF-β1-inducedapoptosis.Thedataindicatethattheactivationofp38isinvolvedinTGF-β1-mediatedgeneexpressionandapoptosis.

  • 标签: 转化生长因子Β 细胞凋亡 P38 肝细胞 信号传导
  • 简介:Apoptosismanifestsintwomajorexecutionprogramsdownstreamofthedeathsignal:thecaspasepathwayandorganelledysfunction.Animportantantiapoptosisfactor,Bcl-2protein,contributesincaspasepathwayofapoptosis.Calcium,animportantintracellularsignalelementincells,isalsoobservedtohavechangesduringapoptosis,whichmaybeaffectedbyBcl-2protein.WehavepreviouslyreportedthatinHarringtonine(HT)inducedapoptosisofHL-60cells,there'schangeofintracellularcalciumdistribution,ovingfromcytoplastespeciallyGolgi'sapparatustonucleusandaccumulatingtherewiththehighestconcentration.Wereportherethatcaspase-3becomesactivatedinHT-inducedapoptosisofHL-60cells,whichcanbeinhibitedbyoverexpressionofBcl-2protein.NosignofapoptosisorintracellularcalciummovementfromGolgi'sapparatustonucleusinHL-60cellsoverexpressingBcl-2ortreatedwithAc-DEVD-CHO,aspecificinhibitorofcaspase-3.Theresultsindicatethatactivatedcaspase-2canpromotethemovementofintracellularcalciumfromGolgi'sapparatustonucleus,andtheprocessisinhibitedbyAc-DEVD-CHO(inhibitorofcaspase-3),andthatBcl-2caninhibitthemovementandaccumulationofintracellularcalciuminnucleusthroughitsinhibitiononcaspase-3.Calciumrelocalizationinapoptosisseemstobeirreversible,whichisdifferentfromtheintracellularcalciumchangescausedbygrowthfactor.

  • 标签: HL-60细胞 细胞凋亡 Bol-2 Caspase-3 半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶 胞内钙分布
  • 简介:Theeventsofcelldeathandtheexpressionofnuclearmatrixprotein(NMP)havebeeninvestigatedinapromyelocyticleukemiccelllineHL-60inducedwithetoposide.BymeansofTUNELassay,thenucleidisplayedacharacteristicmorphologychange,andtheamountofapoptoticcellsincreasedearlyandreachedmaximunabout39%aftertreatmentwithetoposidefor2h.NucleosomalDNAfragmentationwasobservedaftertreatmentfor4h.ThemorphologicalchangeofHL-60cells,thus,occurredearlierthantheappearanceofDNAladder.Totalnuclearmatrixproteinswereanalyzedby2-dimensionalgelelectrophoresis.Differentialexpressionof59nuclearmatrixproteinswasfoundin4hetoposidetreatedcells.Westernblottingwasthenperformedonthreenuclearmatrixacssociatedproteins,PML,HSC70andNuMA.TheexpressionofthesuppressorPMLproteinandheatshockproteinHSC70weresignificantlyupregulatedafteretoposidetreatment,whileNuMA,anuclearmitoticapparatusprotein,wasdownregulated.Theseresultsdemonstratethatsignificantbiochemicalalterationsinnuclearmatrixproteinstakeplaceduringtheapoptoticprocess.

  • 标签: 核基质蛋白 细胞凋亡 鬼臼乙叉甙 HL-60细胞
  • 简介:Brassinosteroids(BR)被transmembrane受体和戏察觉植物生长和开发重要角色,以及响应环境刺激房间。transmembrane受体BRI1能直接绑在brassinolide(BL),并且BAK1与BRI1交往提高发信号调停BRI1BR。我们以前研究显示了那膜类固醇绑定蛋白质(MSBP1)1能在vitro绑在BL并且否定涉及BR发信号。进一步阐明内在机制,我们这里证明MSBP1明确以一种BL独立方式vivo与BAK1细胞外领域交往。由MSBP1增加表示压制房间扩大和BR回答能被overexpressingBAK1或它细胞内部kinase领域恢复,建议MSBP1可以压制通过与BAK1交往发信号BR。Subcellular本地化研究表明MSBP1和BAK1血浆膜和endocytic泡局部性,MSBP1加速BAK1endocytosis,它导致由向内涵体转移BAK1平衡发信号压制BR。确实,提高了MSBP1表示还原剂在在vivoBRI1和BAK1之间相互作用,表明那MSBP1发信号BR早步充当一个否定因素小径。

  • 标签: 油菜素内酯 信号转换 跨膜受体 内吞作用 结合蛋白 类固醇
  • 简介:Changesinthedistributionof1P1-antigeninthedevelopingchickretinahavebeenexaminedbyindriectimmunofluorescencestainingtechniqueusingthenovelmonoclonalantibody(MAb)1P1.Expressionofthe1P1antigenwasfoundtoberegulatedinradialaswellasintangentialdimensionoftheretina,beingpreferentiallyorexclusivelylocatedintheinnerandouterplexiformlayersoftheneuralretinadependingonthestagesofdevelopment,Withtheonsetoftheformationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1antigenbecomesexpressedintheretina.Withprogressingdifferentiationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1immunofluorescencerevealed2subbandsatE9and6subandsatE18,Atpostnatalstages(afterP3)immunoreactivitywasreducedinaninside-outsidesequenceleadingtothecompleteabsenceofthe1P1antigeninadulthood.1P1antigenexpressionintheouterplexiformlayerwasalsosubjecttodevelopmentalregulation.Thespation-temporalpatternof1P1antigenexpressionwascorrelatedwiththetimecourseofhistologicaldifferentationofchickretina,namelythesynapserichplexiformlayers.Whetherthe1P1antigenwasfunctionallyinvolvedindendriteextensionandsynapseformationwasdiscussed.

  • 标签: 鸡胚 视网膜发育 网织层 IP1抗原 表达 时空分布
  • 简介:cAMPmediatedsignalingmayplayasuppressiveroleinimmuneresponse.WepreviouslyfoundthatthecAMP-elevators(CTxand8-Br-cAMP)inhibitedIL-12,IL-la,IL-6geneexpression,butincreasedthetranscriptionallevelsofIL-10andIL-1RainLPS-treatedmurineperitonealmacrophages.ThepresentstudyexaminedapossiblemolecularmechanisminvolvedincAMPelevators-inducedinhibitionofIL-12p40expressioninresponsetoLPS.OurdatademonstratedthatcAMPelevatorsdownregulatedIL-12p40mRNAexpressionandIL-12pT0productioninmurineperitonealmacrophages.SubsequentstudiesrevealedthatcAMP-elevatorsblockedphosphorylationofp38MAPK,butdidnotaffecttheactivityofNF-κBbindingtoIL-12promoter(-136/-112).ThisisthefirstreportthatcAMPelevatorsinhibitLPS-inducedIL-12productionbyamechanismthatisassociated,atleastinpart,withp38-dependentinhibitionbycAMPsignalingpathways.

  • 标签: 巨噬细胞 腹膜 鼠科动物 蛋白磷酸化 CAMP
  • 简介:Arabidopsisthaliana嘘一deacetylase1(AtHD1或AtHDA19),酵母RPD3一个相当或相同事物,是植物许多生理、发展过程一个全球管理者。尽管有为植物基因规定和开发AtHD1一个角色基因证据,AtHD1生物化学、细胞性质糟糕被理解。这里,我们vivo报导AtHD1细胞本地化模式并且嘘vitro一项deacetylase活动。绿荧光灯蛋白质(GFP)短暂、稳定表示洋葱房间标注了AtHD1并且分别转基因Arabidopsis根,种子和叶子表明AtHD1euchromatic区域大概原子核是局部性并且从核排除。AtHD1本地化模式与涉及核形成和transgenessilencing并且分别重复了DNA元素AtHD2和AtHDA6那些不同。另外,一hist一deacetylase活动试金证明细菌生产recombinantAtHD1示威了一特定嘘vitro一项deacetylase活动。数据建议AtHD1是原子蛋白质并且拥有嘘为对植物生长和开发重要全球transcriptional规定负责一项deacetylase活动。

  • 标签: 组蛋白脱乙酰基1 常染色体 基因抑制 植物
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  • 简介:TheyeastHAL1genewasintroducedintoArabidopsisthalianabyAgrobacteriumtumefaciens-mediatedtransformationwithvacuuminfiltrationunderthecontrolofCaMV35Spromoter.Thirty-threeindividualkanamycinresistantplantswereobtainedfrom75,000seeds.SouthernblottinganalysisindicatedthatHAL1genehadbeenintegratedintoallofthetransgenicplants'genomes.ThecopynumberofHAL1geneintransgenicplantswasmostly1to3bySouthernanalysis.Phenotypesoftransgenicplantshavenodifferenceswithwildtypeplants.Severalsamplesoftransformantswereself-pollinated,andprogeniesfromtransformedandnon-transformedplants(controls)wereevaluatedforsalttoleranceandgeneexpression.MeasurementofconcentrationsofintracellularK+andNa+showedthattransgeniclineswereabletoretainlessNa+thanthatofthecontrolundersaltstress.ResultsfromdifferenttestsindicatedtheexpressionofHAL1genepromotesahigherlevelofsalttoleranceinvivointhetransgenicArabidopsisplants.

  • 标签: 耐盐碱性 HAL1基因 基因工程
  • 简介:Brassinosteroids(BR)是植物激素一个主要组调整植物生长和开发。BRI1,对质膜局部性蛋白质,当BR受体和它被建议了,工作它kinase活动调整BR植物生长和开发有一个必要角色。这里,我们报导隔离和bri1新等位基因分子描述,bri1-301,哪个表演中等词法显型和减少回答到正常生长条件下面的BR。顺序分析从GG识别了二底改变到,导致到BRI1kinase领域989I989G变换。kinase活动试管内试金证明bri1-301不向BRI1底层TTL和BAK1举办检测autophosphorylation活动或磷酸化活动。而且,我们结果建议甚至与极其损害kinase活动,bri1-301仍然调整植物生长和开发保留部分功能,它提出BRI1kinase活动是否高等植物为调停BR生长和开发是必要问题。

  • 标签: 芸苔素类固醇 BRI1 植物激素 生物学功能 酶活性
  • 简介:被象染色体冷凝作用,面向双性人锭子形成,染色体大会离子,分离和胞质分裂那样一系列紧安排事件精确通过有丝分裂调整。染色体运动被和位于着丝点以内一个专业化染色体领域锭子微导管相互作用在有丝分裂期间管理。这个专业化区域,叫了kinetochore,是为锭子微导管着丝点地点协会。除了用作染色体和锭子微导管之间一个物理连接,kinetochore通过微导管马达和定位在或在它附近锭子集会检查点(囊)传感器chromosomal分离展出一个活跃角色[例如,1]。

  • 标签: 细胞周期蛋白B1 交响乐 管弦乐队 有丝分裂 导体
  • 简介:Galα(1,3)Gal(galepitope)isacarbohydrateepitopeandsynthesizedinlargeamountbyα(1,3)galactosyltransferase[α(1,3)GT]enzymeonthecellsoflowermammaliananimalssuchaspigsandmice.Humanhasnogalepitopeduetotheinactivationofα(1,3)GTgenebutproducesalargeamountofantibodies(anti-Gal)whichrecognizeGalα(1,3)Galstructuresspecifically.Inthisstudy,areplicationdeficientrecombinantadenoviralvectorAd5sGTcontainingpigα(1,3)GTcDNAwasconstructedandcharacterized.Adenoviralvector-mediatedtransferofpigα(1,3)GTgeneintohumantumorcellssuchasmalignantmelanomaA375,stomachcancerSGC-7901,andlungcancerSPC-A-1wasreportedforthefirsttime.ResultsshowedthatGalepitopedidnotincreasethesensitivityofhumantumorcellstohumancomplement-mediatedlysis,althoughhumancomplementactivationandthebindingofhumanIgGandIgMnaturalantibodiestohumantumorcellswereenhancedsignificantlyafterAd5sGTtransduction.AppearanceofgalepitopeonthehumantumorcellschangedtheexpressionofcellsurfacecarbohydratesreactingwithUlexeuropaeusI(UEAI)lectins,Viciavillosaagglutinin(VVA),Arachishypogaeaagglutinin(PNA),andGlycinemaxagglutinin(SBA)todifferentdegrees.Inaddition,noeffectofgalepitopeonthegrowthinvitroofhumantumorcellswasobservedinMTTassay.

  • 标签: 腺病毒载体 半乳糖转移酶 GAL α(1 3) Gao 基因表达
  • 简介:SomerecentstudiesindicatedthatGABAergicsystemisinvolvedinmammalianspermacrosomereaction(AR),butdirestevidencepertainingtotheexpressionofgatlinmammalianspermisnotyetdemonstrated.Inthisstudy,weevaluatedthepresenceof67kDaGAT1proteinandmRNAinrattestisbyWesternblottingandreversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction.Meanwhile,immunohistochemicalandimmunofluorescentanalysesalsoidentifiedGAT1proteinontheelongatedspermatidandsperm.Theseresultsindicatedthatrattestisisanovelsiteofgatlexpression.FurtherstudiesshouldbetakentoexploretheroleofGAT1proteinonspermacrosomereaction.

  • 标签: 大鼠 精子 睾丸 GAT1 表达 GABA
  • 简介:以便学习TGF-beta1结构功能细节,重组体老鼠TGF-beta1成熟形式细菌被表示。TGF-beta1(氨基酸279-390)112氨基酸carboxyl终端部分合成被一个诱导基因表示系统基于抗菌素T7RNA控制。这个系统允许重组体TGF-beta1活跃、选择合成。减少条件下面SDS-polyacrylamide胶化上决定表示TGF-alpha1单体分子量是大约13kD。连续净化洗与纯化步是足够净化表示产品到同质单个胶化过滤结合了。氨基终端定序表明重组体蛋白质N终端与出版数据相同。西方污点分析,重组体多肽polyclonalTGF-beta1抗体显示出优秀antigenicity。在这研究表示成熟重组体老鼠TGF-beta1提供一个有用工具因为未来详细说明了结构、功能研究

  • 标签: 转化生长因子-β1 重组表达 包涵体 提纯 抗原性
  • 简介:Thereareabout17chromosomesinyeastSaccharomycescerevisiae.Amiddlesizedchromosome,chromosomeV,waschoseninthisworkforstudyingandconstructingthephysi-calmaps.ChromosomeVfromstrainA364awasisolatedbypulsed-fieldgradientgelelectrophoresis(PFGE).GelslicescontainingchromosomeVDNAweredigestedwithtworarecuttingenzymes,NotⅠandSfiⅠ,andthree6-Ntrecognizingenzymes,SmaⅠ,SstⅡandApaⅠ.Severalstrategies-partialorcompletedigestions,digestionwithdifferentsetsoftwoenzymes,andhybrid-izationwithclonedgeneticallymappedprobes(CAN1,URA3,CEN5,PRO3,CHO1,SUP19,RAD51,RAD3)——wereusedtoaligntherestrictionfragments.Thereare9,9,15,17,and20sitesforNotⅠ,SfiⅠ,SmaⅠ,SstⅡandApaⅠrespectivelyinthemapoftheA364achromosomeV.Itstotallengthwascalculatedtobe620Kb(Kilo-bases).Thedistributionsofthecuttingsitesforthesefiveenzymesthroughthewholechromosomearenotuniform.Acomp-arisonbetweenthephysicalmapandthegeneticmapwasalsomade.

  • 标签: YEAST chromcsome V macro-physical map DNA
  • 简介:细胞内部氧化还原作用动态平衡决定肿瘤房间敏感到导致药apoptosis起一个关键作用。这里,我们调查了thioredoxin-1(TRX1)角色,氧化还原作用规定一个关键部件,砷三氧化物(作为(2)O(3))导致apoptosis。HepG(2)房间野类型TRX1表示上导致了抑制当(2)O(3)导致了细胞色素c(cytoc),释放,caspase激活和apoptosis,并且由RNAiTRX1表示绒毛规定敏化HepG(2)房间到当(2)O(3)导致了apoptosis。有趣,到重量单位(32/35)从Cys(32/35)TRX1活跃地点变化从一个apoptotic保护者把这个分子变换成一个apoptotic倡导者。以理解这变换机制,我们从老鼠肝使用了孤立线粒体并且发现了野类型TRX1能保护那重组体从apoptotic线粒体变化。相反,TRX1变异形式独自得到了线粒体相关apoptotic变化,包括mitochondrial渗透转变毛孔(mPTP)洞,mitochondrial膜潜力损失,和cyto从线粒体c版本。这些apoptotic效果被cyclosporineA(CsA)禁止,显示指向到mPTP那变异TRX1。到由2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)氧化形式体内从它减少形式TRX1改变,TRXreductase一个特定禁止者,也敏化HepG(2)房间到当(2)O(3)导致了apoptosis。这些数据建议TRX1由任何一个变化由堵住cytoc版本调整apoptosis,并且TRX1激活起一个中央作用或活跃地点半胱氨酸氧化可以敏化肿瘤房间到当(2)O(3)导致了apoptosis。

  • 标签: 肝癌 三氧化砷 线粒体 细胞色素 细胞凋亡
  • 简介:NAC家庭基因编码涉及多样生物过程植物特定抄写因素。在这研究,ArabidopsisNAC基因ATAF1被发现被干旱导致,高咸度,abscisic酸(骆驼毛织物),甲基jasmonate,机械伤害,并且Botrytiscinerea感染。ATAF1重要正式就职受到干旱或高咸度骆驼毛织物缺乏变异aba2被发现,揭示表示骆驼毛织物无关机制。ArabidopsisATAF1-overexpression线显示了许多改变显型,包括侏儒症和短主要根。而且,vivo,实验显示ATAF1是真正管理者modulating植物许多不能生活压力和necrotrophic病原体感染回答。ArabidopsisATAF1Overexpression增加了植物敏感到骆驼毛织物,盐,和氧化压力。特别,ATAF1overexpression种,然而并非异种排队显示出显著提高植物忍耐到干旱。另外,ATAF1overexpression提高了植物危险性到necrotrophic病原体B。cinerea,但是没改变P无毒害或剧毒紧张引起疾病症状。syringaepv西红柿DC3000。转基因植物overexpressingATAF1氧化应力过分敏感,建议反应氧中介可能与响应病原体和不能生活压力调停ATAF1发信号有关。

  • 标签: 生物过程 应激反应 拟南芥 双功能 转基因植物 病原体感染
  • 简介:尽管许多进步在理解花机关身份怎么发展期间是坚定取得了,更少花机关怎么晚花发展阶段被详细描述被知道。这里,我们描述新奇花异种,起皱花瓣和stamens1(wps1),它在花瓣和雄蕊发展显示出缺点。基因分析显示那wps1异种相应于染色体3长手臂一个单个后退地点。wps1异种机关早发展在野类型类似于那,并且异种malfunction晚发展阶段开始,显示花瓣和雄蕊外观上一个缺点。成熟花,异种花瓣和雄蕊细丝被起皱或合拢,并且花瓣和雄蕊细丝L1层下面的细胞形态学是反常。花机关身份基因表达式模式没与野类型相比wps1异种被影响,这被发现,与所有花机关未改变开发一致。而且,花瓣不同类型表皮房间身份被维持。组织学分析证明wps1花,所有花瓣不规则被合拢,并且花瓣有系结构,当内部房间形状和安排畸形、未组织起来时。把结果基于这些,我们建议Wps1下游行动到班B花机关身份基因,并且工作迟了花期间调制细胞区别发展阶段。

  • 标签: 花瓣 雄蕊 莲花 植物
  • 简介:GABAtransporter1(GAT1)takesimportantrolesinmultiplephysiologicalprocessesthroughtheuptakeandreleaseofGABA,buttheregulationofGAT1geneexpressionindifferenttissuesisrarelyknown.Toaddressthequestion,first,5'RapidamplificationofcDNAend(RACE)wasusedtodetermineGAT1transcriptionalstartingsitesinneonatalmousecerebralcortexandintestine,adultmousebrainandadultrattestis.Theproductsof5'RACEwereconfirmedbyDNAsequencing.WefoundthatthetranscriptofGAT1inneonatalmousecerebralcortexandadultmousebrainstartsatthesamesite(insideofexon1),whileinmouseintestine,GAT1startstranscriptioninintron1,andinrattestis,thetranscriptofGAT1hasanadditionaluntranslationexontothe5'direction.

  • 标签: GABA转移子1 复制开始位点 5'RACE 组织特异性