简介:格林macroalgaeChaetomorphaaerea和C。linum分类地被糊涂。在这份报纸,我们试试词法、分子的分析分开这二种。C。aerea和C。linum能与词法characteritics被区分开来,例如复叶尺寸,房间尺寸和形状,他们的吝啬的长度/宽度比率(LWR),和房间围收缩。C的Thalli。aerea由顶往底地稀释与在上面的部分的直径270-500m,在中间的部分的160-360m,在基础部分的100-160m。为上面的部分,房间的长度是不到他们的直径。房间墙通常在隔膜压缩,它透明或无色并且给细丝beaded外观。相反,C的thalli。linum经常在一样的个人,以内有90-300m的一条经常的直径房间墙通常不压缩,房间是圆柱的或塑造的桶。LWR比C的大。aerea。结果证明在二种之间的pairwise距离为它的区域是为18SrRNA基因和53.5%-54.3%的3.6%-3.7%。在发展史,他们在远clades散布,它在分子的水平证实基因分叉。另外,词法数据显示C的那条细丝直径。linum样品是高度可变的,从90m到300m。然后这二种能被看作分开种类。
简介:Thegeophysicalmodelfunction(GMF)describestherelationshipbetweenbackscatteringandseasurfacewind,sothatwindvectorscanberetrievedfrombackscatteringmeasurement.TheGMFplaysanimportantroleinoceanwindvectorretrievals,itsperformancewilldirectlyinfluencetheaccuracyoftheretrievedwindvector.Neuralnetwork(NN)approachisusedtodevelopaunifiedGMFforC-bandandKu-band(NN-GMF).EmpiricalGMFCMOD4andQSCAT-1areusedtogeneratethesimulatedtrainingdata-set,andGaussiannoiseatasignalnoiseratioof30dBisaddedtothedata-settosimulatethenoiseinthebackscatteringmeasurement.TheNN-GMFemploysradiofrequencyasanadditionalparameter,soitcanbeappliedforbothC-bandandKu-band.Analysesshowthattheσ0predictedbytheNN-GMFiscomparablewiththeσ0predictedbyCMOD4andQSCAT-1.AlsothewindvectorsretrievedfromtheNN-GMFandempiricalGMFCMOD4andQSCAT-1arecomparable,indicatingthattheNN-GMFisaseffectiveastheempiricalGMF,andhastheadvantagesoftheuniversalform.
简介:Thegrowth,biochemicalcontentandbioaccumulationquantityof2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenylether(BDE-47)inSkeletonemacostatumwerestudiedunderdifferentN:Pratios(1,4,16,64and128).AllcellularbiochemicalcontentsofS.costatumpresenteddecreasingtrendovercultivationtime.Atearlystageofcultivation,thecellularprotein,carbohydrateandlipidinS.costatumpresentedhighervaluesintreatmentsofN:P=4and16.However,theywerelowerinthesetreatmentsatthelatestage,buthigherintreatmentsN:P=1and128.Similarly,BDE-47levelspercellofS.costatumwerehigherintreatmentsofN:P=4and16atearlystageofcultivation,whichwere3.8and3.7ng(106cells)-1,respectively.Atthemiddlestageofcultivation,theBDE-47levelperS.costatumcelllowered;anditfurtherreducedinthetreatmentsofN:P=4and16atthelatestagewiththevalues0.6and0.5ng(106cells)-1,respectively.However,itroseinN:P=128,reachingupto2.3ng(106cells)-1.ComparedwithBDE-47percell,BDE-47peralgalvolumeunderdifferentN:Pratiosdidnotpresentobviousdifference.ThequantityBDE-47accumulatedpercellofS.costatumwaspositivelycorrelatedwithprotein,carbohydrateandlipidpercell;meanwhile,theBDE-47pervolumehadapositivecorrelationwithbiochemicalcontentpervolume.ThevariationofbioaccumulationabilityofBDE-47inS.costatumcanbeexplainedbybiochemicalchangesduetoN:Pratios.
简介:在本研究中,我们首次通过基因组上游第一次步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中crtO基因的3个不同大小的5’上游侧翼序列1.1kb,1.9kb和2.2kb。利用生物信息学方法分别预测并比较了这3个不同大小的5’上游侧翼序列,结果发现,三者具有与高等植物相类似的顺式作用元件,如脱落酸反应元件(ABRE)、干燥或低温反应元件(DRE/C-repeat)、几种光反应元件(G1-box,GAG-motif,l-boxandATC—motif)、热激反应元件(HSE)、机械伤害反应元件(WUN-motif)、生长素反应元件(TGA-element)、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件(TGACG-element)和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点(MBSandMRE)等等,但是三者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中crtO基因调控方式的多样化。
简介:单细胞淡水绿藻-雨生红球藻能够在一定条件积累一种次生类胡萝卜素-虾青素,因而在生长后期藻体变为深红色。其中,IPP异构酶在雨生红球藻中的虾青素合成过程中发挥了重要作用。在本研究中,我们首次通过基因组上游步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中IPP异构酶基因的两个不同5’上游侧翼序列,大小分别是1.8kb和2.5kb。利用生物信息学方法分别对这两个不同5’上游侧翼序列进行了序列分析,结果发现,二者具有某些相同的顺式作用元件,如可能的脱落酸反应元件(ABRE)、干燥或低温反应元件(DRE/C-repeat)、几种光反应元件(G-box,GAG-motif,I-boxandATC-motif)、热激反应元件(HSE)、机械伤害反应元件(WUN-motif)、水杨酸反应元件(TCA-element)、生长素反应元件(TGA-element)、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件(TGACG-element)、缺氧特异反应中的增强子类似元件(GC-motif)和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点(MBSandMRE),但是二者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中IPP异构酶基因转录调控方式的多样化。
简介:TiO2filmswereformedonmetallictitaniumsubstratesbytheanodicoxidationmethodinH2SO4solutionunderthe80VD.C..PhasecomponentandmicrostructurewerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Watercontactanglesontitaniumoxidefilmsurfaceweremeasuredunderbothdarkandsunlightilluminationconditions.Corrosiontestswerecarriedoutinseawaterunderdifferentilluminationconditionsbyelectrochemistryimpedancespectrum(EIS)andpolarizationcurves.TheresultshowedthattheTiO2filmpreparedbytheanodicoxidationmethodwasanatasewithauniformstructureandwithoutobviousporesorcracksonitssurface.Theaveragewatercontactangleofthefilmwas116.4?indark,incontrasttoanangleof42.7?undertheUVilluminationfor2hours,whichdemonstratesgoodhydrophobicproperty.Theanti-corrosionbehavioroftheTiO2filmwasdecliningwiththeextendedimmersiontime.Underdarkconditions,however,thehydrophobicTiO2filmretardedthewaterinfiltratingintothesubstrate.Theimpedancechangedslowlyandthecorrosioncurrentdensitywas2ordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatwiththefilmilluminatedbysunlight.AllofthosementionedaboveindicatethattheTiO2filmpossessesmuchbetterperformanceunderdarkcondition,anditcanbeappliedasanengineeringmaterialunderdarkseawaterenvironment.
简介:单细胞淡水绿藻—雨生红球藻能够在一定条件积累一种次生类胡萝卜素—虾青素,因而在生长后期藻体变为深红色。其中,IPP异构酶在雨生红球藻中的虾青素合成过程中发挥了重要作用。在本研究中,我们首次通过基因组上游步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中IPP异构酶基因的两个不同5’上游侧翼序列,大小分别是1.8kb和2.5kb。利用生物信息学方法分别对这两个不同5′上游侧翼序列进行了序列分析,结果发现,二者具有某些相同的顺式作用元件,如可能的脱落酸反应元件(ABRE)、干燥或低温反应元件(DRE/C-repeat)、几种光反应元件(G-box,GAG-motif,I-boxandATC-motif)、热激反应元件(HSE)、机械伤害反应元件(WUN-motif)、水杨酸反应元件(TCA-element)、生长素反应元件(TGA-element)、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件(TGACG-element)、缺氧特异反应中的增强子类似元件(GC-motif)和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点(MBSandMRE),但是二者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中IPP异构酶基因转录调控方式的多样化。更多还原
简介:在本研究中,我们首次通过基因组上游第一次步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中crtO基因的3个不同大小的5’上游侧翼序列1.1kb,1.9kb和2.2kb。利用生物信息学方法分别预测并比较了这3个不同大小的5’上游侧翼序列,结果发现,三者具有与高等植物相类似的顺式作用元件,如脱落酸反应元件(ABRE)、干燥或低温反应元件(DRE/C-repeat)、几种光反应元件(G-box,GAG-motif,I-boxandATC-motif)、热激反应元件(HSE)、机械伤害反应元件(WUN-motif)、生长素反应元件(TGA-element)、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件(TGACG-element)和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点(MBSandMRE)等等,但是三者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中crtO基因调控方式的多样化。更多还原
简介:CarboncycleisconnectedwiththemostimportantenvironmentalissueofGlobalChange.Asoneofthemajorcarbonreservoirs,oceansplayanimportantpartinthecarboncycle.Inrecentyears,ironseemstogiveusagoodnewsthatoceanicironfertilizationcouldstimulatebiologicalproduc-tivityasCO2sinkofhuman-producedCO2.Oceanicironfertilizationexperimentshaveverifiedthataddingironintohighnutrientlowchlorophyll(HNLC)seawaterscanincreasephytoplanktonproductionandexportorganiccarbon,andhenceincreasecarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2,toreduceglobalwarming.Insixtydays,theexportorganiccarboncouldreach10000timesforaddingironbymodelpredictionandinsituexperiment,I.e.TheatmosphericCO2uptakeandinorganiccarbondrawdowninupperseawatersalsohavethesamemagnitude.Therefore,oceanicironfertilizationisoneofthestrate-giesforincreasingcarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2.Thepaperisfocusedontheironfertilization,es-peciallyinsituoceanironexperimentsinorderthatthefutureresearchismoreefficient.
简介:Astochastictwo-dimensionalFornasini-Marchesini'sModelⅡ(2-DFMMⅡ)withmultiplicativenoiseisgiven,andafilteringalgorithmforthismodel,whichisoptimalinthesenseoflinearminimum-variance,isdeveloped.Thestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoisecanbereducedtoa1-Dmodel,andtheproposedoptimalfilteringalgorithmforthestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoiseisobtainedbyusingthestateestimationtheoryof1-Dsystems.Anexampleisgiventoillustratethevalidityofthisalgorithm.
简介:Thispaperpresentsthedetaildesignconditions,designcriteriaandmethodsaswellasdesignconclusionsoftheprocess,structureandcorrosionoftheproductionflowlinesandhighpressurewaterinjectionlinesinBZ34-2/4oilfieldinBohaiBay.AtpresentthisdesignrepresentsthedesigncapabilityandlevelinthefieldofthesubmarinepipelineengineeringofChina.
简介:Inthisstudy,thecombinedactionsofwavesandtidalcurrentsinestuarineandcoastalareasareconsideredanda2Dmathematicalmodelforsedimenttransportbywavesandtidalcurrentshasbeenestablishedinorthogonalcurvilinearcoordinates.Non-equilibriumtransportequationsofsuspendedloadandbedloadareusedinthemodel.Theconceptofbackgroundconcentrationisintroduced,andtheformulaofsedimenttransportcapacityoftidalcurrentsfortheOujiangRiverestuaryisobtained.TheDouGuorenformulaisemployedforthesedimenttransportcapacityofwaves.SedimenttransportcapacityintheformofmudandtheintensityofbacksiltingarecalculatedbyuseofLuoZaosen'sformula.Thecalculatedtidalstagesareingoodagreementwiththefielddata,andthecalculatedvelocitiesandflowdirectionsof46verticallinesfor8crosssectionsarealsoingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Onsuchabasis,simulationsofbacksiltingafterexcavationofthewaterwaywithasandbarundercomplicatedboundaryconditionsinthenavigationchannelinducedbysuspendedload,bedloadandmudbywavesandtidalcurrentsarediscussed.
简介:测定了相手蟹属(Sesarma)红螯相手蟹(S.haematocheir)和褶痕相手蟹(S.plicata)线粒体16SrRNA基因部分片段的序列,二者的序列长度相同,均为533bp,且A、T、G、C的含量相似,分别为198bp(37.1%),206bp(38.6%),84bp(15.8%),45bp(8.4%)和200bp(37.5%),205bp(38.5%),81bp(15.2%),47bp(8.8%);二者的序列有49处差异,其中21个位点为转换、22个位点为颠换和6个缺失/插入位点。进一步对20种相手蟹属蟹类的长度为361bp的16SrRNA基因同源序列进行分析,发现AT的含量为78.6%~82.9%,明显高于GC的含量,且存有91个变异位点。从NJ树和遗传距离来看,在分布于中国的3种相手蟹中,无齿相手型(S.dehaani)和红螯相手蟹的亲缘关系最近(d=0.0151),而它们与褶痕相手蟹的亲缘关系则较远(d=0.0924/0.09231。分布于中国的相手蟹和分布于北美的相手蟹之间存在着较大的遗传距离(差异),表明它们之间有着较远的亲缘关系,互为单系起源。
简介:TheDiverGasRecoverySystem(DGRS)isanimportantaccessoryequipmentofthe300mSaturationDiveSystem.Thesystemfacilitatestherecyclingofthebreathinggasesfordivers,therefore,ithasgreateconomicbenefits.InApril1995,a300munmannedtestanda100mmannedtestontheHY2031DGRSwerecarriedoutsuccessively.Tenmonthslater,anothermannedtestontheHY2032DGRS