简介：Cr2O3-formingferriticstainlesssteelshavebeenwidelyexploredasintermediatetemperaturesolidoxidefuelcells（SOFCs）interconnects.However,theevaporationofchromiascalemightmigratetoandpoisonthecathode,leadingtodegradationofthecellperformance.Inthisstudy,Ni-Co-Fe-Pcoatingsweredepositedontheferriticstainlesssteelbymeansofacost-effectivetechniqueofelectrolessmethod.Theyareexpectedtobeconvertedinto（Ni,Co,Fe）3O4spinelwithahighelectricalconductivityandCTEmatchwithstainlesssteel,whichcanblocktheevaporationofchromiaformedonsteelsubstrateexposedtothecathodeenvironmentoftheSOFC.TheeffectsofpH,massratioofFeSO4/（FeSO4+NiSO4+CoSO4）andtemperatureofsolutiononthedepositionrate,compositions,surfacemorphologiesandstructuresoftheNi-Co-Fe-Pcoatingswereinvestigated.TheresultsindicatedthatthedepositionrateincreasedwithincreasingpHwhenpHwaslowerthan9andthenreducedwhenpHwashigherthan9.Thedepositionrateincreasedwithincreasingtemperaturewhentemperaturewaslowerthan80℃andthendecreasedwhentemperaturewashigherthan80℃.ThedepositionratedecreasedwiththeincreaseinmassratioofFeSO4/（NiSO4+CoSO4+FeSO4）.ThecoatingsconsistedofNi,Co,FeandP.Thephasestructureofthecoatingwasamorphous.

简介：SomenewNi-saving25Crduplexstainlesssteels(DSS)havebeendeveloped.Theresultsindicatethatthealloyhasabalancedferrite-austeniterelationafterhotforgeandsolidsolutiontreatmentat1000℃.TheelementsWandCuhaveamarkedeffectonthemicrostructureofthealloy.ThepittingpotentialofthesteeladdingWandCuelementsreachesthemaximumvalueof435mV.Thetensilestrengthandpercentageofareareductionofallsteelsinthispaperare800-900MPaand60%-70%,respectively.Thetensileelongationsofthealloysareallabove30%.Theexperimentalsteelshavegoodcorrosionandmechanicalproperty.

简介：从制样方法及分析方法上对硅锰铁合金的分析方法进行了研究,采用定时、定压、定量制样、标准曲线制作等手段,主要对硅锰铁合金中Mn、Si、P等常规元素进行测定。对于X荧光光谱压片做了充分的前期准备工作,并对相关影响因素进行分析。该方法分析数据准确可靠,进而取得满意的分析结果。

简介：ThehotductilityofFe-36NiinvaralloywithdifferentadditionsoftheelementceriumwasinvestigatedusingaGleeble-3800thermal-mechanicalsimulatoroverthetemperaturerange850-1050℃,andtheimprovementmechanismofthehotductilitywasanalyzedusingacombinationofSEM,EDS,andOM.TheresultsindicatedthatFe-36Niinvaralloyexhibitedpoorhotductilitybelow1050℃,whichwasmainlyattributedtoweakgrainboundariesandtheactionofgrainboundarysliding.However,thealloyswithceriumcontentsof0.016%and0.024%bothdemonstratedsubstantialimprovementinthehotductilityovertheentiretestingtemperaturerange.Theobservedimprovementofthehotductilityofthealloywith0.016%ceriumat950℃andthealloywith0.024%ceriumat900℃wasassociatedmainlywiththegrainboundarystrengtheningandtherestrictionofthegrainboundaryslidingbecausetheadditionofceriumreducedthesegregationofsulfuratgrainboundariesandrefinedthegrainstructure.Theoccurrenceandaccelerationofdynamicrecrystallizationwerefoundtoberesponsibleforthehighhotductilityofthealloywith0.016%ceriumat1000℃andthealloywith0.024%ceriumat950-1000℃asaresultoftherefinementofthegrainstructurebyadditionofcerium.

简介：TheeffectofCe,LaandmischmetalonthesolidificationstructureofFe-36Niinvaralloywasinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatgreatamountsofhigh-meltingpointcompounds(Ce2O3,La2O2Sand(Ce,La)2O2S)respectivelyformedinthealloywiththeadditionofCe,Laormischmetal.Basedonthetheoryoflatticemisfit,thelatticemisfitbetweenthe(0001)surfacesofCe2O3,Ce2O2SandLa2O2Sand(100)surfaceofFe-36Niinvaralloywere6.21%,5.77%and5.42%,respectively,whicharerelativelylow.Therefore,Ce2O3,La2O2Sand(Ce,La)2O2Scouldserveasthecoreofheterogeneousnucleation,improvetheequiaxedgrainratio,reducetheequiaxedgrainsizeandrefinethesolidificationstructureofalloy.

简介：

简介：最近《不锈钢世界》记者有机会与英国的国际工程建设承包商——FosterWheeler能源有限公司材料咨询工程师RichardCarroll接触，请他介绍了目前他所了解的有关耐腐蚀合金（CRAs）使用方面的若干问题。

简介：Inrecentyears,manyNi-containingmaterialsmanufacturedfromlateritehaveplayedasignificantroleinsupportingtherapiddevelopmentofthestainlesssteelindustryinChina.Currently,pyrometallurgyisthemainprocessforlateritesmelting,whereblastfurnacesareemployedtomakeNi-containinghotmetal.Withtheaimofgivingsomereferencesformakinggooduseoflaterite,technicalandeconomicanalysiswasconductedinthispaper,basedonthediscussionofthekeytechnologiesofNi-containinghotmetalproductionwithlaterite(50.4%Fe)inblastfurnaces.

简介：Inthisstudy,metallographicanalysisandnanoindentationcharacterizationwereusedtoanalyzethepropertiesandmicrostructuresofas-castnitrogenalloyed27Cr-7Ni-4Mosuperduplexstainlesssteel(super-DSS).Theas-castmicrostructureofthesuper-DSSwascharacterizedbyitsferriteandisland-likeaustenitephases.Duringthesolutionannealingprocess,theaustenitevolumepercentageofthesteeldecreasedgraduallywithincreasedannealingtemperature.Asamainelement,thechromiumcontentintheferriticandausteniticphaseselevatedslightlyatfirstthendecreasedwithincreasedannealingtemperature.Thechromiumpartitioncoefficientinthesteelvariedbyaround1.0.Thecontentsofnickel,anothermainalloyelement,alsoincreasedintheferriticandausteniticphaseswithincreasedannealingtemperature,asdidthenickelpartitioncoefficientinthesteel,whichtendedtobecloseto1.0.Thenanoindentationcharacterizationresultsindicatethatthehardnessoftheaustenitephaseisslightlygreaterthanthatoftheferritephase.Theyweresimilartoeachotherwithinacertaintemperaturerangefrom1050℃to1100℃.Thistemperaturerangewasconsistentwiththetemperaturerangeinwhichthecontentratioofthetwophaseswascloseto1∶1.WefoundtheYoung'smodulusoftheferritephasetobegreaterthanthatoftheaustenitephase.Withincreasedannealingtemperature,theYoung'smodulusoftheferritephasedecreasedwhilethatoftheaustenitephaseremainedalmostunchanged.

简介：通过铁水脱硫→转炉→RH真空精炼→连铸→热轧→酸洗→冷轧→罩退→平整→重卷→消除应力退火等生产工艺,采用C≤0.003%,Si+Als≤1.80%成分体系,成功开发出无取向半工艺电工钢50W300牌号。消除应力退火后产品铁损值P15/50达到2.75w/kg,磁感应强度B5000达到1.68T,达到国标50W300牌号磁性要求。对比实验炉820℃和850℃消除应力退火后磁性能值,850℃消除应力退火后铁损值优于820℃消除应力退火后的铁损值,磁感强度变化不大。工业炉内800℃消除应力退火磁性能值优于实验炉820℃和850℃消除应力退火磁性能值。

简介：在轧钢生产中,铸钢轧辊常用于承受较大轧制力的部位。图1所示的φ400轧机K6轧辊,工作条件较为恶劣,要求轧辊在轧制过程中具有较好的抗蠕变能力和抗磨损性能。要求轧辊材质具有较高的高温强度,抗折断性好。

简介：津巴布韦Zim合金厂由于缺乏资金以及库存堆积而停止开采铬矿，这主要是因为政府限制出口未加工过的铬矿而导致矿主难以平衡开支。

简介：高硅硅锰合金是冶炼金属锰的还原剂,也叫低碳硅锰,一般使用石墨电极或碳素电极,避免因自焙电极的电机壳对合金增铁。与普通硅锰合金相比,其含硅高而杂质（Fe、C、P）低,但具有相似的冶炼工艺。

简介：精轧机组轧制速度很高,要求硬质合金辊环具有热传导性能好,在高温状态下硬度下降少,耐热疲劳性能好,耐磨性好,强度高,适用于高速轧制等特点。影响硬质合金辊环使用寿命的因素很多,本文着重介绍硬质合金辊环材质、轧制量以及修磨量等参数设计方法及其在高速线材精轧机组的应用。

简介：Themechanicalandcorrosivepropertiesof00Cr13Ni4Mo(S13-4N)weretestedandcomparedwiththoseof00Cr13Ni6Mo(S13-6).Theeffectsofnitrogenonthepropertiesofthesteelswereanalyzed.Theresultsofthetensileandcorrosiontestsshowthestrength,theductility,andthepittingcorrosionresistanceofS13-4Narehigher,lowerandpoorerthanthoseofS13-6respectively,whentemperedatatemperaturebelow550℃andviceversawhenthetemperingtemperatureishigherthan550℃.TheresultsoftheX-raydiffraction(XRD)andtheelectronbackscattereddiffraction(EBSD)analysesrevealthatinversedausteniteappearsat550℃andtheamountofitpeaksat600℃withthebestductility.AndthetotalamountoftheinversedausteniteinS13-6ismorethanthatinS13-4Nindifferentforms.Nitrogenperformsbetterintermsofstabilizinginversedaustenitewhilenickelismorefavorableforforminginversedaustenite,theamountandstabilityofwhichaffecttheductilityremarkably.ThereasonfortheembrittlementofS13-4Nat450℃canbetheresultofcarbideandnitrideprecipitatingatgrainboundaries.

简介：Improvingtheunitheatefficiency,reducingcoalconsumptionandtheemissionofCO2andmeetingtherequirementsofenvironmentalprotectionandenergyconservationisthegoaloftheboilerandthepowerindustry.Developmentsoflargecapacityandhighparameterultra-supercritical（USC）unitsarethetendencyofthepowerindustry.ThereisnodoubtthatthedevelopmentofUSCunitsisbasedonthedevelopmentofmaterials,especiallythematerialsusedforsuper-heaterandreheaterinhigh-temperatureUSCboiler.Duetothelongtimeexposuretotheharshenvironment,suchasbearingthe600℃steamoxidation,andwithstandingthecorrosivefluegasandflyasherosion,thematerialsrequirenotonlygoodhigh-temperaturestrength,butalsoagoodcorrosionresistance.Inconsiderationoftherequirementscitedabove,foreigncountrieshaddevelopedTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）austeniticheat-resistantsteel.However,thedomesticdemandsforthismaterialstilldependonimportandthecostishigh,sotheboilerandthepowerindustryexpectseagerlythatthesesteelscanbeproducedbydomesticmetallurgicalindustry,especiallyBaosteel,toreplacetheimportedproducts.Inordertosatisfytherequirementsofdomesticmanufacturingsuper-heaterandreheaterusedinultra-supercriticalpowerboiler,afterdevelopedT23、T91、T92、S30432highpressureboilertube,BaosteelbegantodevelopTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）austeniticstainlesssteeltubeinJanuaryof2007.Thisstudydescribesthecompositiondesign,themanufacturingprocessofproduct,andtheassessmentofperformanceofBaosteel’sTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）.ThedataindicatesthatpropertiesofBaosteel’sTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）conformtotheASMESA-213standardandGB5310standard,soitcansubstitutetheimportedproductsandissuitableformanufacturingpowerstationboilerofgreatcapacityandhighsteamparameters.

简介：通过对加热、控制轧制和控制冷却等工艺进行优化，使Φ5．5mm合金焊丝钢ER69A强度显著下降，塑性提高，获得用户认可。

简介：1前言在冶金设备中,处于高温状态下服役的零件较多。采用高合金耐热铸钢制造,虽然容易满足使用要求,但冶炼、铸造工艺都比较复杂,成本也高。相比之下,用耐热铸铁制造的零件,按其性能可以在600—1200℃的高温下使用,从而可代替部份耐热钢。目前,中硅耐热铸铁在这方面取得了比较广泛的应用,常用的牌号有RTSi—5.5和RQTSi—5.5,耐温可达900℃,且有较好的铸造性能。但这

简介：采用100t电弧炉（EBT出钢）→100tLF精炼→90tVD脱气→5流150mm×150mm断面连铸机浇注→轧制工艺生产合金工具钢钢带。通过成分设计及冶炼工艺控制,材料硬度和耐磨性能均可满足用户要求。

简介：通过在128m3高炉进行高炉法冶炼镍铬合金生铁（不锈钢母液）工业试验,生产镍铬合金生铁2600t。试验表明高炉生产镍铬合金生铁（不锈钢母液）是可行的。通过试验,掌握了其关键操作技术和诀窍。为今后的项目决策提供了技术和经济指标数据。