简介:Inthispaper,opticalcross-connection(OXC)inducedcrosstalkhasbeencarefullyanalyzedformultiwavelengthall-opticalnetworks.Formulaearederivedforcalculatingthecrosstalkpowerofhomowavelengthcrosstalkandthetotalcrosstalkatthereceiverend.TheresultsshowthattheopticalswitchesinducedcrosstalkdominatesoverothercrosstalkcomponentsofOXC,andtheaccumulatedhomowavelengthcrosstalkincreasesalmostlinearlywiththeincreasingoftheOXCnumber.Atthereceiverend,theheterowavelengthcrosstalkinducedbythereceiveropticalfilterhasthesameorderasthatofhomowavelengthcrosstalkofOXC.Theresultsofdifferentopticalcomponentsmodelarealsodiscussed.
简介:Inthisdissertation,sereralkeyproblemsinthefieldofsteganographicimagesecurityaremainlystudiedanddiscussed:(1)Anovelkindofimagecryptosystemisstudied.Theencryptedinformationofsecretimageisembeddedintoanordinaryimage,whichcanbetransmittedpublicly,anditwillnotcauseattentionofillegaleavesdropper.Thefollowingresultsareachieved:(a)Theimagehidingalgorithmanditsimprovedalgorithmbasedonwavelettransformandvectorquantizationareproposed,andbothalgorithmsembedthesecretimageaftertakingfulladvantageofwavelettransform(WT)tocompressit.(b)IntroducingtheCDMAconceptincommunicationtheory,anovelkindofimagecryptosystem—imagehidingcryptosystemofimagedivisionmultipleaccessisproposed.Weencryptkeyinformationofseveralsecretimagesandthenhidethemintoanimage,whichisanordinaryimage.Afterreceiversgettheimage,eachreceivercanrestorecorrespondingsecretimageindependently.Comparedwithotherimageencryptionalgorithms,ournewimagehidingcryptosystemcancompresssecretimagedataefficiently.Moreover,thesecurityandpracticabilityofoursystemisbetter.(2)Digitalwatermarkingisthemostimportantbranchofinformationhiding,whichhasbeenthehotspotofinternationalacademia.Digitalwatermarkinghasbeenproposedasasolutiontotheproblemofcopyrightprotectionofmultimediadocumentsinnetworkedenvironments.Inthisfield,thefollowingresultsareachieved:(a)AnewfrequencyinformationhidingandwatermarkingalgorithmbasedonWTandDiscreteCosineTransform(DCT)ispresented.AftercompressedbyWT,theinformationofsecretimageisembeddedintoDCTdomain.ThealgorithmhasgoodimperceptibilityandsecurityandisrobustagainstJPEGcompressingandcropping.Thealgorithmcanbeusedtoembedwatermarkintoimages,andthewatermarkmaybeone256-colorpictureormoreandmorethanonesecretimagecanbehiddenintoasinglecarrierimage.(b)Anovelwatermarkingalg
简介:扬声器适应测试正规化(ATnorm)是在文章无关的扬声器确认的广泛地使用的分数正规化的最有效的途径,它选择扬声器有一个额外的开发语料库的适应冒名顶替者队以便提高识别性能。在这份报纸,能在原来的ATnorm上提供全面重要优点的ATnorm的改进实现被介绍。这个方法在说话者采用新奇生气类似大小没有一个额外的发展语料库的适应的队模型选择。它能与原来的ATnorm完成可比较的表演并且中等减少计算复杂性。与保存额外的开发语料库的完整的使用,全面系统性能能显著地被改进。结果在这个方法在系统性能提供重要改进,这被显示出的NIST2006扬声器识别评估数据语料库上被介绍,与相对,14.4%逼近相等的错误率(无论何时),14.6%逼近总体上获得的决定费用功能(DCF)。
简介:Thispapermainlydiscussesthe"double-trackcharge"system(priceprejudicechargesystem)intheoryandpractice.Theauthorexplainsandanalyzesthe"differentialchargesphenomenon"ofuniversitiesinChinabytaking"Paretooptimality"asregulationstandardand"Darwinoptimality"asempiricalstandard,combiningregulationstandardwithpracticestandard,realisticstandardofvaluejudgmentwithultimatestandard,andfairnesswithefficiency.Thispaperprovidestheoreticalreferenceandanoperationplatformforapplicationandimplementationdifferentialchargesandthecontainmentofcorruptionincollegeenrollment.
简介:Anin-depthexplorationhasbeenmadeoftelecommunicationtariffanditsdecisionsupportsystem.Itisthefirstattempttoconductsuchastudybytheintegrateduseofeconometrics,systememulationandsystemdynamics.Apractically-demandedcostmodelofthetelecommunicationtariffdecisionisproposed.Thesystemhasbeenverifiedwithrealdata.
简介:Thepricingoftelecommunicationservicesisquiteimportantaswellascomplicated.ThispaperstrengthenstheresearchoftheoriesandimplementationoftelecommunicationtariffinChina.Itishelpfulforthegovernmentauthoritiesandenterprisestounifyandstandardizetheregulatorymethods,toguidethedecidingofthestructureandleveloftelecommunicationtariffbyimplementingscientifictheories,tofurtherdevelopandoptimizethetariffsystem.Thispaperconductsasystematic,in-depthandcreativeresearchonsomeofthemostpopularandmostdifficultproblemsintheareaoftelecommunicationtariffresearch,suchastheregulationoftelecommunicationtariff,thetheoriesoftelecommunicationtariff,thesystematicpricingtheory,theinterconnectioncharge,themodelcostevaluationtheory,thelong-runincrementalcosttheory,andtheinternationaltelecommunicationtariff.Afterstudyingtheforeignmethodsontelecommunicationtariffregulation,basingonthecurrentsituationofChina'stariffregulation,thescopeandmethodsforChina'stelecommunicationtariffregulationaresuggested.Aimedattheweaknessofpricingtheoryforenterprisestosetuptelecommunicationtariffs,anoverallframeworkoftelecommunicationtarifftheoriesisproposed.Thesystematicpricingtheoryandmodelcostevaluationtheoryoftelecommunicationservicesareputforwardfromabrandnewperspective.Afronttopic,theLRICtheory,isprobed.Inaddition,thepricingpracticesofnetworkinterconnectionchargeandinternationaltelecommunicationtariff,whicharecurrentlyveryattractivetothetheorists,arediscussed.Basingonthesestudies,thispaperimprovesthestructureoftelecommunicationtarifftheory.ItprovidestheChinesegovernmentauthoritieswithpracticalmethodsandhelpfulsupportstoregulatethetelecommunicationtariffs;inthemeantime,italsoprovidestheenterpriseswithscientificpricingtheoriesandmethodstosetuptelecommunicationtariffs.Overall,thispaperhasnot
简介:Fromaneconomicangle,thispaperanalyzesanddemonstratestheirrationalityofthecurrentInternetsettlementofInterconnection;thenpointsoutthattheheavychargesforInternetinterconnectionfromdevelopingcountriestothedevelopedcountrycanbethoughtofasoneofthemainandkeyreasonsthatrestrictthebalanceddevelopmentoftheInternetintheworld,whichcausestheintensificationof'digitaldivide',widensthegapbetweenpoorandrichcountriesandfurtheraggravatesthedisequilibriumoftheglobaleconomicdevelopment;andthustheconclusionisreached:thepublicpolicyselectionshouldbemadebythewholeinternationalsocietyjointlyforpayingcloseattentionandregulatingsettlementsystemsofInternetinterconnectiontodwindle'digitaldivide'throughouttheworld.
简介:有效收音机资源分配是必要的为无线网络提供服务(QoS)的质量。在这篇文章,一个跨层的资源分配计划与最大化系统产量的目的被介绍,当为用户提供保证QoS时。与为到达包的一个有限队列的假设,建议计划动态地基于用户从一个排队模型导出的隧道特征和QoS度量标准分配收音机资源,它考虑分离Markov建模的一个包到达过程调制了泊松过程(dMMPP),并且一个multirate传播计划通过适应调整完成了。跨层的资源分配计划操作超过二步。明确地,分配到每个用户的带宽的数量首先从一个排队被导出分析模型,然后算法为用户发现最好的副载波任务。当为用户保证QoS时,模拟结果证明建议计划最大化系统产量。
简介:Inthisarticleabridgebetweentheexpectedcomplexityandperformanceofspheredecoding(SD)isbuilt.TheexpectedcomplexityofSDforinfinitelatticesistheninvestigated,whichnaturallyistheupper-boundofthoseforallthefinitelatticesifgivenbythesamechannelmatrixandsignalnoiseratio(SNR).SuchexpectedcomplexityisanimportantcharacterizationofSDinmulti-antennasystems,becausenomatterwhatmodulationschemeisusedinpractice(generallyithasfiniteconstellationsize)thisupper-boundholds.AbovebridgealsoleadstoanewmethodofdeterminingtheradiusforSD.Thenumericalresultsshowboththerealvalueandupper-boundofaveragesearchednumberofcandidatesinSDfor16-QAMmodulatedsystemusingtheproposedsphereradiusdeterminingmethod.MostimportantofallnewunderstandingsofexpectedcomplexityofSDaregivenbasedonabovementionedtheoreticanalysisandnumericalresults.
简介:Accuratetimedelayestimationisveryimportantinmultichannelnoisesuppressionsystems.Thispaperhasproposedanewmethodtoreducetheeffectofnoiseontheestimationoftimedelaybetweendifferentchannels.Ournewtimedelayalgorithmwillmoreconsiderablyreducetheestimationerror,comparedwiththeconventionalautocorrelationfunctionmethod.
简介:Thearticlestudiestheinternationalfinancialservice,whichmightbeopenedbyChinaPost.Basedondefiningpostalfinancialservice,itanalysestheface-to-facecircumstancesandchallengesbyusingthemethodofnormalmarketpositionandthemethodofGeneralElectricCompany(GEC).FinallyitdefinesthemarketpositionofPostalFinancialInternationalService(PFIS).
简介:EncryptedCommunicationtechniqueisanimportantmeasuretotheinformationsafety.BasedontheadvantagesoftwopublicencryptionalgorithmRSA&DES,anovelhighintensitypublicencryptionalgorithmChaosRandomHighIntensity(CHR)isproposedinthispaper.TheprincipleofCRHisdescribedandanalyzedindetail,andtheresultsofcomputersimulationhasproveditseffectivenessandcorrectness.
简介:Thedissertationstudiesthearchitectureofbroadbandintelligentnetwork(BIN)andimplementationofvideoconferencebasedonATMnetworkandofmulticastroutingproblemonvideoconferenceusingBINundertheaidoftheimportanttask-StudyofINandB-ISDNIntegration(69896244)-sponsoredbyNationalNaturalScienceFund.Alotofpointsofviewandsolutionsarepresent.Themaincontributionsinthedissertationareasfollows:(1)DesignthenewarchitectureofBINandimprovethearchitectureofBINproposedbyITU-T.ItiseasytosetuptheconnectionsofvideoconferenceusingthenewarchitectureofBIN.(2)PresentthedetailedschemethatBINcontrolsandimplementsvideoconferencewithoutspecializedresourcefunction,studytheschemeofallthemediaonvideoconferencetransmittedandswitchedunderthecontrolofBIN,anddiscusshowtoimplementpoint-to-multipointcommunicationsusingBIN.(3)FirstpresenttheschemeofimplementingmulticastroutingalgorithmsonvideoconferenceusingBIN.(4)Explicitlyintroduceaseriesofconceptsincludingneighboringnode,neighboringnodeset,neighboringedge,thenproposeanAdjustableDynamicMulticast(ADM)routingalgorithmwhichissuitableforvideoconference,analyzeitsperformances,andprovethealgorithmisappropriateandfeasible.(5)Developadegree-constraineddynamicmulticast(DADM)routingalgorithmwhichcanfindlesscostmulticastroutingtree.TheresultsofsimulationandexperimentsconfirmthatDADMalgorithmcanfindthelesscostmulticasttree.Finally,analyzetherelationbetweenthesizeofdegree-constrainedandvalueofmulticasttreecost.(6)Presentadelay-constraineddynamicmulticastroutingalgorithmsuitableforvideoconferencecharacteristic,andadviseaseriesofschemesreducingthedelayoftransmittingallthemediaonvideoconference.(7)FirstproposeimplementingthereliablemulticastroutingtransportprotocolusingBIN,therebyACKimplosionproblemcanbesolved.Theprotocolonlyrequiresfin
简介:AMultimediastreamsdynamicratecontrolalgorithmbasedonFuzzyadaptivePID(MFPID)hasbeenproposedtoimplementmultimediastreams'endsendingrateon-lineself-regulatingandsmoothing,andtotracksystemresourcesintime,sothatitcanavoidsystem'sregulatingoscillationandguaranteesystem'sstability.And,someworkhasbeendonetoanalyzeadaptivesessionmodelofmultimediastreams,toimplementfutureavailablebandwidthestimationofIPnetwork,toachievePIDparameters'on-lineself-tuningbyfuzzycontrolling.SimulationvalidatedthetheoreticalresultsofMFPID.
简介:Areformingdynamicsystembasedonthesingle-ringerbium-dopedfiberlaserisproposedinthispaper.ThereformingsystemhaslargerLyapunovexponentandbetterpseudorandomcharacteristicsaccordingtothesimulationresults.Itispromisingintheapplicationoftheimageencryptionandsecretcommunication.