简介：PopularregionalinequalityindexessuchasvariationcoefficientandGinicoefficientcanonlyrevealoverallinequality,andhavelimitedabilityinrevealingspatialdependenceorspatialagglomeration.Recentlysomemethodsofexploratoryspatialdataanalysissuchasspatialautocorrelationhaveprovidedeffectivetoolstoanalyzespatialagglomerationandcluster,whichcanrevealthepatternofregionalinequality.ThisarticleattemptstousespatialautocorrelationatcountyleveltogetrefinedspatialpatternofregionaldisparityinChinesenortheasteconomicregionover2000-2006(2001absent).Theresultindicatesthatthebasictrendofregionaleconomyisanincreasingconcentrationofgrowthamongcountiesinnortheasteconomicregion,andtherearetwogeographicalclustersofpoorercountiesincludingthecountiesinwesternLiaoningProvinceandadjacentcountiesinInnerMongolia,poorercountiesofHeihe,QiqiharandSuihuainHeilongjiangProvince.Thisarticlealsorevealsthatwecanusethemethodsofexploratoryspatialdataanalysisasthesupplementaryanalysismethodsinregionaleconomicanalysis.

简介：Therelativeimportanceofeconomicsandenvironmentindebatemaysoonbereversedduetotheinfluenceofthreefac-tors.Firstly,intheglobaleconomyitishardtohidetheunwantedproductsofeconomicprocesses.Secondly,hugeadvancesinsci-encewillreducetheimperfectknowledgeofmarkets,makingsomemonitoringandanalyzingtoolsshowthedesignofsensibleandequitablelivelihoodincommunities,whichismoreimportantthanthemotivationofmaximisingprofitsforsomeindividualsorfirms.Thirdly,China,asthelastmajorplayerontheplanettotakeoneconomicgrowth,comesfromtraditionsfundamentallydiffer-entfromthoseeconomiesthathaveexperiencedtheIndustrialRevolutionpreviously.Itschallengeswithsustainabilityanden-vironmentalconservationpredateWesterneconomicsbymillennia,anditisimplementingpoliciesdomesticallyandstartingtoworkontheworldstagethatacknowledgesthatthesurroundingsarethehostforanyeconomicandsocio-politicalsystem.

简介：Manyresearchershaveconcludedthatlongerlifeexpectanciespromptincreasedinvestmentineducation,asaprolongedlaborsupplyraisestherateofreturnoneducation.Besidesexplainingtheempiricalevidencebehindthisconclusion(atanabsolutelevel),thereisanotherissuetobediscussed:doestimespentstudyingandworkingincreaseproportionallywithhigherlongevity?Buildingonanextendedlife-cyclemodel,thispapershowsthatprolongedlifeexpectancywillcauseindividualstoincreasetheirtimeineducationbutmaynotwarrantrisesinlaborinput.Laterweshowthathigherimprovementrateoflongevityratherthaninitiallifeexpectancywillpromoteeconomicgrowth,evenweexcludethemechanismofhumancapitalformation,andonlyconsidergrowtheffectsofhigherimprovementrateoflifeexpectancyfromphysicalcapitalinvestment.

简介：ThepaperanalysestheperiodicalcharacteristicsoftheeconomicdevelopmentofShandongProvincebyusingthemini-mumvariationanalysismodel.Theanalysisshowsthattheeco-nomicdevelopmentprocessofShandongProvincehasshort,mediumandlongcyclesrespectivelyfor6,12,19years,andthefluctuationoftheeconomicdevelopmentbecomesgentlerwithtimepassingby.Thefluctuationofmacro-controlpolicy,invest-mentandconsumptionarethemainreasonsoftheeconomicfluc-tuation.

简介：Basedonthemeaningofeconomictheoryaswellasanalysisofrelevantcharacteristicsofwatershedenvironmentalmanagement,awatershedenvironmentalmanagementframeworkwillbecreated,withbuildingsystemsoftheory,principles,methods,andsupportingmeasures.Throughthegeneralstructure,thewatershedenvironmentalmanagementsystemdesigncanbeexploredtooptimizetheallocationofresourcesandachievecoordinateddevelopmentofwatershedeconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.

简介：Sustainabledevelopmentisoneofthemostimportantideas,andgoalsofourtime.Itisdefinedas'developmentwhichmeetstheneedsandaspirationsofthecurrentgenerationanddevelopssafeandsoundsocietyforfuturegeneration'.Achievingsustainabledevelopmentthusinvolvesavigorousandurgentdebateondifferentdimensions.Thedifferentdimensionsofsustainabilityasaframeworkinvolveallissuessuchasscience,technology,economicgrowthanddevelopment,health,education,financeinvestmentandtrade,politics,naturaldisasters,populationgrowthandterrorism,etc.Nosingledimensionisresponsibletodevelopsustainablesociety.Thisarticlemainlydescribedtheintegratedrelationshipamongthethreedimensionsofsustainability.

简介：Withtheimplementationofreformandopening-up,theoveralleconomyofChinahasmadebrilliantachievements;meanwhile,however,theeconomicdisparityhasbeenenlargingamongsomeregions,andbetweenthecityandthecountryside.Theexistenceandevolutionofthiskindofeconomicdisparityisconcernedwithsocialstability,sustainabledevelopmentandtheconstructionofharmonioussociety,whichhasgraduallybecomethehotspotinsocialeconomicdevelopment.TheWestCoastoftheStrait(WCS)locatedinsoutheastlittoralareasisadjacenttothePearlandYangtzeRiverDeltainthesouthandnorthandfacesTaiwanProvinceintheeast.Thestabilityanddevelopmentofthisregionhasvitalpoliticalandeconomicmeaninginthesocialeco-nomicdevelopmentofourcountry.Ithasimportanttheoreticalmeaningandpracticalvaluetoresearchtheform,characteristicsandevolutionofregionaleconomicdisparityintheWCS.BasedoninsightfulanalysisonexistingstudyresultsontheWCS,thepaperdefinestheconnotationandextension.Byaseriesofabso-luteandcomparativerelativeevaluationindexesandtakingtheWCSsince1992asthestudyobject,thepapermakesanalysisondifferentscalesincludingthreeregions,fourregions,20citiesand152counties,quantitativelyevaluatesthelevel,characteristicsandevolutionoftheregionaleconomicdisparityandcomparestheregionaleconomicdisparityondifferentscales.Themainconclu-sionsareasfollows:thevariationtrendoftheabsolutedisparityofthewholeregionisobviousandstable,whichhaspresentedaninflatingtrend;thecomparativevariationtrendonalargescalehaswaved,Thecomparativedisparityofthethreeregionsin-creasedannuallyfrom1992toaround2000,whichhadadecreas-ingtrendfromaround2000to2005;thecomparativevariationtrendonasmallscalewasnotstable,whichshowedanannualincreaseoffourregions,20citiesand152countiesfrom1992toaround2003andadecreasefromaround2003to2005;ther

简介：Theexploitationofmineralresourcesplaysanimportantroleinpromotingnationaleconomicdevelopment.MiningisanessentialcomponentofChina'sindustrialeconomy.Usinggreycorrelationmethodtoanalyzethecorrelativeeffectofmineralresourcesexploitationtorelevantindustries,usingnationalincomemethodtocalculatethepullingeffectofmineralresourcesexploitationtoeconomicgrowthandusinggraphsaswellastablestoanalyzetheincomedistributioneffect,thearticleobtainsactiveeconomiceffectofmineralresourcesdevelopmentinBijie,Guizhou.Moreover,fromtheviewofresources-coredeffect,thearticleanalyzesnegativeeffectssuchassingleindustrialstructurebroughtbymineralresourcedevelopment.Throughanalysis,wefindthatmineralresourcesexploitationtosomeextentbringsactiveeffectsincludinggrossdomesticproductgrowth,localfinancialrevenuegrowthandrelevantindustriesdevelopment;however,itsnegativeeffectsshouldnotbeignored.Thenegativeeffectcanbelightenedbydiversifyingindustrialstructureandprolongingindustrialchain.

简介：Bymeansofthedynamicregressionmodel,thispaperanalyzestherelationshipsamongeconomicgrowth,urbanizationandchangesofcultivatedlandinChina,findsthattheratioofcultivatedlandoccupiedbyeconomicgrowthisdecreasingwithsocialandeconomicgrowth.And,basedonthat,somepolicysuggestionsonhowtopromotethesustainableuseofcultivatedlandinChinaareputforward.

简介：Theestablishmentofaglobalmulti-regionalcarbonmarketisconsideredtobeacosteffectiveapproachtofacilitateglobalemissionabatementandhasbeenwidelyconcerned.TheongoingplannedlinkagebetweentheEuropeanUnion’scarbonmarketandanewemissiontradingsysteminAustraliain2015wouldbeanimportantattempttothepracticeofbuildingupaninternationalcarbonmarketacrossdifferentregions.Tounderstandtheabatementeffectofsuchaglobalcarbonmarketandtostudyitsenergyandeconomicimpactondifferentmarketparticipants,thisarticleadoptsaglobaldynamiccomputablegeneralequilibriummodelwithadetailedrepresentationoftheinteractionsbetweenenergyandeconomicsystems.Ourmodelincludes20economicsectorsand19regions,anddescribesindetail17energytechnologies.Bundledwithfossilfuelconsumptions,theemissionpermitsareconsideredtobeessentialinputsineachoftheproductionandconsumptionactivitiesintheeconomicsystemtosimulateglobalcarbonmarketpolicies.Carbonemissionpermitsareendogenouslysetinthemodel,andcanbetradedbetweensectorsandregions.Consideringthecurrentdevelopmentoftheglobalcarbonmarket,thisstudytakes2020asthestudyperiod.Fourscenarios(referencescenario,independentcarbonmarketscenario,EuropeUnion（EUh-Australiascenario,andChina-EU-Australiascenario）aredesignedtoevaluatetheimpactoftheglobalcarbonmarketinvolvingChina,theEU,andAustralia.Wefindthatthecarbonpriceinthethreecountriesvariesalot,from$32/tCO2inAustralia,to$17.5/tCO2intheEU,andto$10/tCO2inChina.Thoughtherelativeemissionreduction（3%）inChinaislowerthanthatintheEU（9%）andAustralia（18%）,theabsoluteemissionreductioninChinaisfargreaterthanthatintheEUandAustralia.WhenChinaisincludedinthecarbonmarket,whichalreadyincludestheEUandAustralia,theprevailingglobalcarbonpricefallsfrom$22pertoncarbondioxide（CO2

简介：

简介：Projectionsfor20yearsofeconomicgrowthandchangeinthestructureoftheThaieconomyweremadefor180sectorsusingacomputablegeneralequilibrium(CGE)modeltocomparethefollowingfourscenarios:(1)standardgrowthwithinfinitesupplyoffactors,(2)finitelandsupply,(3)fixeduseofagriculturalchemicals,and(4)combinedfinitelandsupplywithfixeduseofagriculturalchemicals.Thecomputableprojectionssuggestthattheeconomiccostofhypotheticalenvironmentalcontrolinagricultureissmallandfurtherweakenedbyurbanization.Thecomputedstructuraldevelopmentpointstoefficiencyimprovementsspecifictosectorstoreturntheeconomytobalancedgrowth.

简介：InspiredbythephenomenonofheavyreductionintheareaofcultivatedlandfollowingtheentryofKoreaandJapantotheWTO,countrieswithalargepopulationandinadequateamountofcultivatedlandsimilartoChina,thispaperraisestheproblemofthepotentialeffectsoncultivatedlandinChinafollowingitsentrytotheWTO.Thepaperattemptsanalysis,usingeconomicprinciples,oftheeffectsofChineseWTOmembershiponcultivatedlandfromfouraspects;tariffconcessions,quotaincrement,comparativeadvantage,andthesubstitutionprinciple.AndtheconclusionismatChina’sentrytoWTOmayleadtoareductionincultivatedland.Finally,somecountermeasuresareproposedtoresolvetheproblem.

简介：Inthispaper,theauthorshaveanalyzedtherelationshipbetweenenergyintensitygapandGDPperworkergapofChina'swesternandeasternprovincesovertheperiod1997-2006.Usingpaneldatamodelwithlagadjustment,takingtheaboveprovincesandsixindustrialsectors(agriculture,forestry,animalhusbandry,andfisheries,industry,constructionindustry,transport,storageandpost&telecommunications,wholesaleandretailtrades&cateringindustry,andothersectorsoftertiaryindustry.)astheinvestigatedsubjects,theauthorshaveconductedempiricalstudyontheconvergenceofGDPperworkergapandtheconvergenceofenergyintensitygapwithrespecttothevariationofGDPperworkergap,andhaveconcludedthat:First,theGDPperworkergapofthesixindustrialsectorsandprovincesareconvergent,andofthis,theconvergencerateofGDPperworkergapofConstructionIndustryisthefastest,whilethatofIndustryistheslowest.Second,theoverallenergyintensitygapbetweeneasternandwesternprovincesisconvergent,thatis,withthenarrowingofGDPperworkergapbetweeneasternandwesternprovinces,theenergyintensitygapconverges,butitsconvergencerateisslowerthanthatofGDPperworkergap.Third,energyintensitygapbetweenvariousindustrialsectorsoftheeastandthewestiseitherconvergentordivergent,andtherearedifferences.Theenergyintensitygapofagriculture,forestry,animalhusbandry,andfisheries,industry,andconstructionindustryisconvergent,whilethatoftheotherthreeindustrialsectorsisdivergent.Fourth,theconvergenceoftheoverallenergyintensityofthewesternprovincesisnotinconformitywiththeconvergenceofthevariousindustrialsectors,andtherearesignificantdifferences,indicatingthatthewesternprovincesandautonomousregionsshouldtakemeasurestomoreeffectivelyimprovetheiroverallenergyutilizationefficiencyattheindustrialsectorlevel.

简介：Thispaperfirstlyextendsthesingleperiodforestoptimalharvestingdecisionmodeltoinfiniteperiods,inordertoindicatehowtodeterminetheoptimalrotationperiodaimedatmaximizingforestrevenueinalldirectionswhenrepeatplantingandharvestingtreesonthesameplotofearthtillinfinitefuture.Thestudyalsoanalyzestheinfluenceofdiscountedrates,timberprice,harvestingcosts,plantingcosts,andtaxonthedeterminationofoptimalrotationperiod;andhowtheoptimalrotationperiodwillchangewhenweintroducethefactorsofcontinuouslyrisingtimberpriceandecologicalrevenue.Secondly,theauthorsintroducetheintergenerationalequityprincipleintotheabovemodeltodesignaresource-exploitingmodewhichsatisfiesbomthedynamicefficiencyprincipleandtheintergenerationalequityprinciple.Lastbutnotleast,theresearchappliestheabovemodeltotheanalysisofChineseforestryeconomicpolicyandexplainstheeconomictheoryofinstitutionssuchasGovernmentPurchasingEcologicalForest,TreeCompensation,andForestrySubsidization,whichprovidesanecessarytheoreticalfoundationforfutureapplicationofthesenewinstitutions.Besides,inregardtomistheoreticalframework,theauthorsanalyzethenecessityoftheNaturalForestProtectionandGrainforGreenprojectswhicharecurrentlybeingimplementedinChina.Wealsopointouttheemphasisofworktoinsuretheprojectsustainableandsuccessful.Finally,theresearchdiscussestheenterprise’sincentivetoover-the-quotaharvestingandthegovernment’smeansofrestrictingsuchbehavior,whichhighlightsthefactmatimprovedsupervisionandhigherpenaltiesarehelpfulinrestrictingover-the-quotaharvesting.

简介：Inordertoachievesustainableutilizationofnaturalresources,saveenergyandprotectenvironmentandecosystem,itisimportantforaregionoranationtodevelopandimplementaviablewasterecyclingmodelfromboththeoreticalandpracticalpointofview.Somepackagingrecyclingmodelsoperatedindevelopedcountriesareintroducedinthisarticle.Aluminiumcanrecoveryandrecyclingisemphasized.Costeffective,economicandenvironmentalbenefitofdifferentmodelsarecomparedandanalyzed.Theresultshowsthatallrecyclingmodelshavetheircharacteristicsduetotheinitialpurposeofrecoveryandthesituationoftheimplementingcountry.However,allthemodelscontributetothereductionofmunicipalsolidwastedisposalandresourcesconservation.

简介：Thispaperestablishedanequilibriummodelincludingrepresentativehousehold,government,andeightindustries,andtwodifferentenvironmentalpolicytoolssuchascarbonintensityandcarboncapwereaddedintothemodel.Thepaperpointsoutthatthecarbonintensitypolicyimposedonmajorhigh-emissionindustriesachieveddoubledividendofenvironmentalqualityimprovementandsustainableeconomicgrowthundertheconditionofproperconstrainttarget.ThisresultsupportstheenvironmentalPorterhypothesis.Thispaperfindsoutthatthedoubledividendisduetothefactthatenvironmentalgovernancepolicyleadstotherisingpriceofresourcesanddemandoflabors,resultinginaneffectiveredistributionofproductionfactorsamongindustriesandsustainableeconomicgrowth.Furthermore,thispaperestimatesthemarginaleffectofeconomicstructureoncarbonemissionandcarbonintensityandprovidestargetedsuggestions.

简介：DespitetheadverseimpactofthebudgetdeficitinHongKonghasbeenalleviatedsincetheeconomicrecoveryfrom2003,thefiscaldeficitmayreturnwhenthereisanotherdownturnintheeconomyiftheproblemisnothandledfundamentally.Basedontheeconomicandpoliticalsituationfrom1998to2003,thefactorsthatleadtothebudgetdeficitinHongKongareanalyzedinfourperspectives,including(a)increaseinpublicexpenditure;(b)decreaseinpublicrevenues;(c)poormanagementofpublicmoneyand(d)weakadministration.Withabetterunderstandingonthesefactors,possiblesolutionstothefiscalproblemfacedbythegovernmentmaybedeveloped.

简介：Theconflictbetweencitydevelopmentandurbancarryingcapacityisgettingeverprominent.InordertostudyandpredicttherestrictionfactorsandprominentproblemsinthedevelopmentoftheShandongPeninsulaBlueEconomicZoneaswellaspromotethetransferofeconomicdevelopmentpatterninthisregion,thisstudystartsfromfoursinglefactorcarryingcapacityindicatorsofwater,earth,transportationandenvironmentinthecityanditscomprehensivecarryingcapacityindicator,evaluatesandanalyzesitscarryingcapacityandthenpapoosespolicysuggestionsforimprovingitscarryingcapacity.

简介：Withtherapidchangesofdemographicandsocio-economicstructure,variousecologicalandenvironmentalproblemshaveemergedinperi-urbanareas.Studiesonthecorrelationbetweensocio-economicdevelopmentandeco-environmentalpreservationareinadequate.Thispaperanalyzesthelandscapepatternofperi-urbanareastoaddressthisissue.First,itstudiesthedifferentiationofeconomicdevelopmentlevelsinBeijingperi-urbanareas.Then,itexploresthecorrelationbetweeneconomicdevelopmentlevelofeachtownanditslandscapepatternusingPearsonCorrelationandgradedifferenceindices.Furthermore,itsummarizestheproblemswithincurrentlandscapepattern.Threeconclusionsaredrawnfromtheanalysis:(1)onthewhole,theeconomicde-velopmentlevelinBeijingperi-urbanareasbasicallymatcheswithlandscapepattern;(2)landscapecontagiondegreedecreaseswiththegrowthofeconomicdevelopmentlevelinasmuchas30%ofBeijingperi-urbanareas.Thisisanirrationalphenomenonaccord-ingtoourjudgment;(3)landscapefragmentationgradesinmorethanhalfofthetownsarehigherthantheireconomicdevelopmentgrades,suggestingthatattentionshouldbepaidtoexcessivefragmentationoflanduse.