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简介：KLOEisacquiringandanalyzinghundredsofterabytesofdata,storedastensofmillonsoffiles,Inordertosimplifytheaccesstothesedata,aURI-basedmechanismhasbeenputinplase,TheKIDpackageisanimplementationofthatmechanismandispresentedinthispaper.

简介：说出的比赛是为一种语言或一个通讯系统的自我组织的出现的nonequilibrium动力学的一个模型。我们学习扬声器与与exp成正比的可能性从它的库存在选择一个词的最小的说出游戏的一个修改版本(R*一)，在R是名字的成功比率的地方并且一是一个悦耳的参数。由调查效果一上为方形的格子和没有规模的网络的进化过程，我们发现集中时间与增加减少一上二联网，它显示成功的词的优先的选择能加速到达一致。更有趣地，为一>0，我们发现在集中之间的关系预定并且一展览一种幂定律形式。[从作者抽象]

简介：WegiveanintroductionforthebackgroundandmotivationoftheIntegratedPhotonics:ChallengesandPerspectivesfeature.Averybriefsummaryforthefiveinvitedreviewarticlescollectedinthisfeatureissueisalsogiven.

简介：Speakervariabilityisanimportantsourceofspeechvariationswhichmakescontinuousspeechrecognitionadifficulttask.Adaptingautomaticspeechrecognition(ASR)modelstothespeakervariationsisawell-knownstrategytocopewiththechallenge.AlmostallsuchtechniquesfocusondevelopingadaptationsolutionswithintheacousticmodelsoftheASRsystems.Althoughvariationsoftheacousticfeaturesconstituteanimportantportionoftheinter-speakervariations,theydonotcovervariationsatthephoneticlevel.Phoneticvariationsareknowntoformanimportantpartofvariationswhichareinfluencedbybothmicro-segmentalandsuprasegmentalfactors.Inter-speakerphoneticvariationsareinfluencedbythestructureandanatomyofaspeaker'sarticulatorysystemandalsohis/herspeakingstylewhichisdrivenbymanyspeakerbackgroundcharacteristicssuchasaccent,gender,age,socioeconomicandeducationalclass.Theeffectofinter-speakervariationsinthefeaturespacemaycauseexplicitphonerecognitionerrors.Theseerrorscanbecompensatedlaterbyhavingappropriatepronunciationvariantsforthelexiconentrieswhichconsiderlikelyphonemisclassificationsbesidespronunciation.Inthispaper,weintroducespeakeradaptivedynamicpronunciationmodels,whichgeneratedifferentlexiconsforvariousspeakerclustersanddifferentrangesofspeechrate.Themodelsarehybridsofspeakeradaptedcontextualrulesanddynamicgeneralizeddecisiontrees,whichtakeintoaccountwordphonologicalstructures,rateofspeech,unigramprobabilitiesandstresstogeneratepronunciationvariantsofwords.EmployingthesetofspeakeradapteddynamiclexiconsinaFarsi(Persian)continuousspeechrecognitiontaskresultsinworderrorratereductionsofasmuchas10.1%inaspeaker-dependentscenarioand7.4%inaspeaker-independentscenario.

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简介：Overthelast20years,siliconphotonicshasrevolutionizedthefieldofintegratedoptics,providinganovelandpowerfulplatformtobuildmass-producibleopticalcircuits.Oneofthemostattractiveaspectsofsiliconphotonicsisitsabilitytoprovideextremelysmallopticalcomponents,whosetypicaldimensionsareanorderofmagnitudesmallerthanthoseofopticalfiberdevices.Thisdimensiondifferencemakesthedesignoffiberto-chipinterfaceschallengingand,overtheyears,hasstimulatedconsiderabletechnicalandresearcheffortsinthefield.Fiber-to-siliconphotonicchipinterfacescanbebroadlydividedintotwoprinciplecategories:in-planeandout-of-planecouplers.Devicesfallingintothefirstcategorytypicallyofferrelativelyhighcouplingefficiency,broadcouplingbandwidth(inwavelength),andlowpolarizationdependencebutrequirerelativelycomplexfabricationandassemblyproceduresthatarenotdirectlycompatiblewithwafer-scaletesting.Conversely,out-of-planecouplingdevicesofferlowerefficiency,narrowerbandwidth,andareusuallypolarizationdependent.However,theyareoftenmorecompatiblewithhigh-volumefabricationandpackagingprocessesandallowforon-waferaccesstoanypartoftheopticalcircuit.Inthispaper,wereviewthecurrentstate-of-the-artofopticalcouplersforphotonicintegratedcircuits,aimingtogivetothereaderacomprehensiveandbroadviewofthefield,identifyingadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachsolution.Asfiber-to-chipcouplersareinherentlyrelatedtopackagingtechnologiesandtheco-designofopticalpackageshasbecomeessential,wealsoreviewthemainsolutionscurrentlyusedtopackageandassembleopticalfiberswithsilicon-photonicintegratedcircuits.

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简介：Thequicklyincreasingdatatransferloadrequiresanurgentrevolutionincurrentopticalcommunication.Orbitalangularmomentum（OAM）multiplexingisapotentialcandidatewithitsabilitytoconsiderablyenhancethecapacityofcommunication.However,thelackofacompact,efficient,andintegratedOAM（de）multiplexerpre-ventsitfrombeingwidelyapplied.Byattachingvortexgratingsontothefacetsofafew-modefiber,wedem-onstrateanintegratedfiber-basedOAM（de）multiplexer.AvortexgratingfabricatedonthefiberfacetenablesthedirectmultiplexingofOAMstatesatoneportandthedemultiplexingofOAMstatesattheotherport.Themeasuredbiterrorrateofthecarriersignalafterpropagatingthrougha5-kmfew-modefiberconfirmsthevalidityandeffectivenessoftheproposedapproach.Theschemeoffersadvantagesinfuturehigh-capacityOAMcom-municationbasedonopticalfiber.

简介：Theultrafastfiberlaserhasattractedagreatdealofresearchinterestduetoitslowcost,highefficiency,andsimplemaintenance.Opticalpassivedevicesarevitalpartsofafiberlaser.Inordertoobtainafiberlaserwithhighquality,opticalpassivedeviceswithhighperformancearerequired.Here,wedemonstrateahighlyintegratedopticaldevicewiththecombinationofasaturableabsorber(SA),coupler,isolator,wavelengthdivisionmultiplexer,anderbium-dopedfiber.Thebuilt-inSAhasamodulationdepthof7%andcanwithstandhighpumppowerduetotheuniquestructureoftheproposeddevice.Theproposeddeviceisappliedtoanultracompactfiberlaser,whichgreatlysimplifiesthelaserstructureandreducesthesizeoftheproposedlaser.Thecentralwavelength,pulseduration,repetitionrate,andsignal-to-noiseratiooftheoutputsolitonare1560nm,1.06ps,25.8MHz,and50dB,respectively.Theproposeddevicehasgreatpotentialforapplicationinhigh-powerandhigh-frequencyfiberlasers.Theproposedultracompactfiberlaserhasimportantapplicationsinopticalcommunication,opticalsensing,opticalfrequencycombs,andmicromachining.

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简介：Wedemonstratetheuseofstochasticcollocationtoassesstheperformanceofphotonicdevicesundertheeffectofuncertainty.Thisapproachcombineshighaccuracyandefficiencyinanalyzingdevicevariabilitywiththeeaseofimplementationofsampling-basedmethods.Itsflexibilitymakesitsuitabletobeappliedtoalargerangeofphotonicdevices.WecomparethestochasticcollocationmethodwithaMonteCarlotechniqueonanumericalanalysisofthevariabilityinsilicondirectionalcouplers.

简介：Wepresentintegrated-opticbuildingblocksandfunctionalphotonicdevicesbasedonamorphoussiliconon-insulatortechnology.Efficientdeep-etchedfiber-to-chipgratingcouplers,low-losssingle-modephotonicwirewaveguides,andcompactpowersplittersarepresented.Basedonthesub-μmphotonicwires,2×2Mach–Zehnderinterferometersandadd/dropmicroringresonators(MRRs)withlowdevicefootprintsandhighfinesseupto200wererealizedandstudied.Compactpolarizationrotatorsandsplitterswith≥10dBpolarizationextinctionratiowerefabricatedforthepolarizationmanagementon-chip.Thetuningandtrimmingcapabilitiesofthematerialplatformaredemonstratedwithefficientmicroheatersandapermanentdevicetrimmingmethod,whichenabledtherealizationofenergy-efficientphotoniccircuits.Wavelengthmultiplexersintheformofcascadedfilterbanksand4×4routersbasedonMRRswitchesarepresented.Fabricationimperfectionswereanalyzedandpermanentlycorrectedbyanaccuratelaser-trimmingmethod,thusenablingeight-channelmultiplexerswithrecordlowmetricsofsub-mWstaticpowerconsumptionand≤1°Ctemperatureoverhead.Thehighqualityofthefunctionaldevices,thehightuningefficiency,andtheexcellenttrimmingcapabilitiesdemonstratethepotentialtorealizelow-cost,denselyintegrated,andultralow-power3D-stackedphotoniccircuitsontopofCMOSmicroelectronics.

简介：Titaniumnitride(TiN)asarefractoryplasmonicmaterialisproposedtobeusedasanangle-insensitiveintegratedbroadbandsolarabsorberandnarrowbandnear-infrared(NIR)emitterforsolarthermo-photovoltaic(STPV)application.ByconstructingTiN-nanopatterns/dielectric/TiNstackmetamaterial,approximately93%lightabsorptioninawavelengthrangeof0.3–0.9μmandnearunitnarrowband(Δλ∕λ～0.3)emissioninNIR(～2μm)weredemonstratedbynumericalsimulation.Keepingtheexcellentlightabsorptioninthevisibleband,theemissionwavelengthcanbeeasilytunedbypatterningthetopTiNlayerintovarioussubwavelengthstructures.ThisdualfunctionattributestotheintrinsicabsorptionandplasmonicpropertyofTiN.Insuchanintegratedstructure,broadbandabsorptionandnarrowbandemissionneedtobebalancedforanoptimizedpowerefficiencyconversion.DetailedanalysishasdemonstratedthattheSTPVsystembasedonthisintegratedabsorber/emittercanexceedtheShockley–Queisserlimitat1000K.

简介：Photonic-assistedmicrowavefrequencyidentificationwithdistinctfeatures,includingwidefrequencycoverageandfasttunability,hasbeenconceivedasakeytechniqueforapplicationssuchascognitiveradioanddynamicspectrumaccess.Theimplementationsbasedoncompactintegratedphotonicchipshaveexhibiteddistinctadvantagesinfootprintminiaturization,lightweight,andlowpowerconsumption,instarkcontrastwithdiscreteoptical-fiber-basedrealization.However,reportedchip-basedinstantaneousfrequencymeasurementscanonlyoperateatasingle-toneinput,whichstringentlylimitstheirpracticalapplicationsthatrequirewidebandidentificationcapabilityinmodernRFandmicrowaveapplications.Inthisarticle,wedemonstrate,forthefirsttime,awideband,adaptivemicrowavefrequencyidentificationsolutionbasedonasiliconphotonicintegratedchip,enablingtheidentificationofdifferenttypesofmicrowavesignalsfrom1to30GHz,includingsingle-frequency,multiple-frequency,chirped-frequency,andfrequency-hoppingmicrowavesignals,andeventheircombinations.ThekeycomponentisahighQ-factorscanningfilterbasedonasiliconmicroringresonator,whichisusedtoimplementfrequency-to-timemapping.Thisdemonstrationopensthedoortoamonolithicsiliconplatformthatmakespossibleawideband,adaptive,andhigh-speedsignalidentificationsubsystemwithahighresolutionandalowsize,weight,andpower(SWaP)formobileandavionicapplications.

简介：Inordertoshortenaero-engineaxiallength,substitutingthetraditionallongchordthickstrutdesignaccompaniedwiththetraditionallowpressure(LP)stagenozzle,LPturbineisintegratedwithintermediateturbineduct(ITD).Inthecurrentpaper,fivevanesofthefirststageLPturbinenozzleisreplacedwithloadedstrutsforsupportingtheengineshaft,andprovidingoilpipescircumferentiallywhichfulfilledtheareo-enginestructurerequirement.However,theirbulkygeometricsizerepresentsamoreeffectiveobstacletoflowfromhighpressure(HP)turbinerotor.ThesefivestrutsgiveobviousinfluencefornotonlytheLPturbinenozzlebutalsotheflowfieldwithintheITD,andhencecausehigherloss.NumericalinvestigationhasbeenundertakentoobservetheinfluenceoftheNozzle-StrutintegrateddesignconceptontheflowfieldwithintheITDandthenearbynozzleblades.Accordingtothecomputationalresults,threemainconclusionsarefinallyobtained.Firstly,anoticeablelowspeedareaisformednearthestrut'sleadingedge,whichisnodoubtcausedbythepotentialfloweffects.Secondly,moresevereradialmigrationofboundarylayerflowadjacenttothestrut'spressuresidehavebeenfoundnearthenozzle'strailingedge.Suchboundarylayermigrationisobvious,especiallyclosetotheshrouddomain.Meanwhile,radialpressuregradientaggravatesthisphenomenon.Thirdly,velocitydistributionalongthestrut'spressuresideonnozzle'ssuctionsurfacediffers,whichmeansloadingvariationofthenozzle.Anditwillnodoubtcausenonuniformflowfieldfacedbythedownstreamrotorblade.

简介：Ametallicnanostructuredarraythatscattersradiationtowardathinmetalliclayergeneratessurfaceplasmonresonancesfornormallyincidentlight.Thelocationoftheminimumofthespectralreflectivityservestodetectchangesintheindexofrefractionofthemediumunderanalysis.Thenormalincidenceoperationeasesitsintegrationwithopticalfibers.Thegeometryofthearrangementandthematerialselectionarechangedtooptimizesomeperformanceparametersassensitivity,figureofmerit,fieldenhancement,andspectralwidth.Thisoptimizationtakesintoaccountthefeasibilityofthefabrication.Theevaluatedresultsofsensitivity（1020nm/RIU）andfigureofmerit(614RIU-1)arecompetitivewiththosepreviouslyreported.

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