简介：·AIM:Toreportvariousocularinjuriescausedbydurianfruit.·METHODS:Threecasesofocularinjuriesweredescribedinyoungpatients,duetoaccidentalfallofdurianfruitontheforeheadandface,whiletheyweretakingrest/sleeping/playingundertheduriantree.·RESULTS:Theocularinjuriesobservedwerelaceratinginjuryofcorneawithirisincarceration,hyphema,superficialpenetratinginjuryofscleraandanglerecessionglaucomaintherighteyeoffirstpatient;laceratinginjuryofcorneawithirisprolapseinthelefteyeofsecondpatient;subconjunctivalhaemorrhage,traumaticmydriasisandsuperficialpenetratinginjuryofsclera,commotionretinopathyandmacularedemainthelefteyeofthirdpatient.Visionimprovedtonormalinalltheeyesfollowingsurgical/medical/opticaltreatment.·CONCLUSION:Evidenceofpenetratinginjury(becauseofthorns)andbluntinjury(becauseofweight)canbeseenintheeyeswhendurianfruitfallsontheface.Visioncanberecoveredfullywithimmediateandappropriatetreatmentinthesecases.Theocularinjuriescanbepreventedbyeducatingthepublictowearprotectivemetalframewidegogglesandnottosleep/takerestundertheduriantree.

简介：<正>今天许多种类的内窥镜已应用于临床诊断。由于优良的光源和光导系统使得精确的观察成为现实。手术可以在电视屏幕下操作,并获得优质的屏幕影像和内窥镜手术像片资料。1959年HopkinsHH博士发明了棒状透镜,1960年StorzK.在此基础上添加了光导纤维,这些形成了现代内窥镜突破性进展。本文总结了与内窥镜发明者StorzK.的谈话内容。早期的内窥镜是JacksonC.医学博士设计的,在许多年内,这个设计没有进一步改进。培养一个内窥镜医师需要许多年时间在实验室用很讲究的方

简介：AIM:Totestthehypothesisthatamblyopicneuroretinamayhaveanalteredthicknesswhencomparedtothenormal.·METHODS:Twenty-fiveamblyopic,youngpatientsbetweentheagesof7and11yearsoldwerestudied.Theinterestedneuroretinaareasaredefinedinto10sub-regionsaccordingtosuperior-inferior,nasal-temoral,andperi-paraaxis,whichcrossthefovelastructure.Thethicknessesoften,definedmacularregionswereseparatelymeasuredbyopticalcoherencetomography(OCT)andanalyzedbyt-test.·RESULTS:Theaveragethicknessofneuroretinaintheexactfoveolaoftheamblyopiceyesislargerthanthatofnormaleyes(P<0.05),buttheothernineregionshavenosignificantdifference.Interestingly,inboththenormalandamblyopiceyes,thetemporalarealooksthinnerthanotherquadrants(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:Thicknessalterationmaybeassociatedwithamblyopicdisordersinyoungpatients.Studyingalargervolumeofsubjectsofsimilarageisrequiredtoconfirmthisobservation.

简介：<正>淋菌性结膜炎是淋病双球菌(奈瑟淋球菌)感染所致的一种传染性极强的眼部疾病,成人多为自身感染,新生儿则通过患有淋菌性阴道炎、宫颈炎的母体产道分泌物直接传染。现将我院1995年至1997年间诊治的6例新生儿淋菌性结膜炎报告如下。

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheregulationofEaf2proteininmouselenscellsapoptosisinducedbyultraviolet(UV)radiation.METHODS:AneyeofEaf2geneknockoutmiceornormalcontrolmicewasexposedtoUVradiation,andtheotheronewasnon-exposed.AlloflenseswereanalyzedbyTUNELandcaspase3activityassaystodeterminethedifferenceoftheapoptosisinducedbyUVradiation.Inaddition,exposedandnon-exposedlenseswereanalyzedbyquantifiedp53expressionandreal-timereversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)ofBax,Bid,Apaf-1,PumaandNoxa,tocompareEaf2geneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmice.RESULTS:UVradiationcausedapoptosisoflenscellsinnormalcontrolmiceandEaf2knockoutmice.Activityofcaspase3wassignificantlyhigherinnormalcontrolmicethanEaf2knockoutmice.Expressionofp53proteinwassignificantlyhigherinlensesexposedtoUVradiationthannonexposedlenses,butwassimilarbetweenEaf2geneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmiceinthesameUVcondition.AfterexposingtoUVradiation,theanalysisofreal-timeRT-PCRdemonstratedthatmRNAlevelsofPumaandNoxaweresignificantlyhigherinlensesofnormalcontrolmicethanEaf2geneknockoutmice,andthatmRNAlevelsofBax,BidandApaf-1werenotsignificantlydifferentbetweengeneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmice.CONCLUSION:Eaf2increaseslenscellsapoptosisinducedbyultravioletradiation.AndEaf2up-regulatesexpressionofthePumaandtheNoxatoactonlenscellsapoptosisafterUVradiation.

简介：目的：评价加压泪道冲洗对新生儿泪囊炎的临床治疗效果。方法：在门诊治疗中对3mo以上的新生儿泪囊炎280例340眼进行泪道冲洗，随机分为2组，A组140例164眼采用常规方法冲洗，B组140例176眼进行加压泪道冲洗，对比并观察冲洗治疗效果。结果：A组冲洗1～3次通畅9眼（5．5％）；冲洗4次以上通畅14眼（8．5％）；需加泪道探通141眼（86．0％）。B组冲洗1～3次通畅128眼（72．7％）；冲洗4次以上通畅31眼（17．6％），需加泪道探通术17眼（9．7％）。改良方法的成功率明显高于常规方法。

简介：<正>DearSir,IamDr.Sheng-LiMi,fromtheBiomanufacturingengineeringlaboratory,GraduateSchoolatShenzhen,TsinghuaUniversity,Shenzhen,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofnocardiabrasiliensisinapatientwithdiabetes.Nocardiaispartofagroupofaerobicactinomycetes,widelydistributedinsoil.Nocardiaasteroidsandnocardiabrasiliensisarethemostcommonhumanpathogens.Humansinfectedbynocardiaasteroidsthroughtherespiratorytractmainlysufferfromprimarysuppurativepulmonaryconditions.Infectionofnocardiabrasiliensisoftenoccursintheadvancedstagesofaprogressivediseaseorimmunedisorder,especiallyCushingsyndrome,diabetes,orinpatientsusingcorticosteroids,immunosuppressiveagentsandbroad-spectrumantibioticsforlongtime[1].Toourknowledge,thereportsofnocardiakeratitiswasveryrare

简介：AIM:Todescribethecharacteristicsofmodulationtransferfunction(MTF)ofanteriorcornealsurface,andobtainthethenormalreferencerangeofMTFatdifferentspatialfrequenciesandopticalzonesoftheanteriorcornealsurfaceinmyopes.·METHODS:Fourhundredeyesfrom200patientswereexaminedunderSIRIUScornealtopographysystem.PhoenisanalysissoftwarewasappliedtosimulatetheMTFcurvesofanteriorcornealsurfaceatverticalandhorizontalmeridiansatthe3,4,5,6,7mmopticalzonesofcornea.TheMTFvaluesatspatialfrequenciesof5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55and60cycles/degree(c/d)wereselected.·RESULTS:TheMTFcurveofanteriorcornealsurfacedecreasedrapidlyfromlowtointermediatefrequency(0-15cpd)atvariousopticalzonesofcornea,thevaluedecreasedto0slowlyathigherfrequency(>15cpd).Withtheincreaseoftheopticalzonesofcornea,MTFcurvedecreasedgradually.3)Intherangeof3mm-6mmopticalzonesofthecornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianweregreaterthanthecorrespondingvaluesathorizontalmeridianofeachspatialfrequency,thedifferencewasstatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).At7mmopticalzonesofcornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianwerelessthanthecorrespondingvaluesatverticalmeridianat10-60spatialfrequencies(cpd),andthedifferencewasstatisticallysignificantin25,30,35,40,45,50cpd(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:MTFcanbeusedtodescribetheimagingqualityofopticalsystemsatanteriorcornealsurfaceobjectivelyindetail.

简介：目的：对比分析伴虹膜异色的青光眼睫状体炎综合征与Fuchs综合征患者的临床表现及特点,对两种疾病的鉴别要点作出分析及总结,利于临床医生对这两种疾病进行鉴别诊断。方法：对本院自2000年至今收治住院的3例伴虹膜异色的青光眼睫状体炎综合征（Posner-Schlossman’ssyndrome,PSS）患者进行详细的临床检查及研究,根据其临床资料总结出该病的临床特点,并对伴虹膜异色的PSS与Fuchs综合征的鉴别要点作出分析及总结。结果：共收集了3例伴虹膜异色的PSS患者,均为单眼反复发病,病程均在10a以上,发作时眼压明显升高,可达30.00～60.00mmHg,持续时间一般为3～7d,可自行缓解或用药后缓解,间歇期眼压正常,该3例患者除了具有典型的PSS表现外,虹膜均轻度异色。总结了该病在发作期及间歇期的临床表现,从发病情况、眼压波动情况、KP形态、晶状体情况、眼底及视功能情况详细论述了伴虹膜异色的青光眼睫状体炎综合征与Fuchs综合征的区别,并针对两种疾病的治疗提出了不同建议。结论：结合我们所提出的鉴别要点,对患者进行详细的临床检查,可以对这两种疾病进行鉴别诊断。

简介：AIM:Tocomparetheregularityandaccuracyoflaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK)flapscreatedbytheZiemerFEMTOLDV'Classic'(Ziemer'Classic')andZiemerFEMTOLDVCrystalLinefemtosecondlaser(ZiemerCrystalLine).METHODS:Fourier-domainopticalcoherencetomography(RTVueOCT)wasusedtomeasurethemorphologyof200LASIKflapsof100consecutivepatientscreatedwiththeZiemerClassic(100flaps)ortheZiemerCrystalLine(100flaps)atoneweekpostoperatively.Flapthicknesswasevaluatedat36specifiedmeasurementpointsoneachflap.Forallprocedureswithbothlasers,thenominalflapthicknesswas110μm.RESULTS:ThemeanflapthicknessoftheZiemerCrystalLinegroup(102.49±2.68μm)wasthinnerthanthatoftheZiemerClassicgroup(107.65±5.09μm)(P<0.01).Averagethicknessofallflapswasuniformwithin4μmatallmeasurementpoints.TheflapsintheZiemerCrystalLinegroupweremoreregularthanthoseintheZiemerClassicgroupwhenmeasuredfromthecentertotheperiphery.Themaximumdeviationfromthenominal110μmof36measurementswas8μmintheZiemerClassicgroup,whileintheZiemerCrystalLinegroupitwas9μm.Withinthe3600measurementsonthe100eyes,differencesgreaterthan20μmwereobserved0.14%intheZiemerClassicgroup,and0.04%intheZiemerCrystalLinegroup.CONCLUSION:TheflapscreatedwiththeZiemerFEMTOLDVCrystalLinefemtosecondlaseraremoreuniformandthinnerthanthosecreatedbytheZiemerFEMTOLDVClassicfemtosecondlaser.

简介：目的探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstemaudioevokedpotential,BAEP)在婴儿耳聋早期诊断的应用价值.方法500例婴儿从出生到6wk内耳声发射(otoacousticemissions,OAE)3次未通过者,拟诊耳聋的患儿进行听阈及BAEP检查.如听阈在65dBSPL以上或BAEP异常者,1～2个月后来复查.如患儿月龄在6-12个月以上,听阈仍在65dBSPL以上者就进行干预及治疗.结果1000耳中正常98耳、轻度耳聋515耳、中度耳聋234耳、重度耳聋80耳、极聋72耳.1～2个月后来复查的有754耳,正常的占233耳、轻度耳聋271耳、中度耳聋203耳、重度耳聋23耳、极度耳聋24耳.与首次比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论BAEP检查可以检测婴幼儿听力损害的程度,及跟踪随访,并早期干预,早期治疗及早期语言训练成为可能,使患儿聋而不哑.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheaccuracyofintraocularpressure(IOP)asmeasuredbyaReichertOcularResponseAnalyzer(ORA),aswellastherelationshipbetweencentralcornealthickness(CCT)andIOPasmeasuredbyORA,Goldmannapplanationtonometry(GAT),anddynamiccontourtonometry(DCT).·METHODS:Atotalof158healthyindividuals(296eyes)werechosenrandomlyformeasurementofIOP.AfterCCTwasmeasuredusingA-ultrasound(A-US),IOPwasmeasuredbyORA,GAT,andDCTdevicesinarandomizedorder.TheIOPvaluesacquiredusingeachofthethreetonometrieswerecompared,andtherelationshipbetweenCCTandIOPvalueswereanalyzedseparately.TwoIOPvalues,Goldmann-correlatedIOPvalue(IOPg)andcorneal-compensatedintraocularpressure(IOPcc),weregotusingORA.ThreegroupsweredefinedaccordingtoCCT:1)thincornea(CCT<520μm);2)normal-thicknesscornea(CCT:520-580μm);and3)thickcornea(CCT>580μm)groups.·RESULTS:Innormalsubjects,IOPmeasurementswere14.95±2.99mmHgwithORA(IOPg),15.21±2.77mmHgwithORA(IOPcc),15.22±2.77mmHgwithGAT,and15.49±2.56mmHgwithDCT.Meandifferenceswere0.01±2.29mmHgbetweenIOPccandGAT(P>0.05)and0.28±2.20mmHgbetweenIOPccandDC(P>0.05).TherewasagreatercorrelationbetweenIOPccandDCT(r=0.946,P=0.000)thanthatbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.845,P=0.000).DCThadasignificantcorrelationwithGAT(r=0.854,P=0.000).GATwasmoderatelycorrelatedwithCCT(r=0.296,P<0.001),whileIOPccshowedaweakbutsignificantcorrelationwithCCT(r=0.155,P=0.007).TherewasastrongnegativecorrelationbetweenCCTandthedifferencebetweenIOPccandGAT(r=-0.803,P=0.000),withevery10increaseinCCTresultinginanincreaseinthisdifferenceof0.35mmHg.Thethickcorneagroup(CCT>580μm)showedtheleastsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.859,P=0.000);whilethethincorneagroup(CCT<520μm)hadthemostsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.926,P=0.000).ThecorrelateddifferencesbetweenIOPccan

简介：目的探讨用冲洗式泪道探通联合左氧氟沙星眼用凝胶注入术治疗新生儿泪囊炎的临床效果。方法对2009年我院眼科门诊就诊并记录的38例46眼新生儿泪囊炎患儿,首先使用泪囊区挤压按摩及泪道加压冲洗法治疗,未愈者继而使用冲洗式泪道探通联合左氧氟沙星眼用凝胶注入术,术中左氧氟沙星眼用凝胶充满泪囊,术后追踪随访并观察疗效。结果46眼均经过泪囊区挤压按摩及泪道加压冲洗治疗,治愈17眼,治愈率为36.96%;29眼行冲洗式泪道探通联合左氧氟沙星眼用凝胶注入术治愈28眼,治愈率为96.55%;无效1眼。结论对于用常规方法不能治愈的新生儿泪囊炎,选用冲洗式泪道探通联合左氧氟沙星眼用凝胶注入术的临床疗效是肯定的,值得临床推广。

简介：目的探讨泪道探通术联合妥布霉素滴眼液冲洗治疗新生儿泪囊炎的临床疗效。方法对2012年2月至2014年2月在我院眼科就诊的88例（103眼）采用泪囊挤压按摩等保守治疗不能治愈的新生儿泪囊炎患儿，给予泪道探通、联合妥布霉素滴眼液冲洗等方法治疗，术后追踪随访并观察疗效。结果88例103眼全部治愈，其中1次治愈54只眼（52．43％），2次治愈35例（33．98％），3次治愈11眼（10．68％），3次以上治愈3例（2．91％）。结论对于保守治疗不能治愈的新生儿泪囊炎患者采用泪道探通术联合妥布霉素滴眼液冲洗治疗，操作简单，安全有效，应作为治疗新生儿泪囊炎的首选。

简介：AIM:Toassesstheeffectofmyopiaonthethicknessofretinalnervefiberlayer(RNFL)measuredby3Dopticalcoherencetomography(3D-OCT)inagroupofnonglaucomatousChinesesubjects.METHODS:Twohundredandfifty-eighteyesof258healthyChinesemyopicindividualswererecruitedandfourgroupswereclassifiedaccordingtotheirsphericalequivalent(SE):lowmyopia(n=42,-0.50

简介：目的：探讨新生儿泪囊炎行泪道探通术的手术时机及其安全性。方法：采用回顾性系列病例研究,对2009-01/2010-06在我院门诊就诊的137例165眼新生儿泪囊炎治疗情况进行分析。结果：本研究137例165眼,患儿年龄≤3月龄者64眼,其中加压探通治愈16眼,1次探通治愈48眼;～6月龄者68眼,其中加压冲洗治愈4眼,1次探通治愈62眼,2次探通治愈1眼,1例1眼未随诊;～12月龄者24眼,1次探通治愈12眼,2次探通治愈8眼,3次探通治愈2眼,未随诊2例2眼;～18月龄者9眼,其中1次探通治愈6眼,2次探通治愈3眼。结论：新生儿泪囊炎患者,若患儿身体发育正常,年龄〉2月龄者应尽早行泪道探通术,且安全可行。

简介：青光眼是全球第二大致盲眼病,是不可逆性盲最主要原因,而原发性闭角型青光眼（primaryangleclosure[1]glaucoma,PACG）是我国最主要的青光眼类型。原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的发病机制复杂。PACG发病的主要危险因素是晶状体位置偏前、前房变浅而导致的瞳孔阻滞。此外,周边虹膜肥厚以及睫状体位置前移也是PACG发病的常见危险因素。

简介：目的观察联合手术治疗白内障合并青光眼的疗效。方法78例（81眼）闭角型青光眼合并白内障的患者行超声乳化、折叠型人工晶体植入术联合小梁切除及房角分离术;观察术后视力,眼压,滤过以及术后并发症的情况。结果术后三月视力提高65只眼,有效率80.24%,术后视力较术前提高（P〈0.05）;术后六月视力提高69只眼,有效率85.19%,术后视力较术前提高（p〈0.05）,术后六月本组病例的眼压控制率为97.53%。术后六个月68眼形成扁平滤过泡。手术后并发症有：角膜水肿、前房无菌性炎症、前房出血等,经治疗后缓解。讨论超声乳化、折叠型人工晶体植入术联合小梁切除及房角分离术是一种有效而安全的手术方式。

简介：目的:用过碘酸雪夫氏(PeriodicAcid-Schiff,PAS)染色法比较4%多聚甲醛固定液、4%戊二醛固定液和Davidson固定液固定豚鼠眼球的固定效果,筛选最佳眼球固定液和固定时间。方法:取正常豚鼠眼球分6组,每组5只,I组眼球放入4%多聚甲醛固定液固定24h、域组眼球放入4%戊二醛固定液固定24h;Ⅲ~V组眼球放入Davidson固定液分别固定3、6、24h;遇组眼球在Davidson固定液中固定3h后转移到10%中性甲醛中再固定48h。常规制片、PAS染色、显微镜观察,比较不同固定方法对组织的固定效果。结果:Davidson固定液固定3h的固定效果最为理想,Davidson固定液固定3h后转移到10%中性甲醛再固定48h的固定效果与Davidson固定液固定3h的固定效果接近,这两组固定液固定的眼球切片均结构完整、层次清晰,视网膜各层细胞排列整齐。结论:Davidson固定液对豚鼠眼球的固定效果明显优于其他两种固定液,豚鼠眼球用Davidson固定液固定后,可将其转移到中性甲醛中长期保存,其固定效果不受影响。

简介：目的：评估和比较白内障超声乳化摘出术的常规爆破、扭动爆破及扭动持续模式的临床疗效。方法：选取晶状体核硬度芋~郁级的白内障159例159眼,随机分为常规爆破组41例41眼、扭动爆破组63例63眼及扭动持续组55例55眼,分别采用常规爆破、扭动爆破及扭动持续模式的白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术,比较三组术前及术后2wk角膜内皮细胞计数、角膜内皮细胞损失率、累积能量复合参数（cumulativedissipatedenergy,CDE）以及最佳矫正视力的情况。结果：术后2wk,芋级核和郁级核常规爆破组的CDE均明显少于扭动爆破组和扭动持续组（P〈0.05）;角膜内皮细胞损失率常规爆破组明显大于其余两组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;平均最佳矫正视力：三组组间比较均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论：常规爆破模式、扭动爆破模式及扭动持续模式均能有效、安全的实施白内障超声乳化摘出手术,视力提高无明显差异,但相比较而言,扭动爆破及扭动持续模式效率更高,对角膜内皮的保护也更好。