简介：目的：了解河北省磁县地区7～18岁青少年屈光状态的特征，为青少年近视防控工作提供科学依据。方法：对河北省磁县部分学区37700名学生进行视力、电脑验光、插片、眼前节及眼底检查。结果：河北省磁县地区7～18岁青少年各学龄段视力低常率有显著差异；屈光不正率有显著差异；远视、近视患病比例有显著差异。结论：随着年龄的增长，青少年的屈光状态在不断变化。青少年远视患者逐渐减少，近视患者逐渐增多。需追踪观察以保护视力及屈光状态的变化，做出正确处理。

简介：目的：观察翼状胬肉术后角膜屈光改变及屈光状态趋于稳定的时间。方法：随机选择翼状胬肉切除患者46例54眼，术前、术后3，7，14，30，90d行角膜地形图检查，并进行统计分析。结果：翼状胬肉术后散光度较术前显著下降，术后3d与术后其他观察阶段相比，最陡径上的K值（Ks值）、散光度差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05），术后7d及以后各观察阶段之间两两比较，Ks值、最平径上的K值（Kf值）、散光度差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。结论：翼状胬肉术后7d角膜屈光状态基本稳定。

简介：AIM:Toassessthequantitativeassociationbetweenanisometropiamagnitude(AM)andthelossesofresolutionandcontrastsensitivity;andtoexemplifyhowthefunctionoffusionandstereopsisvarywithAMinpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia.METHODS:Atotalof57patientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopiawithoutstrabismus(range:8-35years),weremeasuredrefractiveerror,bestcorrectedvisualacuity(BCVA),fusionandstereopsis,and48patientshavecompletedcontrastsensitivityfunctiontest.AMwasdeterminedbydioptricvectoradditionmodel,andtheamblyopiadepthwasdeterminedbythedifferenceofBCVAinlogMARunitsbetweentheamblyopicandfelloweyes.RESULTS:AMwassignificantlycorrelatedwithbothamblyopiadepth(PearsonR=0.728,P<0.001)andtheinter-oculardifferenceoftheareaunderthelogcontrastsensitivityfunction(AULCSF)(R=0.505,P<0.001).Depthofamblyopiaandtheinter-oculardifferenceofAULCSFwasalsosignificantlycorrelated(R=0.761,P<0.001).Themoreseverityofamblyopia,thepoorerlevelsofcontrastsensitivity.MostpureanisometropeswithAMwaslessthan3.0Dretainfusionandsomestereopsis,butwhenAMweremorethan3.0D,especiallyfortheanisometropeswhoseAMwasmorethan6.0D,fusionandstereopsisfunctionwereseriouslyimpaired.CONCLUSION:Inthepatientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia,higherdegreeofanisometropiaissignificantlyassociatedwithdeeperamblyopia,worsecontrastsensitivity,fusionandstereopsisfunctions.

简介：目的：观察两种不同方法治疗急性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法：回顾性研究，收集我院2010—01／2012—12诊断为急性闭角型青光眼115例115眼患者，分为观察组和对照组，其中45例45眼行前房穿刺术减压后再行小梁切除术治疗，列为观察组，70例70眼行药物减压后，再行小梁切除术治疗，列为对照组，比较两组患者治疗效果。术后观察视力、眼压、并发症等。结果：两组患者治疗前后眼压的差异均具有显著的统计学意义（P〈0．05）；所有眼术后视力均有所提高，术后观察组视力恢复较对照组好，比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：采取前房穿刺术联合小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼疗效好。

简介：AIM:Tocomparetheregularityandaccuracyoflaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK)flapscreatedbytheZiemerFEMTOLDV'Classic'(Ziemer'Classic')andZiemerFEMTOLDVCrystalLinefemtosecondlaser(ZiemerCrystalLine).METHODS:Fourier-domainopticalcoherencetomography(RTVueOCT)wasusedtomeasurethemorphologyof200LASIKflapsof100consecutivepatientscreatedwiththeZiemerClassic(100flaps)ortheZiemerCrystalLine(100flaps)atoneweekpostoperatively.Flapthicknesswasevaluatedat36specifiedmeasurementpointsoneachflap.Forallprocedureswithbothlasers,thenominalflapthicknesswas110μm.RESULTS:ThemeanflapthicknessoftheZiemerCrystalLinegroup(102.49±2.68μm)wasthinnerthanthatoftheZiemerClassicgroup(107.65±5.09μm)(P<0.01).Averagethicknessofallflapswasuniformwithin4μmatallmeasurementpoints.TheflapsintheZiemerCrystalLinegroupweremoreregularthanthoseintheZiemerClassicgroupwhenmeasuredfromthecentertotheperiphery.Themaximumdeviationfromthenominal110μmof36measurementswas8μmintheZiemerClassicgroup,whileintheZiemerCrystalLinegroupitwas9μm.Withinthe3600measurementsonthe100eyes,differencesgreaterthan20μmwereobserved0.14%intheZiemerClassicgroup,and0.04%intheZiemerCrystalLinegroup.CONCLUSION:TheflapscreatedwiththeZiemerFEMTOLDVCrystalLinefemtosecondlaseraremoreuniformandthinnerthanthosecreatedbytheZiemerFEMTOLDVClassicfemtosecondlaser.

简介：目的探讨舒适护理在急性闭角型青光眼手术患者中的应用效果。方法将我科未开展舒适护理模式的2008年3月-2009年12月66例患者设为对照组，已开展舒适护理的2010年3月-2011年11月92例患者设为观察组。对照组给予常规护理和指导，观察组在常规护理的基础上，采用舒适护理方式并评价其效果。结果通过对青光眼患者的舒适护理干预，观察组焦虑状况低于对照组，病人舒适度高于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），观察组满意率明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）结论舒适护理可以增加患者的舒适程度，减轻负性情绪，对疾病的治疗、康复起积极作用。同时，有利于增进医患关系的和谐，提高护理满意率。

简介：对于原发性开角型青光眼（POAG），治疗的基本原则是通过药物、手术或激光等方式降低眼压，但是患者的日常生活习惯对治疗后眼压的控制、病情的缓解有着不可忽视的影响。日常生活中影响眼压和POAG病情发展的相关因素主要有饮酒、吸烟、运动、肥胖和饮用咖啡、茶等。本文主要就流行病学调查方面研究结果，进行了分析总结，提出在日常生活方面的注意事项，给眼科医生提供相关信息，给患者提供生活指导。

简介：目的比较急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSC）的患侧与对侧眼视网膜频域相干光断层扫描（OCT）的图像特征。方法应用频域OCT对30例（60眼）单眼发病急性CSC患者患侧和对侧眼的黄斑部视网膜显微结构进行检测，比较患侧组与对侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度、光感受器层（IS／OS层）、视网膜色素上皮（RPE）形态差异。结果所有30例患者患侧眼均有不同程度黄斑部视网膜浆液性脱离，对侧眼中有4眼（13．3％）存在轻度视网膜浆液性脱离；患侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度均值为（95．32±24．87）μm，对侧组为（98．80±14．36）μm，两组差异无统计学意义（t=1．627，P=0．110）。患侧组中IS／OS层厚度均匀一致者12眼（40．0％），对侧组20眼（66．7％）；患侧组IS／OS层厚度均匀一致伴内外节缺损、不均、凸起增厚者共18眼（60．O％），对侧组共10眼（33．3％），差异有统计学意义（X2=4．28，P=0．038）。患侧组中出现RPE异常者有24眼（80．0％），对侧组中有8眼（26．7％），差异有统计学意义（x。=17．143，P=0．000）。结论频域OCT能清晰显示急性CSC患者的细微病理结构改变，单眼发病CSC患者中一部分对侧眼存在IS／OS层和RPE异常，但是其发生率较患侧眼低。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2013，13：165—167）

简介：目的评价小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者的安全性和有效性.方法对29例（29眼）急性闭角型青光合并白内障患者,在眼压控制正常、稳定,皮质类固醇局部抗炎,葡萄膜炎症得到显著控制后,行小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,术后随访6～12个月.结果术后眼压正常,视功能较术前有不同程度的改善.术中并发症有剪除周边虹膜时少量出血,术后并发症有角膜水肿（后弹力层皱褶）、葡萄膜炎、人工晶状体表面渗出膜等,无暴发性脉络膜出血、前房延缓形成、角膜失代偿、睫状环阻滞性青光眼等并发症发生.结论急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,在眼压正常、葡萄膜炎症控制后,行小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,对控制患眼眼压,减少术后前房延缓形成,角膜失代偿等并发症的发生,以及不同程度的保护和恢复视功能方面有积极的意义和较好的临床效果.本手术是安全和有效的,且费用低廉,尤其适合基层开展.

简介：AIM:Toaddressissuesininteroperabilitybetweendifferentfundusimagesystems,weproposedawebeyepicturearchivingandcommunicationsystem(PACS)frameworkinconformancewithdigitalimagingandcommunicationinmedicine(DICOM)andhealthlevel7(HL7)protocoltorealizefundusimagesandreportssharingandcommunicationthroughinternet.METHODS:Firstly,atelemedicine-basedeyecareworkflowwasestablishedbasedonintegratingthehealthcareenterprise(IHE)EyeCaretechnicalframework.Then,abrowser/serverarchitectureeye-PACSsystemwasestablishedinconformancewiththewebaccesstoDICOMpersistentobject(WADO)protocol,whichcontainsthreetiers.RESULTS:Inanyclientsysteminstalledwithwebbrowser,clinicianscouldlogintheeye-PACStoobservefundusimagesandreports.Multipurposeinternetmailextensions(MIME)typeofastructuredreportissavedaspdf/htmlwithreferencelinktorelevantfundusimageusingtheWADOsyntaxcouldprovideenoughinformationforclinicians.Somefunctionsprovidedbyopen-sourceOviyamcouldbeusedtoquery,zoom,move,measure,viewOICOMfundusimages.CONCLUSION:Suchwebeye-PACSincompliancetoWADOprotocolcouldbeusedtostoreandcommunicatefundusimagesandreports,thereforeisofgreatsignificanceforteleophthalmology.

简介：目的：探讨激光周边虹膜成形术（laserperipheraliridoplasty,LPIP）治疗急性闭角型青光眼（acuteangle-closureglaucoma,AACG）急性发作期药物不能控制的高眼压持续状态中的疗效。方法：原发性急性闭角型青光眼67例69眼发作期药物治疗3～6h后眼压仍〉30mmHg时,行LPIP治疗。监测术前和术后30,60min和2h眼压、视力变化。应用UBM测量术前、术后2h房角宽度和虹膜厚度,并应用房角镜观察前房角粘连情况。结果：LPIP后2h,房角开放距离（AOD）较术前明显增大（P〈0.01）,小梁虹膜夹角（TIA）增宽、部分患者周边虹膜前粘连（PAS）减少、周边虹膜变薄。所有患者眼压在激光虹膜成形术后不同时间均有不同程度下降。术前平均眼压53.81±10.22mmHg,术后30min平均眼压33.81±9.22mmHg,术后60min为21.93±7.19mmHg,2h后眼压下降至15.16±3.07mmHg,治疗前后差异有显著统计学意义（F=151.79,P〈0.01）。同时所有患者视力都有所提高。结论：LPIP可以明显加深患者的周边前房,增宽房角入口,降低患者眼压,是治疗AACG急性发作期药物不能控制高眼压持续状态的重要辅助措施,为青光眼的进一步治疗创造了条件,并且能够改善预后。

简介：目的：评价并比较180°和360°选择性激光小梁成形术（selectivelasertrabeculoplasty,SLT）治疗原发性开角型青光眼（primaryopenangleglaucoma,POAG）的临床效果。方法：POAG患者60例60眼,分别采用532nm倍频Q-开关Nd：YAG激光治疗仪,以光斑400μm,脉冲时间3ns,能量0.3～1.2mJ行180°和360°SLT。观察患者术后6mo的眼压变化。结果：两组患者眼压在激光治疗后均有显著下降,180°组患者术前平均眼压为25.6±2.0mmHg（1kPa=7.5mmHg）,术后1h;1d;1wk;1,3,6mo眼压分别为27.1±2.1,16.5±1.9,19.6±1.9,18.5±1.8,19.9±1.9,20.3±1.8mmHg。360°组患者术前平均眼压为25.4±2.1mmHg,术后对应时间点眼压分别为26.6±1.9,15.9±2.0,19.0±2.0,17.8±1.9,18.7±2.0,19.2±1.9mmHg。两组术后1d;1wk;1,3,6mo的眼压与术前相比明显下降,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。术后两组各时间点眼压的平均下降幅度比较,360°组较180°组术后眼压的平均下降幅度更大,其中术后3mo和6mo差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：360°SLT治疗POAG的疗效可能优于180°SLT。

简介：AIM:Todeterminewhethersinglenucleotidepolymorphism(SNP)rs641153isassociatedwiththeriskofage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),weperformedasystematicmeta-analysisof15eligiblestudies.SNPinthecomplementfactorB(CFB)geneisconsideredtohavesignificantassociationwithAMDsusceptibility,butthereisgreatdiscrepancyintheseresults.METHODS:TheeligiblestudieswereidentifiedbysearchingthedatabasesofPubMed,EMBASE,andWebofScience.Oddsratios(ORs)with95%confidenceintervals(CIs)wereusedtoassesstheassociation.AlldatawereanalyzedusingStatasoftware.RESULTS:Theassociationbetweenrs641153andAMDriskwasstatisticallysignificantunderthehomozygousmodel(AAvsGG:OR=0.26,95%CI=0.15-0.45,P_h=0.973,/~2=0.0%,fixedeffects),dominantmodel(AA+GAvsGG:OR=0.49,95%CI=0.40-0.59,P_h=0.004,/~2=56.4%,randomeffects)andrecessivemodel(AAvsGA+GG:OR=0.30,95%CI=0.17-0.51,R_n=0.983,I~2=0.0%,fixedeffects).Thesameresultswerealsoobservedinthestratifiedanalysesbyethnicity,sourceofcontrolandsamplesize.CONCLUSION:Ourmeta-analysissuggeststhatrs641153intheCFBgenemayplayaprotectiveroleinAMDsusceptibility,thelateAMDinparticular,bothinCaucasiansandinAsians.

简介：AIM:Tomeasurecentralcornealthickness(CCT)andpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessusingtheGalileidualScheimpfluganalyzer(GSA)inNewZealandWhiterabbits.METHODS:TennormalNewZealandWhiterabbits(20eyes)wereincludedinthisstudy.Withtheassistanceof0.1%fluorescein,thepre-cornealtearfilmcanbewellvisualized.BotheyesofeachrabbitwerescannedoncewiththeGSApre-andpost-instillationof1μL0.1%fluorescein.ThedifferencebetweenthetwomeasurementsofCCT(4-mmdiameter)wasrecordedasthepachymetricvaluesofthecentraltearfilm.RESULTS:TheCCTofpre-andpost-instillationwas388.8±9.5μmand407.0±10.5μm,respectively.Afterapairedt-testanalysis,thecentralpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessof4mmdiameterwas18.2±5.31μmwitha95%confidenceintervalof(15.7,20.6)μm(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:GSAcanbeusedtomeasureCCTandanalyzecentraltearfilmthicknessofrabbitswiththehelpoffluorescein.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheaccuracyofsphericalequivalent(SE)estimatesofadouble-passsystemandtocompareitwithretinoscopy,subjectiverefractionandatablemountedautorefractor.METHODS:Non-cycloplegicrefractionwasperformedon125eyesof65healthyadults(age23.5±3.0years)fromOctober2010toJanuary2011usingretinoscopy,subjectiverefraction,autorefraction(AutokeratorefractometerTOPCONKR-8100,Japan)andadoublepasssystem(OpticalQualityAnalysisSystem,OQAS,VisiometricsS.L.,Spain).Nineconsecutivemeasurementswiththedouble-passsystemwereperformedonasubgroupof22eyestoassessrepeatability.ToevaluatethetruenessoftheOQASinstrument,theSElaboratorybiasbetweenthedoublepasssystemandtheothertechniqueswascalculated.RESULTS:TheSEmeancoefficientofrepeatabilityobtainedwas0.22D.SignificantcorrelationscouldbeestablishedbetweentheOQASandtheSEobtainedwithretinoscopy(r=0.956,P<0.001),subjectiverefraction(r=0.955,P<0.001)andautorefraction(r=0.957,P<0.001).ThedifferencesinSEbetweenthedouble-passsystemandtheothertechniquesweresignificant(P<0.001),butlackedclinicalrelevanceexceptforretinoscopy;Retinoscopygavemorehyperopicvaluesthanthedouble-passsystem-0.51±0.50Daswellasthesubjectiverefraction-0.23±0.50D;Moremyopicvalueswereachievedbymeansofautorefraction0.24±0.49D.CONCLUSION:Thedouble-passsystemprovidesaccurateandreliableestimatesoftheSEthatcanbeusedforclinicalstudies.Thistechniquecandeterminethecorrectfocuspositiontoassesstheocularopticalquality.However,ithasarelativelysmallmeasuringrangeincomparisonwithautorefractors(-8.00to+5.00D),andrequirespriorinformationontherefractivestateofthepatient.