简介：AseriesofresearchesonthenutritionproblemsinthecultivationofChinesefirseedlingsandplantations,whicharemainlyfocusontheproblemsofseriouslanddegradationinChinesefirplantationsincontradictionwiththerapiddevelopmentoftheplantationsinChina,weresummarized.Twelveyearswastakenandmorethan30piecesofresearchpaperswerepublishedfortheresearches,whichreferstotheproblemsofgrowtheffect,physiologicaleffect,vegetationvariation,biomassaccumulation,n...

简介：Alongwiththedevelopmentofcomputertechniques,theapplicationofcomputerinthree-dimensionalvisualizationsimulationofplantgrowthprocesshasbeenpaidmoreandmoreattention.TakingCunninghamialanceolataasanexample,themorphologicalparametersfromtheperspectiveofthevisualsimulationweredesignedandthetrees’morphologicalcharacteristicswereanalyzedbasedonthesurveydata.CombinedwithIFS(IteratedFunctionSystem)underthecontrolofthegrowthcurve,byusingObject-orienteddesignmethods,andaccordingtoAPIandmodelrenderingtechnologyprovidedbyDIRECTX9.0,athree-dimensionalvisualizationsystemonthegrowthanddevelopmentofC.lanceolataindividualtreeweredevelopedonthe.NETandDIRECTX9.0platforms,whichrealizedthestaticanddynamicthree-dimensionalvisualizationsimulation.

简介：ToaidinmanagementofCunninghamialanceolata,themaintimberspeciesinSouthernChina,itsvariationofspatialdistributionpatternwasanalyzed.ThreepermanentplotsofC.lanceolataplantationswithapproximatelythesamesiteconditions,setbyChinacontinuousforestinventoryinShunchang,Fujian,wereselected.C.lanceolatagrowthwasdividedintotwostages:youngtrees(5cm≤diameteratbreastheight(DBH)<10cm)andmaturetrees(DBH≥10cm).TheDBHandcoordinatesofeverytree(DBH≥5cm)inthepermanentplotswererecordedin2003and2008.ThefunctionL(r),improvementofRipley’sK(r),thepaircorrelationfunctiong(r),andtheuniformangleindex(W_i)wereusedtoanalyzethespatio-temporalvariationofspatialdistributionpatterns.Thethreepermanentplotshadmeanuniformangleindex(W)between0.494-0.578atlowaltitudes,0.465-0.477atmediumaltitudes,and0.426-0.601athighaltitudes.Resultsshowedthataltitudedidnotaffectthespatialdistributionpattern.TheL(r)andg(r)functioncurvesofmaturetreesweregenerallylowerthanyoungtrees’,i.e.tendtobemorerandomoruniformdistribution.Soregardlessoftheinitialdistributionofyoungormaturetrees,withthepassageoftime,therewasatendencyfortheaggregateddistributiontochangetoarandomdistribution,andarandomdistributiontochangetoauniformdistribution.

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简介：BasedonthepreviousstudyoncultivationnutritionofCunninghamialanceolataplantationsoffirstgeneration,thecultivationnutritionofC.lanceolataplantationswithmulti-generationwasstudied.Theresultsshowthattherearesignificantdifferencesinthegrowth,developmentandnutrientassimilationamongC.lanceolataplantationswithdifferentgenerationsandnutritionconditions.ThesedifferencesarecloselyrelatedtothelandfertilitydeclineofC.lanceolataplantations.Thispaperde...

简介：ThevariabilityofmainchemicalcompositionofradialChinesefirwasstudied.Analysisofvarianceshowedthatvariancewassignificant,especiallyforholocelluloseandα-cellulose;theholocellulosecontentinheartwoodwaslowerthanthatinsapwood;thelignincontentdecreasedfromPosition1toPosition3,butincreasedgraduallyfromPosition4toPosition8;theα-cellulosecontentinheartwoodwaslowerthanthatinsapwood;andtherelativecrystallinitywas59.97%inPosition1,60.80%inPosition2,andabout42%inothers.

简介：Microfibrilangle(MFA)inChinesefirwastestedbyX-raydiffractionapparatusandcalculatedbycomputersoftware.Theresultswereasfollows:MFAwascontrolledstronglybyinheritance,andtherewasnosignificantdifferenceinMFAamonginterspecies,juvenileandmaturewood.Inthelongitudinal,MFAreduceswiththeheightrisingfrom0to5.5m,especiallyintheheightsfrom0to1.5m.ThevaluesofMFAarenearlyconsistencefrom1.5to7.5m.Thevariationrangewasbetween10.82oand12.57ofrom1.5to7.5m,R2ofpowerequationachieved0.9321,andanalysisofvarianceindicatedthatthevariationofMFAwasnotsignificantfrom1.5to7.5m.TheageofthetreeshadanimportantinfluenceonMFA,consequently,thedifferenceinMFAwassignificantamongannualringsinradial,whichwasmaximalinnearpithandreducedrapidlyfromthepithtosapwood,anditsdeclinetendencywasslowbeyondtheninthannualring.MFAreachedminimumvalueatthe15thannualring,andthedifferencereachedmorethan20oandR2ofbinomialequationachieved0.7556.

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简介：Approximating-natureforestrymanagementtechniqueapplicationresearchisdevelopedinCiinninghamialanceolataplantationfor17yearsatJiuxianForestFarminSongxiCounty,FujianProvince.TheresultsshowthatthebiodiversityoftheC.lanceolataplantationwasincreasedfrom48.5±3.3to74.6±3.3afteradoptingclose-to-natureforestrymanagementtechniques.Comparedwithconventionalmanagementmethod,thetestedforest’ssoilfertilitywasimproved:thesoilmoisture-physicalpropertiesandsoilexchangepropertieswereameliorated,thesoilnutrientcontentswereincreased;theaveragebreastheight,averagetreeheight,individualvolume,Chinesefirstandvolumeandstandtotalvolumewerepromotedby9.24%-17.64%,8.61%-17.29%,27.94%-58.46%,2.38%-28.64%and8.63%-37.55%,respectively.Theworsethesiteconditions,thegreatertheeffectindexeswithclose-to-natureforestrymanagementtechniqueswereimproved.

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简介：ThedryingcharacteristicwasstudiedforplantationwoodofChinesefirandpoplar,whicharetypicalplantationwoodofsouthernandnorthernpartofChina,respectively.ThroughlO0-degree-methodthedryingcharacteristicandbasicdryingconditionweregotten,thendryingschedulewasdevelopedforpracticaldrying,theresultsshowedthatthedryingscheduleissuitableforChinesefirandpoplarplantationlumber,butshrinkageislarge.Therecommendationwasmadethatenoughdeadweightisneededtodecreaseshrinkageindryingprocess.Thedryingqualityofthetwospeciesoflumberisgoodinconventionaldryingmethod.

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简介：Time-temperaturesuperpositionprinciple(TTSP)wasusedtoexaminedynamicviscoelasticpropertiesofChineseFir(Cunninghamialanceolata)woodatanextremelylowmoisturecontent(0.6%).Storagemodulusandlossfactordatawereobtainedatdifferentconstanttemperaturesrangingfrom25℃to150℃infrequencymultiplexingexperiments(0.1-20Hz).Allviscoelasticcurvesatothertemperatureswereshiftedalongthelog-frequencyaxistosuperimposethemonareferencetemperature(i.e.135℃inthisstudy)curve.Theextendedstoragemodulusandlossfactorisothermalmastercurveswereoverawiderangeoffrequency.TheshiftfactorsweredeterminedtobeafunctionoftemperatureandfittedintotheArrheniusequationwiththeleastsquaresmethod.TheresultsshowedthatthestoragemodulusdatawereexcellentlyfittedintotheArrheniusmodel,indicatingthevalidityofthemodeltocharacterizethedynamicstiffnessbehaviorofdrywoodintherangeof25-150℃usingtheTTSP.However,thetime-temperatureequivalencewasnotabletopredictthedampingproperties.

简介：Takingextractionrateasanindicator,theextractiontechnologyofChinese-firheartwoodbysupercriticalcarbondioxidetreatmentwasstudied,andtheextractionrateoftheSFE-CO2methodwascomparedtothatoftraditionalextractionmethod.Theresultsshowthatwhenextractionprocessingconditionwere:extractionpressure30MPa,extractiontemperature40℃,extractiontime120m,andflowvelocity20kg/h,theextractionrateofSFE-CO2was0.99%,0.20%morethanthatofthetraditionalextractionmethod.However,takingthecostintoconsideration,itisproposedthatthetraditionalextractionisusedunlesstherearespecificrequirements.

简介：Theproteinstructureofthecellulosesynthase-likeprotein(CSL)wassimilartocellulosesynthase(CesA),includingtheconservativesequenceD,D,D,QXXRW.Onefull-lengthcDNAofthecellulosesynthase-likeproteinD(CslD)genewasclonedbyreversetranscriptase(RT)-polymerasechainreaction(PCR)with5’,3’rapidamplificationofcDNAends(RACE)methodsusingdegenerateprimersdesignedfromthehomologoussequencesoftheCesAgenes.Amultiplecomparisonsequenceanalysiswasconductedconcurrentlywithbioinformaticmethodstoanalyzetheobtainedsequence.ResultsofthesequenceanalysisshowedthatthiscDNAwas4150bpinlengthandcontainedasingleopenreadingframeencodingaproteinof1132aminoacids.Themultiplecomparisonsequenceanalysisshowedthatthededucedaminoacidsequencesharedhighsimilarity(over71%)withtheClCslDgenesfromPopulustremuloides,Oryzasativa,andArabidopsisthaliana.Thisworkwillhelplayanimportantfoundationforfurthermolecularstudieswithcellulosesynthesisofplants.

简介：TwoclonaltrialstandsofChineseFir（Cunninghamialanceolata）wereusedinthisstudy,onewas19-year-oldstandwhichincluded38clones,andtheotherwas17-year-oldstandincluding102clones.Thestatisticalanalysesshowedthattherewereverysignificantgeneticvariationsinheight,DBH,volumeandratioofheartwood(Rhw),woodbasicdensity（ρb）oftheclonesinthetwostands.Therepeatabilityofcloneswasinmediantohighlevel,andthegeneticCVwasdifferentovertheallfivetraits.Therewereverysignificantphenotypicandgeneticcorrelationsamongheight,DBHandvolume,andnegativecorrelationsamonggrowth,Rhwandρb.Theselectionmethodexperimentindicatedthatindexselectioncouldimprovevolume,Rhwandρb,showingsyntheticallysuperiorselectioneffectscomparedtoanyindividualtraitselectionmethods.

简介：Fir(Abiesfaxoniana)distributeswidelyinthealpineandsubalpineregionofwesternSichuan.Tounderstandeffectsoffreeze-thaweventsonsoilmicrobialcommunity,microbialnumberwasinvestigatedmonthlyinafirforest,employingthemethodoflabfreeze/thawcyclesincombinationwithfieldsoilsampling.Bacterialandactinomycetenumberinsoildecreasedandfungalcountincreasedafteraseasonalfreeze-thawseasoncycle.Bacterialandfungalcountsincreasedwiththedecreasedaltitude,whileactinomycetecountdecreasedwiththedecreasedaltitude.Differentmicrobeshadvariouschangepatternswithaltitudeinhumuslayer(AL),illuviallayer(BL)andparentmateriallayer(CL).Comparedwiththe3582maltitude,bacterialcountintheALandCLatthe3298maltitudeincreased4.2%and7.0%,respectively,butthatintheBLdecreased0.6%.Meanwhile,bacterialcountincreased11.5%,3.5%and2.1%intheAL,BLandCLatthe3023maltitudeincomparisonwiththe3298maltitude,respectively.FungicountintheAL,BLandCLincreasedby10.5%,10.3%and16.4%atthe3298maltitudeincomparisonwith3582maltitude,respectively,whileitincreasedby2.4%,1.7%and3.5%atthe3023maltitudeincomparisonwith3298maltitude,respectively.ActinomycetecountintheALatthe3298maltitudeincreasedby0.7%thanthatatthe3582maltitude,butdecreased5.9%and13.9%intheBLandCL.IntheALandBL,itincreased5.2%and5.2%respectivelyatthe3023maltitudethanthatatthe3298maltitude,whileintheCLitdecreased12.4%.Theseresultswereinagreementwiththesimulationfreeze/thawcycleexperimentinlab.Theresultsalsorevealedthattheseasonalfreeze-thawcycleincreasedtheratioofsoilfungitobacteria.Theseresultsdemonstratedthatdifferentmicrobialgroupsrespondeddifferentiallytotheseasonalfreeze-thawcycle,whichmaybeanimportantecologicalmechanismformaintainingtheseasonalfrozenecosystem.

简介：集中和在Castanopsiskawakamii和中国冷杉木(Cunninghamialanceolata)的单一经营种植园的森林地板的文档的季节的动力学在Sanming被估计，福建，中国(26°11′30″N，117°26′00″E)。福雷斯特地板样品在2002在1月，4月，7月和10月被拿并且划分成波形的镇静的材料(地平线Oi)，部分分解了器官的材料(地平线Oe)，并且充分分解了器官的材料(horizonOa)。在收集之上，样品的文档集中被高温TOC分析。Theresults证明中国冷杉木的累年平均文档集中(1341.7mg·kg~(在森林地板的-1))比Castanopsiskawakamii的高(1178.9mg·kg~(-1))。在DOCconcentrations的差别在森林地板的三根地平线之中被观察。二个森林里的森林地板的文档集中在地平线Oe是最高的。文档集中的季节的趋势森林地板的冷淡的地平线是类似的，最大的价值发生在秋天(或冬季)。集中和学习森林里的文档的时间的变化可能与在在森林地板的有机物的潮湿，温度，生物学的活性和数量的变化有关。

简介：Background:Volumeandtaperequationsareessentialforobtainingestimatesoftotalandmerchantablestemvolume.Taperfunctionsprovideadvantagestomerchantablevolumeequationsbecausetheyestimatediameterinsideoroutsidebarkatspecificheightsonthestem,enablingtheestimationoftotalandmerchantablestemvolume,volumeofindividuallogs,andaheightatagivendiameter.Methods:Usingdatacollectedfrom1218trees(1093Douglas-fir(Pseudotsugamenziesii(Mirbel)Franco)and125westernhemlock(Tsugaheterophylla)),weevaluatedtheperformanceofonesimplepolynomialfunctionandfourvariable-exponenttaperfunctionsinpredictingupperstemdiameter.SampletreeswerecollectedfromdifferentpartsofthestatesofOregon,Washington,andCalifornia.Wecomparedinside-barkvolumeestimatesobtainedfromtheselectedtaperequationwithestimatesobtainedfromasimplelogarithmicvolumeequationforthedataobtainedinthisstudyandtheequationsusedbytheForestInventoryandAnalysisprograminthePacificNorthwest(FIA-PNW)inthestateofCaliforniaandwesternhalfofthestatesofOregonandWashington.Results:Variableexponenttaperequationsweregenerallybetterthanthesimplepolynomialtaperequations.TheFIA-PNWvolumeequationsperformedfairlywellbutvolumeequationswithfewerparametersfittedinthisstudyprovidedcomparableresults.TheRMSEobtainedfromtaper-basedvolumeestimateswerealsocomparablewiththeRMSEoftheFIA-PNWvolumeequationsforDouglas-firandwesternhemlocktreesrespectively.Conclusions:ThetaperequationsfittedinthisstudyprovideaddedbenefittotheusersovertheFIA-PNWvolumeequationsbyenablingtheuserstopredictdiameteratanyheight,heighttoagivendiameter,andmerchantablevolumeinadditiontocubicvolumeincludingtopandstump(CVTS)ofDouglas-firandwesternhemlocktreesinthePacificNorthwest.ThefindingsofthisstudyalsogivemoreconfidencetotheusersofFIA-PNWvolumeequations.