简介:ExtractingB2O3fromcalcinedboronmud(CBM)wasstudied.TheeffectoffactorssuchasreactiontemperatureandNaOH-to-CBMmassratioonB2O3extractionefficiencywasinvestigated.TheresultsshowthatincreasingreactiontemperatureandNaOH-to-CBMmassratioincreasesB2O3extractionefficiency.TherearetwostagesfortheB2O3extractingprocess:0–20ministhefirststage,whichisrapid;20–50ministhesecondstage,whichisslowerthanthefirststage.Theoverallextractingprocessfollowstheshrinkingcoremodel,andthefirstandsecondstagesaredeterminedtoobeythesurfacechemicalreactionmodelandthediffusionthroughtheproductslayermodel,respectively.Theactivationenergiesofthefirstandsecondstagesarecalculatedtobe41.74and15.43kJ·mol-1,respectively.TheB2O3extractingkineticsequationsofthefirstandsecondstagesarealsoobtained.
简介:ElectrocrystallizationMechanismofTungsteninMoltenKF-B_2O_3-K_2WO_4WenZhenhuanandLiGuoxun文振环,李国勋(GeneralResearchInstiiuteforNo...
简介:GrainboundarydiffusiontechniquewithTbH_3nanoparticleswasappliedtofabricateTb-lesssinteredNdFe-Bpermanentmagnetswithhighcoercivity.Themagneticpropertiesandmicrostructureofmagnetsweresystematicallystudied.Thecoercivityandremanenceofgrainboundarydiffusionmagnetareimprovedby112%andreducedby26%comparedwiththoseoftheoriginalmagnet,respectively.Meanwhile,boththeremanencetemperaturecoefficient(α)andthecoercivitytemperaturecoefficient(β)ofthemagnetsareimprovedafterdiffusiontreatment.MicrostructureshowsthatTbelementenrichesinthesurfaceregionofNd_2Fe_(14)Bgrainsandisexpectedtoexistas(Nd,Tb)_2Fe_(14)Bphase.Thus,themagneto-crystallineanisotropyfieldofthemagnetimprovesremarkably.Asaresult,thesinteredNd-FeBmagnetsbygrainboundarydiffusionwithTbH_3nanoparticlesexhibitenhancedcoercivity.
简介:Al-3B中间合金是亚共晶Al-Si合金的高效细化剂之一。实验研究了Al-3B中间合金中未溶AlB2颗粒对Al-7Si合金晶粒细化的影响。结果表明,AlB2颗粒的数目和沉降对晶粒细化效果都有重要影响。在实验结果和理论分析基础上,提出了Al-3B中间合金对亚共晶Al-Si合金晶粒细化的新机制,认为通过共晶反应形成的"Al-AlB2"包覆结构是导致晶粒细化的直接原因,未溶的AlB2颗粒是α(Al)相的间接行核基底。
简介:1IntroductionTherareearthcobaltalloyshavethepotentialformakingthemagneticandmagnetoopticalmaterials.Sofar,therareearthcobaltalloyfilmsaresubstantiallyproducedbysputteringorvacuumplating.Ifsuchfilmsarepreparedbyelectrodepositioninstead,productionefficiencywouldbeimprovedandthecompositionofthealloycouldbecontrolled.Becausetheoxidationreductionpotentialsofrareearthelementsareverynegative,organicsolventsmaybeusedaselectrolyticmedia.ElectrodepositionofGdCoandSmCoinorganicsolutionshasbeenreporte...
简介:LayeredcathodematerialLiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2wassynthesizedbyPechiniprocess,andinvestigatedusingX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andgalvanostaticcharge/dischargecycling.Thesampleiswell-crystallizedandhasaphase-purea-NaFeO2structure.Theparticlesizesareuniform,anddistributedintherangeof20-200nm.TheinitialdischargecapacityoftheLi/LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2cellwasabout149mAh·g-1whenitwascycledatavoltagerangeof4.5-2.3Vwithaspecificcurrentof0.25mA.Theresultisbetterincomparisonwithsolid-statesolutionmethod.Thesyntheticprocedurewasdiscussed.Threemajorreactions:chelation,esterification,andpolymerizationsuccessivelyoccurred.
简介:LaCrO_3的nano粉末被一条大音阶的第五音胶化线路准备。从350~550K的LaCrO_3nano粉末的热能力被DSC方法测量并且是表示了:C_(p(LaCrO3))(±0.112)=166.844-8.500x10~(-3)T-1.022x10~6T~(-2)(J/(摩尔·K))(350-550K)。一个EMF测量集会为流电的房间作为电解质与CaF_2被开发。可逆房间的FrommeasuredEMF数据,(-)磅,La_2O_3,LaF_3,|CaF_2|O_2(1atm),LaF_3,LaCrO_3,Cr_2O_3,磅(+),和吉布斯的相关价值释放的O_2(1atm)精力,吉布斯LaCrO_3的形成的免费精力从700~885K被计算:ΔG_(f,LaCrO3)~Θ=-1555.364+0.354T(kJ/mol)(700-885K)。并且免费精力从简单氧化物La_2O_3andCr_2O_3反应改变的吉布斯是打算的是:ΔG_(f,公牛(LaCrO3))~Θ=-94.758+8.530x10~(-2)T(kJ/mol)(700-885K)。
简介:EmployingLi2CO3,NiO,Co3O4,andMnCO3powdersasstartingmaterials,Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2wassynthesizedbysolid-statereactionmethod.Variousgrindingaidswereappliedduringmillinginordertooptimizethesynthesisprocess.Aftersuccessiveheattreatmentsat650and950℃,thepreparedpowderswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)analysis,scanningelectronmicroscopy,andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.Thepowderspreparedbyaddingsalt(NaCl)asgrindingaidexhibitaclearR3mlayerstructure.ThepowdersbyothergrindingaidslikeheptaneshowsomeimpuritypeaksintheXRDpattern.Theformerpowdersshowauniformparticlesizedistributionoflessthan1μmaveragesizewhilethelattershowsawidedistributionrangingfrom1to10μm.EnergydispersiveX-ray(EDX)analysissshowthattheratioofNi,Co,andMncontentinthepowderisapproximately1/3,1/3,and1/3,respecively.TheEDXdataindicatenoincorporationofsodiumorchlorineintothepowders.Charge-dischargetestsgaveaninitialdischargecapacityof160mAh·g-1forthepowderswithNaCladditionwhile70mAh·g-1forthepowderswithheptane.
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简介:有5-8nm的尺寸的做Eu的GaOOHnanoparticles被热水的方法作为表面活化剂用钠dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS)准备。做Eu的-Ga2O3和-Ga2O3被退火进一步制作GaOOH:Eu然后由X光检查衍射(XRD)描绘了,传播电子显微镜学(TEM)和光致发光(PL)。TEM结果显示出那monodisperse做Eu3+的GaOOHnanoparticles形式然后变换进通过退火的做Eu3+的-Ga2O3和-Ga2O3GaOOH:在600和900点的Eunanoparticles?????????????????@
简介:研究保温时间对0.98(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-0.02LaFeO3(缩写为0.98KNN-0.02LF)无铅陶瓷相结构、显微组织、介电性能及铁电性能的影响。所有烧结样品均为纯的伪立方钙钛矿相,保温时间对相结构影响不大。随着保温时间的延长,样品的XRD衍射峰逐渐增强,并且向低角度移动。SEM观察结果显示,随着保温时间的延长,陶瓷样品的致密性提高,晶粒异常长大并出现孪晶结构。介电温谱表明,随着保温时间的延长,介电性能有所降低。电滞回线结果表明,2Pr随着保温时间的延长而增大的程度有所减小,而2E略有增加。在1150℃烧结2h得的到陶瓷的性能较优:εr=2253,tanδ〈5%,2Pr=34.51μC/cm2,2Ec=5.07kV/mm。
简介:TherelationshipofelectricalpropertiesofMn-dopedBa0.92Ca0.08TiO3PTCR(positivetemperaturecoefficientresistance)ceramicswithtwosinteringscheduleswasdiscussed.UsingTEM(transmissionelectronmicroscope)combinedwithEDS(energydispersiveX-rayspectrometer),theMnionsdistributedatgrainboundarieswereanalyzed.TheresultsshowthatthePTCReffectofMn-dopedPTCRceramicsismoredependentonthesinteringschedulethanthoseofMnfree.ThephenomenonmaybecausedbythevalencestatesvarianceofMnionssegregatedatthegrainboundaries.
简介:霍尔-埃鲁特铝电解槽需要一种新型的耐火材料来取代现有的凝固电解质构筑的炉帮。用两步烧结法制备的镁铝尖晶石作为潜在的候选材料,采用阿基米德排水法和扫描电镜研究镁铝尖晶石的致密化和晶粒长大。将所制备的试样在Na3AlF6-AlF3-CaF2-Al2O3电解质中腐蚀以评价其耐蚀性能。结果表明,用两步烧结法可制备高致密度(99.2%)和均匀显微结构的镁铝尖晶石。镁铝尖晶石对Na3AlF6-AlF3-CaF2-Al2O3电解质的腐蚀机理主要是镁铝尖晶石的溶解、氧化铝的形成和氟化物的扩散。两步烧结法制备的镁铝尖晶石具有良好的耐Na3AlF6-AlF3-CaF2-Al2O3电解质腐蚀性能。
简介:InordertoobtainultrafineNd-Fe-Bpowder,aspray-driedprecursorwastreatedbyreduction-diffusion(R/D)process.And,unliketheconventionalR/Dprocess,calciumreductionthatisacrucialstepfortheformationofNd2Fe14BwasperformedwithoutconglomeratingtheprecursorwithCapowder.Byadoptingthismodifiedprocess,itispossibletosynthesizethehardmagneticNd2Fe14Batthereactiontemperatureaslowas850℃.TheaveragesizeofNd2Fe14Bparticlesthatareuniformlydistributedintheoptimallytreatedpowderwas<<1μm.MostNd2Fe14BparticleswereenclosedwiththinlayersofNd-richphase.TypicalmagneticpropertiesofsuchpowderwithouteliminatingimpurityCaOwereiHc=~5.9kOe,Br=~5.5kG,and(BH)max=~6MGOe.
简介:以MoO3粉、Mo粉、Si粉及Al粉为原料,采用机械合金化法合成了纳米Mo5Si3-20%Al2O3(质量分数)复合粉体。采用XRD、SEM、TEM和DTA等对复合粉体在球磨过程中结构变化进行了研究。结果表明:球磨10h后合成的Mo5Si3-20%Al2O3复合粉体,反应以爆炸模式进行。球磨30h后,Mo5Si3和Al2O3的晶粒尺寸分别为36.3nm和21.9nm。随着球磨时间的延长,Mo5Si3和Al2O3的晶粒尺寸变小,衍射峰宽化程度降低。DTA和XRD分析结果表明,复合粉体具有好的热稳定性,球磨30h后再在1000℃退火1h后复合粉体没有发生物相转变。更多还原
简介:Inthepresentstudy,artificialneuralnetwork(ANN)approachwasusedtopredictthestress–straincurveofnearbetatitaniumalloyasafunctionofvolumefractionsofaandb.Thisapproachistodevelopthebestpossiblecombinationorneuralnetwork(NN)topredictthestress–straincurve.Inordertoachievethis,threedifferentNNarchitectures(feed-forwardback-propagationnetwork,cascade-forwardback-propagationnetwork,andlayerrecurrentnetwork),threedifferenttransferfunctions(purelin,Log-Sigmoid,andTan-Sigmoid),numberofhiddenlayers(1and2),numberofneuronsinthehiddenlayer(s),anddifferenttrainingalgorithmswereemployed.ANNtrainingmodules,theloadintermsofstrain,andvolumefractionofaaretheinputsandthestressasanoutput.ANNsystemwastrainedusingthepreparedtrainingset(a,16%a,40%a,andbstress–straincurves).Aftertrainingprocess,testdatawereusedtochecksystemaccuracy.Itisobservedthatfeed-forwardback-propagationnetworkisthefastest,andLog-Sigmoidtransferfunctionisgivingthebestresults.Finally,layerrecurrentNNwithasinglehiddenlayerconsistsof11neurons,andLog-Sigmoidtransferfunctionusingtrainlmastrainingalgorithmisgivinggoodresult,andaveragerelativeerroris1.27±1.45%.Intwohiddenlayers,layerrecurrentNNconsistsof7neuronsineachhiddenlayerwithtrainrpasthetrainingalgorithmhavingthetransferfunctionofLogSigmoidwhichgivesbetterresults.Asaresult,theNNisfoundedsuccessfulforthepredictionofstress–straincurveofnearbtitaniumalloy.