简介：Thefrontpartoftheflowisveryimportantandcomplexinthecaseofdebrisflowwherethereisanaccumulationoflargeboulders.Itisimportanttocontrolordampentheenergyofthefrontalpartofadebrisflowforthesafetyofthedownstreamareabecausetheimpactpressureofdebrisflowismuchgreaterthanthatofclearfluid.Themainobjectiveofthisstudyistoanalyzethehydrauliccharacteristicsoftheproposeddam(i.e.closed-typedamwithflap).Theverticalpressuredistributionofthistypeiscomparedwithconventionaldamtypes.Intheexperiments,thetotalpressureassociatedwithmajordebrisflowswasrecordedinrealtimebyasystemconsistingoffourdynamicpressuresensorsinstalledondifferenttypesofdam.Theresultsfromexperimentaldataclearlyshowthatthedamwiththeflaphasadvantagesofcapturingthedebrisflowwithlargebouldersandcontrolsthetotalpressurebyflowcirculationduetopresenceoftheflapstructurecomparedtoaclosed-typedamwithoutflap.Furthermore,theempiricalcoefficientsofhydrodynamicandsolidcollisionmodelswereproposedandcomparedwithavailablecoefficients.

简介：TwomethodsforsmoothingpseudorangeobservablebyCarrierandDopplerarediscussed.ThentheprocedurebasedontheRINEXobservationfilesistestedusingtheAshtechZ-XII3TgeodeticreceiversdrivenbyastableexternalfrequencyatUNSO.Thispaperproposestoadaptthisprocedureforthelinksbetweengeodeticreceivers,inordertotakeadvantageofthePcodesavailableonL1andL2.Thisnewprocedureusesthe30-secondRINEXobservationsfiles,thestandardoftheInternationalGPSService(IGS),andprocessestheionosphere-freecombinationofthecodesP1andP2;thesatellitepositionsarededucedfromtheIGSrapidorbits,availableaftertwodays.

简介：织物表示和石头的isozymes的股票变化挣扎(Kareiusbicoloratus)与水平淀粉胶化电气泳动被分析。为十四酶assayed，31loci被记录。结果显示检验的所有isozymes是obviouslytissue特定的。SOD~的表情*，GDH~*，G3PDH-2~*并且ADH-2~*仅仅在肝被检测，SDH-1~*，MDH-1~*并且ADH-1~*仅仅在肌肉，和LDH-B~*并且LDH-C~*仅仅在眼睛。在比较，MDH-2~*，GPI-3~*并且SDH-2~*在检验的所有纸巾被检测。检验的另外的loci在许多纸巾被检测。肌肉和肝被选择检测Qingdao和Weihai的二张地理股票的isozyme变化，山东省，中国。多态的loci(P_(0.99))的百分比是29.17%和25.00%，观察杂合现象(H_0)were0.028±0.014和0.040±0.019，和期望的杂合现象(他)分别地是在Qingdao和Weihai存货的0.039±0.017and0.052±0.022。分别地，基因区别(F_(st))和在二张股票之间的基因距离(D)的系数是0.012和0.0011显示基因区别在他们之间是低的。与另外的种类ofPleuronectiformes相比，多态的loci的百分比和K.bicoloratus的吝啬的杂合现象在中间的水平。

简介：Whenflowpassesoverafreeoverfallspillway,formsajet.Thisjetofflowwithahighvelocitymaycausescouratthedownstreamofspillway.Thescourholecharacteristicsisaffectedbyparameterslikedischargeintensity,dropheight,tailwaterdepth,sizeofbedmaterialandstandarddeviationofbedmaterial.Inthispaper,resultsofexperimentsonscourbelowfreeoverfallspillwayforuniformandnonuniformbedmaterialsarepresented.Itwasfoundthatscourholecharacteristics(i.e.maximumdepthofscour,distanceofmaximumscourpointfromspillway,widthofscourhole,distanceofendofscourholefromspillwayandheightofridgeformedatthedownstreamofscourhole)isafunctionofdensimetricFroudenumberandratioofdropheighttotailwaterdepth.Analysisofexperimentaldatawithuniformbedmaterialresultedinequationsforestimationofscourholecharacteristics.Furthercorrectionfactorswereintroducedinordertoconsidertheeffectofnon-uniformityofbedmaterial.

简介：-Thetemperaturedistributionsobtainedbydifferentmethodsofanalysisforsolvingthermaltransferofreinforcedconcrete(R.C.)submarineoiltanks(RCSOT),includingflatwallmethod,cylinderwallmethodandfiniteelementmethod,arecomparedwiththeexperimentaldataofthermaltransferofRCSOT.Theprecisionandscopeofapplicabilityofdifferentmethodsarediscussed.TheprincipleforselectinganalysismethodforsolvingthermaltransferofRCSOTisgiven.TheanalyticalandexperimentaltemperaturedistributionsshowthatthewallofRCSOTshouldconsistofdoublewallsandemptyspacebetweenthemshouldbefilledwithsandorotherheatinsulationmaterialstoreducethetemperaturedifferenceofthewallandtopreventconcretefromcracking.

简介：基于散布途径的连续顺序，为垂直地不同类的飞机平行媒介的一个完整的向量放射的转移模型(SOSVRT)被开发了。克服集中的计算负担，由截断与一个几何系列散布订单的一种简单近似技术被用来减少计算时间。有三种对称关系和二个相互的反的操作员的阶段矩阵的分析Fourier分解被实现了进一步改进计算效率。改进精确性，一个processing以后过程被实现精确地插入内推在任意的角度的Stokes向量。有为随机面向的过寺院生活的球状体的气氛的基准的比较证明为各个的优秀同意司烧参数(在0.1%以内)。SOSVRT被测试了放射的转移建模因为对RT3的不同大气的状况，它基于双增加的方法，和结果证明SOSVRT在向量精确、更有效，特别为光薄空气，它是在极化的放射的转移模拟的最普通的盒子。SOSVRT在Fortran90被写，代码由联系作者是自由地可存取的。关键词放射的转移-极化-散布的连续顺序-散布

简介：沿着山东省的东方海岸有教养的牡蛎的化学成分的每月的差别被分析。部件分析了包括的肝糖，丰满的酸和免费氨酸(FAA)。肝糖的内容在1月和三月高(2.89并且2.82g(100g)~(-1)平均，分别地)并且在10月低(2.07g(100g)~(-1)平均)。在10月的中立类脂化合物的低内容反映了牡蛎的相对差的营养的价值(1.42g(100g)~(-1)平均)。牡蛎的主要的丰满的酸是十六酸酸(16:0)，油的酸(18:1)，eicosapentaenoic酸(EPA，20:5ω-3)并且docosahexaenoic酸(DHA，22:6ω-3)。牡蛎的majorFAAs是公牛的，Glutamicacid，Glycin，丙氨酸，精氨酸和脯氨酸。公牛有它的内容的最丰富的FAA从603mg(100g)正在~(-1)到1139mg(100g)~(-1)。肝糖的高内容，丰满的酸和FAA显示出的多元不堡和沿着山东省的东方海岸有教养的那只牡蛎是在1月和三月好的营养联盟者。

简介：Asthekeypointinsexhormoneanalysis,samplepre-treatmenttechnologyhasattractedscientists’attentionallovertheworld,andthedevelopmenttrendofsamplepreparationforwardedtofasterandmoreefficienttechnologies.Takingeconomicandenvironmentalconcernsintoaccount,subcriticalfluidextractionasafasterandmoreefficientmethodhasstoodoutasasamplepre-treatmenttechnology.Thisnewextractiontechnologycanovercometheshortcomingsofsupercriticalfluidandachievehigherextractionefficiencyatrelativelylowpressuresandtemperatures.Inthisexperiment,asimple,sensitiveandefficientmethodhasbeendevelopedforthedeterminationofdiethylstilbestrol（DES）infishtissueusingsubcritical1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane（R134a）extractionincombinationwithgaschromatography-massspectrometry（GC-MS）.Afterextraction,freezing-lipidfiltrationwasutilizedtoremovefattyco-extract.FurtherpurificationstepswereperformedwithC18andNH2solidphaseextraction（SPE）.Finally,theanalytewasderivedbyheptafluorobutyricanhydride（HFBA）,followedbyGC-MSanalysis.Responsesurfacemethodology（RSM）wasemployedtooptimizingtheextractioncondition,andtheoptimizedwasasfollows:extractionpressure,4.3MPa;extractiontemperature,26℃;amountofco-solventvolume,4.7mL.Underthiscondition,ataspikedlevelof1,5,10μgkg-1,themeanrecoveryofDESwasmorethan90%withrelativestandarddeviations（RSDs）lessthan10%.Finally,thedevelopedmethodhasbeensuccessfullyusedtoanalyzingtherealsamples.

简介：Oysterextractisaneffectivebioactivitycomponent.Ithasabundantnutritionalvalueandantiviral,antitumorandimmunedefensefunctions.Theroleofoysterextractintreatingliverinjuryhasbeenpaidmoreattention.WeuseWistarratstomakealcoholicliverdiseasemodelthroughinjectingalcoholintorats'stomachs.Theseratswererandomlydividedintofivegroups:modelgroup,controlgroup,low-dose,middle-doseandhigh-doseexperimentalgroupwithadoseof0.12gkg-1,0.40gkg-1,and1.20gkg-1alcoholic.Afternineweeks,serumbiomarkers(ALT,AST,TGandTCHO),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),C3a,C5a,IL-17,TNF-ɑ,anti-MAA-HASIgG,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,NKcellactivationandzinccontentwereassessed.Theresultsshowedthattheserumbiomarkers(ALT,AST,TGandTCHO),MDAcontent,anti-MAA-HSAIgG,serumC3a,C5aIL-17andTNF-ɑlevelsofoysterextracttreatmentgroupsweresignificantlydecreasedincomparisonwithmodelgroup.Onthecontrary,GSHshowedadversetrend.SerumCD3+,CD4+andNKcellactivationweresignificantlyincreasedinmiddle-dosegroupandhigh-dosegroupcomparedwithmodelgroup,andtherewasdecreaseofCD8+activityinhigh-dosegroup.PlasmaZnlevelwasdecreasedinmodelgroupcomparedwiththatincontrolgroup.Meanwhile,MeanplasmaZnlevelsincreaseddramaticallyfollowingthedoseincreaseofagivenoysterextract.

简介：Thecalculativemethodofheattransfercoefficientbetweenicecoverandwaterisanalyzedconsideringtheheatbalanceaticecoverbottomfirstly.Theheattransfercoefficientiscalculatedwiththemeteorological,oceanographicdataandseaiceconditionsmeasuredontheJZ20-2Oil/GasPlatformintheBohaiSeaduringthewinterof1997/1998.Fromtheresults,itisshownthattheheattransfercoefficientissmallerinthefreezingandmeltingperiods,whichisabout0.16×10-3and0.04×10-3respectively.Inthemiddleoficeseason,theheattransfercoefficienthasalargervalue,whichisabout0.5×10-3.Lastly,theinfluencesoficethicknessandicetypeontheheattransfercoefficientarediscussed.Withtheheattransfercoefficientdeterminedabove,theoceanicheatfluxinthewinterof1997～1998iscalculated,anditstrendinthewinterisanalyzed.ThisstudycanbereferencedintheseaicenumericalsimulationandpredictionintheBohaiSea.

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简介：Freespanningpipelinesaresuspendedbetweentwopointsonanunevenseafloor.Thevariationsofstructuralconditions,suchasthechangesinsoilproperty,flowvelocity,axialforceandspanlengthetc.,directlyaffectworkingperformanceofthewholesubmarinepipelinesystem.Butuntilnowfewresearcheshavefocusedonconditionidentificationforfreespan(CIFS).Amethodtoidentifytheoperationalconditionsoffreespanningsubmarinepipelinesbasedonvibrationmeasurementsisproposedinthispaper.Firstly,theill-posednessofCIFSisanalyzedindetail.Secondly,theframeworkforCIFSbasedonthenonlinearkerneldiscriminantanalysis(KDA)isestablished.Thirdly,theinternalstructuralcharacteristicsofnaturalfrequencies,normalizedfrequenciesandfrequencychangeratiosarestudied.AndthentheconditionfeaturevectorforCIFSisextractedbyuseofthevibrationmeasurements.Finally,thevalidityoftheproposedapproachisevaluatedbyacasestudy.Theresultsdemonstratethattheproposedapproachcaneffectivelyidentifyeachconditionoffreespanwhenconditionvariationoccursevenifundermeasurementnoise.ItisconcludedthattheproposedmethodisapromisingtoolforCIFSinrealapplications.

简介：在这份报纸，理论免费triaxial地球摇摆被开发，新结论被得出：Euler时期应该被第一种完全的椭圆形的积分实际上表示；免费极的运动的踪迹是椭圆形的，它的半未成年者和主要的轴的取向分别地与地球主要的轴A和B近似平行。另外，现在的理论证明有在蜡烛制造者的频率振幅调整的机制摇摆，它可能是解释在蜡烛制造者的振幅和时期之间的关联的一个候选人摇摆。

简介：Themotionofabubblenearthefreesurfaceissolvedbytheboundaryelementmethodbasedonthelinearwaveequation,andtheinfluenceoffluidcompressibilityonbubbledynamicsisanalyzed.Basedonthesolutionofthebubblemotion,thefar-fieldradiationnoiseinducedbythebubbleiscalculatedusingKirchhoffmovingboundaryintegralequation,andtheinfluenceoffreesurfaceonfar-fieldnoiseisresearched.Astheresults,theoscillationamplitudeofthebubbleisweakenedincompressiblefluidcomparedwiththatinincompressiblefluid,andthefreesurfaceamplifiestheeffectoffluidcompressibility.Whenthedistancebetweenthebubbleandanobserverismuchlargerthanthatbetweenthebubbleandfreesurface,thesharpwavetroughofthesoundpressureattheobserveroccurs.Withtheincrementofthedistancebetweenthebubbleandfreesurface,thetimeofthewavetroughappearingisdelayedandthevalueofthewavetroughincrease.Whenthedistancebetweentheobserverandthebubbleisreduced,thesharpwavetroughattheobserverdisappears.

简介：

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简介：免费生活的海洋的线虫的五种是redescribed并且在中国的黄海说明同样新的记录。这些种类包括一monhysterid，在家庭Diplopeltidae的Campylaimusgerlachi和四enoplids在家庭Oxystominidae的种类，Oxystominaelongata，Oxystominaelegans，Halalaimuslutarus和Halalaimuswodjanizkii。生态、分类的讲话与原来的描述比较被提供并且讨论。类Campylaimus的所有已知的种的关键被给。我们的调查结果离开犯错到benthic生态学和生物多样性的线虫的分类信息黄海学习。

简介：

简介：Alargenumberofdebrisflowdisasters(calledSeismicdebrisflows)wouldoccurafteranearthquake,whichcancauseagreatamountofdamage.UAVlow-altituderemotesensingtechnologyhasbecomeameansofquicklyobtainingdisasterinformationasithastheadvantageofconvenienceandtimeliness,butthespectralinformationoftheimageissoscarce,makingitdifficulttoaccuratelydetecttheinformationofearthquakedebrisflowdisasters.Basedontheaboveproblems,aseismicdebrisflowdetectionmethodbasedontransferlearning(TL)mechanismisproposed.Onthebasisoftheconstructedseismicdebrisflowdisasterdatabase,thefeaturesacquiredfromthetrainingoftheconvolutionalneuralnetwork(CNN)aretransferredtothedisasterinformationdetectionoftheseismicdebrisflow.Theautomaticdetectionofearthquakedebrisflowdisasterinformationisthencompleted,andtheresultsofobject-orientedseismicdebrisflowdisasterinformationdetectionarecomparedandanalyzedwiththedetectionresultssupportedbytransferlearning.

简介：Accurateestimatesofalbedosarerequiredinclimatemodeling.Accurateandsimpleschemesforradiativetransferwithincanopyarerequiredfortheseestimates,butseverelimitationsexist.Thispaperdevelopedafour-streamsolarradiativetransfermodelandcoupleditwithalandsurfaceprocessmodel.Theradiativemodelusesafour-streamapproximationmethodasintheatmospheretoobtainanalyticsolutionsofthebasicequationofcanopyradiativetransfer.Asananalyticalmodel,thefour-streamradiativetransfermodelcanbeeasilyappliedefficientlytoimprovetheparameterizationoflandsurfaceradiationinclimatemodels.Ourfour-streamsolarradiativetransfermodelisbasedonatwo-streamshortwaveradiativetransfermodel.Itcansimulateshortwavesolarradiativetransferwithincanopyaccordingtotherelevanttheoryintheatmosphere.Eachparameterofthebasicradiativetransferequationofcanopyhasspecialgeometryandopticalcharactersofleavesorcanopy.Theupwardordownwardradiativefluxesarerelatedtothediffusephasefunction,theG-function,leafreflectivityandtransmission,leafareaindex,andthesolarangleoftheincidentbeam.Thefour-streamsimulationiscomparedwiththatofthetwo-streammodel.Thefour-streammodelisprovedsuccessfulthroughitsconsistentmodelingofcanopyalbedoatanysolarincidentangle.Inordertocompareandfinddifferencesbetweentheresultspredictedbythefour-andtwo-streammodels,anumberofnumericalexperimentsareperformedthroughexaminingtheeffectsofdifferentleafareaindices,leafangledistributions,opticalpropertiesofleaves,andgroundsurfaceconditionsonthecanopyalbedo.Parallelexperimentsshowthatthecanopyalbedospredictedbythetwomodelsdiffersignificantlywhentheleafangledistributionissphericalandvertical.Theresultsalsoshowthatthedifferenceisparticularlygreatfordifferentincidentsolarbeams.OneadditionalexperimentiscarriedouttoevaluatethesimulationsoftheBATSla