简介：Thelimestone-gypsumfluegasdesulfurization(FGD)processhasbecomethemostwidespreadprocessintheworldforsulfurremoval.Theswirl-et-absorbingwetlimestone-gypsumsinteringFGDtechnologywasdevelopedforsinteringfluegasdesulfurization,andthisprocessproducesvolumesofwastewaterwithvariouscontaminantsthatrequirestreatmentbeforedisposalorreuse.Inthisstudy,thewastewaterqualityfromthreedifferentsinteringFGDsystemsatBaosteelGroupwasinvestigatedandcomparedwithwastewaterfrompowerplantFGD.AtreatmentprocesswasproposedwhichissuitableforsinteringFGDwastewater.Aftertreatmentwithaneutralization,coagulationandsedimentationprocess,heavymetalsinthesinteringFGDwastewaterwerereducedtoalevelmeetingtherelevantemissionstandards,butthepHandammoniaconcentrationweretoohigh,andafurthertreatmentprocesswasneeded.DuetocertainsimilaritiesandcomplementaritiesbetweensinteringFGDwastewaterandcokingwastewater,itisentirelyfeasibletomixthepretreatedsinteringFGDwastewaterintoabiologicalcokingwastewatertreatmentsystem.ThisstudyindicatesthatitisentirelyfeasibletomixpretreatedsinteringFGDwastewaterintothebiologicaltreatmentsystemsusedforcokingwastewaterfromtheironandsteelindustries.

简介：Thesurfacetreatmenttechnologycanimprovethecorrosionresistanceofsteelsheetsandincreasethevalueofsteelapplication.ThesurfacetreatedsteelsheetsinBaosteelincludezincgalvanizedsteelsheets,singalvanizedsteelsheets,chromiumgalvanizedsteelsheets,andcolourcoatingsteelsheetswiththeapplicationintheareafromconstructiontoautomobiles,appliance,package,etc.Thedevelopment,applicationandmanufacturingtechniqueoftheseproductshavebecomethecorecompetitionpowerofBaosteel.ThearticlereviewsthedevelopmentsofsurfacetreatedsteelsheetsandsurfacetreatmenttechnologiesinBaosteelin10years,especiallyhotdipgalvanizedhighstrengthsteelproductsusedinvehicles.ThearticlealsolooksforwardintofurtherdevelopmentsofsurfacetreatmentsteelproductsandtechnologiesinBaosteel,whichwillfocuson:①thenewproductsofhotdipgalvanizedadvancedhighstrengthsteels;②moreenvironmentalfriendlyproductsorfunctionalcoatingproducts;③thedevelopmentofsurfacetreatmenttechnologiestomeettherequirementofhighersurfacequalityinthemarcket;④newtypeofsurfacetreatmentandcoatingtechnologies.

简介：Thisstudysummarizessomeseriousdisharmoniousproblemsthatubiquitouslyexistinthecastingresiduerecyclingofsteelplants,suchaslargelandoccupation,lowoperationalefficiency,hiddenhazards,hugeresourceandenergyconsumption,seriousenvironmentalpollutionandsoon.Itanalyzesthenecessityoftheon-lineinnovationandrecyclingbasedonthepresentsituationofBaosteel.ItstatestheinnovationofthenewgridtechnologyandtheachievementsofitsintegratedapplicationatBaosteel.ItalsosummarizesandelaboratessomegreentechnologyfeaturesofthetreatmentandtheutilizationoftheBaosteelcastingresidueandthenewgridtechnology,suchassafety,energy-savingandenvironmentalprotection.Inaddition,itlaysouttheprospectsforthedevelopmentandapplicationofthetechnology.

简介：ThisstudyresearchestheeffectsoftherefiningtreatmentonthemicrostructureandthemechanicalpropertiesofH13mandrelsteelandcomparestheseeffectswiththoseoftheconventionaltreatment.Theresultsindicatethatbothcarbideparticlesandgrainswererefined,carbideparticleswereuniformlydistributedbytherefiningtreatment,andtherefore,thestrengthandtoughnessofH13mandrelsteelwereimproved.Rapidcoolingafterthesolutiontreatmentmayinhibitintra-granularprecipitationofcarbideparticles,whichisfavorabletoenhancingtoughness.Consequently,high-performanceH13mandrelsteelcanbeproducedbyproperrefiningtreatment.

简介：Theeffectofannealingtreatmentonthemicrostructuresandmechanicalpropertiesofcold-sprayedNicoatingwasinvestigatedbyconductingmicro-hardnessandtensiletestsandusinganormalopticalmicroscope(OM),ascanningelectronmicroscope(SEM),atransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andanelectronprobeX-raymicroanalyzer(EPMA).Theresultsshowthatfollowingtheincreaseoftheannealingtemperature,themicro-hardnessofcold-sprayedNicoatingdecreasesandtheelongationafterfractureincreases,whilethetensilestrengthincreasesbeforedecreasing.Thetensiledeformationandfracturebehaviorchangefromatypicalbrittlefracturetoahybridbrittleandductilefracture,thentoatypicalductilefailure.Itisfoundthatwhenannealedatanelevatedtemperature(e.g.900℃),thegrainstendtogrowabnormallywiththeoxidesspheroidizingandthedefectsagglomeratingattheinterfaces,causingthetensilestrengthreductionofthecold-sprayednickelcoating.Itisalsopointedoutthatthetensilestrengthofthecold-sprayedNicoatingcanbesignificantlyimprovedbytheappropriateannealingprocedures,buttheelongationafterfracturecannotbeclearlyincreasedbecauseitisdifficulttoeliminatethemaindefectsinthecoatingbythefollowingheattreatments.

简介：Surfacenanocrystallization(SNC)hasprovedtobeaneffectiveapproachtoimprovetheoverallpropertiesofbulkmetallicmaterials.Recently,anewsurfacenanocrystallizationtechnique,i.e.,surfacemechanicalgrindingtreatment(SMGT),wasdeveloped.Inthiswork,agradientnano-microstructurewasachievedinthesurfacelayeroftheAISI52100steelbyusingSMGT.Weobtainedaminimumgrainsizeofabout7nminthetopsurfacelayer.Thetotalthicknessofthedeformedlayerisover200micrometer.Meanwhilethesurfaceroughnessisratherlow.Ferritegrainsweredeformedtodifferentextentsvaryingwithdepthfromthetopsurface.Gradientgrainsizeswereformedfromtopsurfacetodeepmatrixwhichofferedagreatopportunitytostudytherefinementprocessoftheferritegrains.Itisfoundthatdislocationactivitiesplayadominantroleintheprocess.Attheinitiatestage,dislocationsaccumulatedandinteractedtoformdensedislocationwallsandcells.Increasingstrainandstrainrateinducedmoredislocationwallsincells,formingfinercells.Thisprocedurecontinueduntilnanograinsformedatthetopmostsurface.Theexistenceofcementiteparticlesinferritematrixgreatlyfacilitatestheferriterefinementprocess.Boundariesbetweenferritesandcementitesofferedmanydislocationsourceswhichacceleratethepropagationofdislocations.Dislocationwallswereblockedbycementiteswhichcertainlyleadtofinerdislocationcells.Theexistenceofcementitesmakesiteasiertogeneratefreshdislocationwallsinsub-microngrains.Astraingradientwasformedfromacementiteparticletosurroundingferritegrains.Thisstraingradientgivesrisetomoregeometricnecessarydislocations.Asferritegrainsizedecreasedlessthanthatofcementiteparticles,fragmentationoccurredincementites.Hardsecondphasewasusuallyconsideredasbrittle.Inthiswork,evidencesofdeformation(tracesofdislocationactivities)incementitesweredistinct.Sincethestressconcentrationinthephaseboundary(espec

简介：Themorphologyandtheevolutionofδ-ferriteexistinginB410Dslabs,hot-rolledplates,annealedplatesandquenchedplateswerestudiedthroughmetallographicobservation.Resultsshowthatδ-ferriteformsduringthesolidificationprocessandthatiteasilygrowsandincreasesinquantityduringhightemperatureannealing.Band-shapedδ-ferriteinhotrolledplatesisdifficulttobeeliminatedbyconventionalheattreatmentandhardtorecrystallize.

简介：Basedonthecharacteristicsofpicklingwastewaterinthecold-rollingproductionofstainlesssteel,anewprocessingroute,featuringsourcesludgereduction,wastewatertwo-stagetreatment,heavymetal-containedsludgeandcalciumsaltsludgeseparatingrecovery,wasproposed.Asshownbytheresearchresults,afterthetwo-stageprocesstreatment,theeffluentwatercansteadilyreachtheemissionstandards,thesludgeyieldcanbedecreasedbymorethan8%;withintheheavymetal-containedsludge,therecoveryratesofFe,CrandNicaneitherreachorsurpass95%,andthetotalcontentofFandScandroptoaround3%.Therefore,thesludgeinthefrontpartcanbeusedasferricdust.Inthecalciumsaltsludge,therecoveryrateofFcaneitherreachorsurpass85%,andthetotalcontentsofFe,CrandNicanfallbelow0.5%.Sothesludgeintherearpartcanbeusedasfluorgypsumorfluorite.Meanwhile,theresultsoftheanalysisonheavymetalsleachingtoxicityandmorphologicdistributionindicatethatthetwokindsofsectionalizedsludgearenotclassifiedashazardouswastes,whichhaveastablebehaviorandbetterutilizationvaluescomparedwiththeformermixed-sludge.

简介：微观结构和当演员组Mg-4.0Sm-1.0Ca合金的机械性质在由热挤出组成的thermomechanical处理期间被调查，滚动，并且在473K变老。Mg41Sm5阶段包含Ca和像针的Mg2在Mg矩阵形成的Ca阶段，和平均谷物尺寸和延伸是4.2m并且27%，分别地在热挤出以后，它在韧性暗示了增加。在滚动以后，另外，谷物尺寸进一步被精制，并且张力的力量增加了到293MPa。一新猛抛Mg3Sm在山峰Mg-4.0Sm-1.0Ca合金被发现，这合金显示了最好的机械性质，与83HV的山峰坚硬和313MPa的最终的张力的力量；这些性质被归因于谷物精炼加强，加强的稳固的答案，变硬的工作，并且降水加强。

简介：Surface-treatedMmNi3.55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3alloyasnegativeelectrodematerialofnickel-metalhydridebatterywasemployedtoimprovethehigh-ratedischargeability.SurfacetreatmentwasrealizedbydippingandstirringthealloyintoaHClaqueoussolutionwithvariousconcentrationsatroomtemperature.ThemicrostructureofthealloybeforeandaftersurfacetreatmentwasanalyzedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Theelectrochemicalpropertiesbeforeandaftersurfacetreatmentwerecompared,andthealloytreatedin0.025mol/LHClsolutionshowedtheoptimalhigh-ratedischargeability.

简介：TheeffectofrapidsolidificationonstructureandelectrochemicalperformanceoftheLaNi4.5Co0.25Al0.25hydrogenstoragealloywasinvestigatedbyX-raypowderdiffractionandasimulatedbatterytest,includingmaximumcapacity,cyclingstability,self-discharge,andhigh-ratedischargeability(HRD).Allthemelt-spunalloysweresingle-phasewiththeCaCu5-typestructure(spacegroupP6/mmm).Incomparisontotheas-castalloy,therapidlyquenchedalloysmanifestedanimprovedhomogeneityofcompositionandexpandedlatticeparameters.Theelectrochemicalmeasurementsshowedthattheactivationproperty,cyclingstabilityandself-dischargeofthealloyelectrodeswerealsoimprovedfortherapidsolidifiedalloys.TheHRDoftheas-castalloywasbetterthanthoseofalltherapidlysolidifiedalloys.Asthequenchingrateincreased,theHRDandexchangecurrentdensityfirstdecreasedandthenincreased.

简介：Thetransformationinducedplasticity(TRIP)steelseffectoccursbecauseofthemartensitictransformationofretainedausteniteduringplasticdeformation,anditprovidesthesteelwithexcellentstrengthandductility.Whileweldingremainsavitalpartofautobodymanufacturing,theweldabilityofTRIPsteelsisproblematic,andthispreventsitsadoptionformanyapplicationsintheautomotiveindustry.Thispresentworkstudiestheeffectsofweldingandpost-weldheattreatmentonthemicrostructureof...

简介：AhighalloyedVanadis4(V4)steelwasproducedbysprayformingprocessinBaosteel,andthemicrostructureoftheas-sprayedsteelanditsevolutionduringhotrollingandannealingprocesseswerecharacterized.Itwasfoundthattheas-sprayedV4steelhasahomogeneousandfinescalemicrostructurewithuniformdispersionofcarbides.Thehotrollingtemperatureisthekeyfactorincontrollingtheevolutionoftype,morphologyanddistributionofcarbides,aswellasthematrixmicrostructureoftheas-rolledsteels.Theoptimizedprocessingparametersfortheas-sprayedV4steelarerollingat1050℃andthenannealingat900℃.Themicrostructuralevolutionmechanismsduringhotrollingandannealingaredeterminedaccordingtothemicrostructuralanalyasisofthematerialatdifferentstages.

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