简介:AbstractObjective:To describe the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China in 2018 and provide the essential evidences for leprosy control.Methods:We collected data of leprosy cases nationwide from Leprosy Management Information System in China (LEPMIS) except Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. And then we performed a descriptive and comparative analysis.Results:A total of 521 new leprosy cases were detected nationwide in 2018, with a case detection rate of 0.037/100,000. The proportion of children under 15 years of age, multi-bacillary (MB) cases, and cases with WHO grade 2 disability (G2D) were 1.3%, 89.4%, and 19.0%, respectively. There were 2,479 registered cases of leprosy in China by the end of 2018, accounting for a prevalence rate of 0.178/100,000, with 43 replase cases. Southwest China separately accounted for 312/521 (59.9%) newly detected cases and 1,180/2,479 (47.6%) registered cases of leprosy in China.Conclusion:China is a low endemic country for leprosy and the detection rate was much lower than the global average. Southwest China is still the key regions for leprosy control, including Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan. In addition, leprosy in low endemic provinces also needs to be focused.
简介:AbstractChronic pruritus is a very common clinical symptom that seriously affects people’s quality of life. Pruritus is associated not only with skin diseases but also with a variety of systemic diseases. It brings great challenges to clinical management. To standardize the management of chronic pruritus, experts of the Allergic Disease Committee of Chinese Dermatologist Association discussed many times and finally formed this guideline to provide reference and guidance for the clinical work of dermatologists and other physicians at all levels.
简介:AbstractUrticaria is a common dermatological condition that is characterized by wheals and pruritus. Certain types of urticaria can be resistant to treatment, and recurrence is common. These guidelines supplement and improve upon the previous version (published in 2014) of the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urticaria in China, and incorporate recent research advances in urticaria. These guidelines are suitable for both Chinese adults and children of Han nationality with urticaria. These guidelines update and broaden the definition, pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of urticaria, and serve as a scientific and authoritative reference for the diagnosis and management of urticaria.
简介:摘要2018年乳腺癌放疗领域进展主要呈现以下3个趋势:更短——全乳超大分割(FAST和FAST FORWARD)和同步瘤床加量(IMPORT HIGH)的疗效及安全性探索;更准——部分乳腺照射的两大Ⅲ期随机对照试验(NSABP/RTOG 0413和RAPID)首次发布结果;更精——基于临床肿瘤因素、分子分型及多基因模型精准定位放疗获益人群的探索。精准放疗是未来发展的方向。
简介:摘要目的了解太原市2017—2018年流感监测年度流行特征,为流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法根据国家流感监测方案,收集本市流感监测哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)就诊情况,对部分病例进行采样开展病原学监测,使用RealTimeRT-PCR方法进行流感病毒亚型鉴定。结果本监测年度年共监测门急诊病例872854例,其中流感样病例13979例,占门急诊就诊病例总数的1.60%,0~14岁组所占流感样病例总数比例较高。共采集流感样病例标本1586份,阳性率16.96%。检测到型别有甲型H1N1、甲型H3、甲型H7N9、乙型Victoria系和Yamagata系,阳性率最高的亚型为甲型H1N1,其次为乙型Yamagata系和甲型H3。流感病毒检出高峰今年1月和去年12月。结论太原地区流感样病例集中在0~14岁,流感发病主要集中在冬季,并且流行的优势毒株有变换。坚持开展流感监测工作,对控制流行与预测有重要意义。
简介:【摘要】目的 : 研究我院 2015-2018年细菌耐药趋势。 方法:对我院于 2015年 1 月至 2018年 1 月期间病原学培养和药敏结果进行回顾性分析。 结果: 2015 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月分离出 4289 株,金黄色葡萄球菌为 567 株,比例为 13.22% ;铜绿假单胞菌为 578 株,比例为 13.47% ;大肠埃希菌为 589 株,比例为 13.73% 。 2016 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月分离出 5179 株,金黄色葡萄球菌为 698 株,比例为 13.48% ;铜绿假单胞菌为 784 株,比例为 15.14% ;大肠埃希菌为 754 株,比例为 14.55% 。 2017 年 1 月至 2018 年 1 月分离出 6357 株,金黄色葡萄球菌为 986 株,比例为 15.51% ;铜绿假单胞菌为 881 株,比例为 13.85% ;大肠埃希菌为 967 株,比例为 15.21% 。表现为逐年上升趋势。 结论: 通过研究发现病原菌耐药性呈持续变化,采取有效的抗菌药物和对耐药菌的检测予以加强尤为重要。
简介:AbstractCardiomyopathies are diseases of the cardiac muscle and are often characterized by ventricular dilation, hypertrophy, and cardiac arrhythmia. Patients with cardiomyopathies often experience sudden death and cardiac failure and require cardiac transplantation during the course of disease progression. Early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and genetic consultation depend on imaging techniques, genetic testing, and new emerging diagnostic tools such as serum biomarkers. The molecular genetics of cardiomyopathies has been widely studied recently. The discovery of mechanisms underlying heterogeneity and overlapping of the phenotypes of cardiomyopathies has revealed the existence of disease modifiers, and this has led to the emergence of novel disease-modifying therapy. This 2018-2019 state-of-the-art review outlines the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiomyopathies in China.