简介：Background:WecomparetheclimatesensitivityofEuropeanbeech(FagussylvaticaL)intwoforestnaturereservesinnortheasternGermany.Theonereserve,Schlossberg,ischaracterizedbyshallowchalksoils,whereasintheotherreserve,Eldena,soilsaredeeperandmoredeveloped.Littleisknownaboutthedroughtsensitivityofbeechonshallowchalksoils.Methods:Wecollectedincrementcoresatbothresearchsitesandestablishedclimate-growthrelationships.Intertreevariabilitywasassessedbyemployinglinearmixed-effectmodels.Results:WeexpectedtofinddistinctivelyhigherdroughtsensitivityatSchlossbergduetolimitedwateravailability,butfindonlymarginaldifferencesingrowthresponses.Atbothsites,droughtisthemajorclimaticfactordrivingtreegrowth.Adaptationsintreearchitectureandanunderestimationofthewaterholdingcapacityofshallowchalksoilsarediscussedaspossiblereasonsfornotfindingmoredistinctclimateresponses.Inanalyzingclimate-growthrelationships,wespecificallyfocusedongrowthresponsesofindividualtreesbutobservedonlylowinter-treevariabilityatbothsites.Evidentisashiftinclimateresponsepatternsfromthefirsttothesecondhalfofthetwentiethcenturywithprevious-yeardroughtconditionsbecomingmoreimportantthancurrent-yeardrought.Thisshiftisdiscussedinrelationtoawarmingtrendoverthatsameperiod,aswellaspossibletrendsinmastingbehaviorofbeech.Conclusion:Theinvestigatedbeechtreesontheshallowchalksoilareonlyslightlymoredroughtsensitivethanbeechtreesonthereferencesitewithdeeperandmoredevelopedsoils.

简介：Forestsareamongthemostimportantcarbonsinksonearth.However,theircomplexstructureandvastareasprecludeaccurateestimationofforestcarbonstocks.Datasetsfromforestmonitoringusingadvancedsatelliteimageryarenowusedininternationalpolicyagreements.DatasetsenabletrackingofemissionsofCO2intotheatmospherecausedbydeforestationandothertypesofland-usechanges.TheaimofthisstudyistodeterminethecapabilityofSPOT-HRGSatellitedatatoestimateabovegroundcarbonstockinadistrictofDarabkolaresearchandtrainingforest,Iran.Preprocessingtoeliminateorreducegeometricerrorandatmosphericerrorwereperformedontheimages.Usingclustersampling,165sampleplotsweretaken.Of165plots,81wereinnaturalhabitats,and84wereinforestplantations.Followingthecollectionofgrounddata,biomassandcarbonstockswerequantifiedforthesampleplotsonaperhectarebasis.Nonparametricregressionmodelssuchassupportvectorregressionwereusedformodelingpurposeswithdifferentkernelsincludinglinear,sigmoid,polynomial,andradialbasisfunction.Theresultsshowedthatathird-degreepolynomialwasthebestmodelfortheentirestudiedareashavinganrootmeansquareerror,biasandaccuracy,respectively,of38.41,5.31,and62.2;42.77,16.58,and57.3%forthebestpolynomialfornaturalforest;and44.71,2.31,and64.3%forafforestation.Overall,theseresultsindicatethatSPOTHRGsatellitedataandsupportvectormachinesareusefulforestimatingabovegroundcarbonstock.

简介：在干燥陆地的系统的木质的植物的地位是关键生态系统进程的一个基本决定因素。这地位监视在在干旱、半干旱的生态系统理解木质的植物的动力学起一个重要作用。现在的学习用遥感和地理信息系统技术和统计科学在伊朗决定了Zagros森林的精力。结果证明树的密度从10～53变化了?%根据半干旱的区域的地文学、气候的条件。在植被索引和森林密度之间的最好、最低的关联为全球环境监视索引被获得(GEMI；R2?=?0.94)和土壤调整植被索引(R2?=?0.81),分别地。GEMI被用来监视使用在一个10年的时期上改变的土地。结果显示出那2720?哈森林的2被人的干扰和耕种在也导致了肥沃的土壤层的损失的这个时期期间在陡峭的斜坡上破坏了。GEMI决定了区域与一树的生物资源并且有从没有华盖的区域的树的低生物资源密度的通常分开的边阶区域能盖住。结果用卫星在干旱、半干旱的艰巨森林区域揭示了对森林和植被盖子的那个评价数字数字和平常的采样服从于无常。一个成层的组织过程应该被建立增加评价的精确性。

简介：QuantitativeassessmentoftreespeciesdiversityfromsampleplotsinsevenforestrangesofNayagarhForestDivisioninOdishastateintheEasternGhatsofIndiawasmadeduringtheperiodApril,2011toNovember,2013.Atotalof120transects(1000m95m)werelaidinNayagarh,Odogaon,Pancharida,Khandapada,Dasapalla,Mahipur,andGaniaforestrangesandtreestemsofatleast30cmGBHweremeasured.Theregenerationpotentialoftreeswasassessedfrom5m95msampleplotslocatedwithinthemaintransect.Atotalof177treespeciesbelongingto120generaand44familieswererecordedfromthestudyarea.Shorearobusta,Buchananialanzan,Lanneacoromandelica,TerminaliaalataandCleistanthuscollinuswerethepredominanttreespecies.Thestanddensityvariedintherangeof355.33-740.53stemsha-1whilebasalarearangedfrom7.77to31.62m2ha-1.Thetreedensityandspeciesrichnessdecreasedwithincreasinggirthclass.Thehighestnumberofspeciesandmaximumdensitywasrecordedinthegirthclassof30-60cm.TheShannon-WeinerandSimpsonIndiceswithrespecttotreeswithC30cmGBHvariedintherangeof2.07-3.79cmand0.03-0.37cmrespectivelyandthevaluesofdiversityindicesarewithinthereportedrangefortropicalforestsofIndiansub-continent.Thefamilies,Dipterocarpaceae,Anacardiaceae,CombretaceaeandEuphorbiaceaecontributedtomaximumspeciesrichness,standdensity,andbasalarea.Regenerationofmanytreespecieswasobservedtobepoor.Thepresentstudyprovidesbaselinedataforfurtherecologicalstudies,forestmanagement,andformulationofsite-specificstrategiesforconservationofbiologicaldiversityinmoistdeciduousforestsofEasternIndia.

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