简介:APRIL2015ChinaPledgesEducation,Hospital,JurorSystemReformsOnApr.1,China’scentralauthoritiesrolledoutplanstosupportruralteachers,overhaulpublichospitalsandimprovepublicsupervisionofcourtcases.Theplanswereadoptedatthe11thmeetingofthecentralleadinggroupfordeepeningoverallreformonWednesday,duringwhichPresidentXiJinping,whoisalso
简介:BeijinghasbeenoneoftheepicentersattackedmostseverelybytheSARS-CoV(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome-associatedcoronavirus)sincethefirstpatientwasdiagnosedinoneofthecity'shospitals.WenowreportcompletegenomesequencesoftheBJGroup,includingfourisolates(IsolatesBJ01,BJ02,BJ03,andBJ04)oftheSARS-CoV.ItisremarkablethatallmembersoftheBJGroupshareacommonhaplotype,consistingofsevenlocithatdifferentiatethegroupfromotherisolatespublishedtodate.Among42substitutionsuniquelyidentifledfromtheBJgroup,32arenon-synonymouschangesattheaminoacidlevel.Rootedphylogenetictrees,proposedonthebasisofhaplotypesandothersequencevariationsofSARS-CoVisolatesfromCanada,USA,Singapore,andChina,gaverisetodifferentparadigmsbutpositionedtheBJGroup,togetherwiththenewlydiscoveredGD01(GD-Ins29)inthesameclade,followedbytheH-UGroup(fromHongKongtoUSA)andtheH-TGroup(fromHongKongtoToronto),leavingtheSPGroup(Singapore)moredistant.ThisresultappearstosuggestapossibletransmissionpathfromGuangdongtoBeijing/HongKong,thentoothercountriesandregions.
简介:TheR(replicase)proteinistheuniquelydefinednon-structuralprotein(NSP)responsibleforRNAreplication,mutationrateorfidelity,regulationoftranscrip-tionincoronavirusesandmanyotherssRNAviruses.Basedonourcompletegenomesequencesoffourisolates(BJ01-BJ04)ofSARS-CoVfromBeijing,China,weanalyzedthestructureandpredictedfunctionsoftheRproteinincomparisonwith13otherisolatesofSARS-CoVand6othercoronaviruses.TheentireORF(open-readingframe)encodesfortwomajorenzymeactivities,RNA-dependentRNApolymerase(RdRp)andproteinaseactivities.TheRpolyproteinunder-goesacomplexproteolyticprocesstoproduce15function-relatedpeptides.Ahydrophobicdomain(HOD)andahydrophilicdomain(HID)arenewlyidentifiedwithinNSP1.ThesubstitutionrateoftheRproteinisclosetotheaverageoftheSARS-CoVgenome.ThefunctionaldomainsinallNSPsoftheRproteingivedifferentphylogeneticresultsthatsuggesttheirdifferentmutationrateunderselectivepressure.ElevenhighlyconservedregionsinRdRpandtwelvecleavagesitesby3CLP(chymotrypsin-likeprotein)havebeenidentifiedaspotentialdrugtargets.Findingssuggestthatitispossibletoobtaininformationaboutthephy-logenyofSARS-CoV,aswellaspotentialtoolsfordrugdesign,genotypinganddiagnosticsofSARS.
简介:菲亚特124SportSpider第一次亮相,是在1966年11月的都灵国际车展上,距今快要50年了,它依然受到收藏家和车迷们的追捧.124SportSpider配的是5速手动变速箱,15升的双凸轮轴发动机,四个轮子均配有碟刹,雨刷为间歇式.124SportSpider是由菲亚特20世纪60年代中长轿车演化而来,它是一部纯正的运动型汽车,且在那个年代在国内乃至国际上都获得过巨大的成功.这台车总共生产了19年,比当时其他运动型汽车的寿命都要长.在美国市场上,从1968年到1985年,124SportSpider的销量高达17万辆,是菲亚特在美国市场最畅销的车型之一.