简介：讨论Dirac符号在经典力学中的应用,给出一种用广义坐标和Dirac符号表述的动力学方程,并举例说明该方程的广泛应用.

简介：TheextendedcanonicalNoetheridentitiesandcanonicalfirstNoethertheoremderivedfromanextendedactioninphasespaceforasystemwithasingularLagrangianareformulated.UsingthesecanonicalNoetheridentities,itcanbeshownthattheconstraintmultipliersconnectedwiththefirst-classconstraintsmaynotbeindependent,soaquerytoaconjectureofDiracispresented.BasedonthesymmetrypropertiesoftheconstrainedHamiltoniansysteminphasespace,acounterexampletoaconjectureofDiracisgiventoshowthatDirac'sconjecturefailsinsuchasystem.WepresenthereadifferentwayratherthanCawley'sexamplesandother'sonesinthatthereisnolinearizationofconstraintsintheproblem.Thisexamplehasafeaturethatneithertheprimaryfirst-classconstraintsnorsecondaryfirst-classconstraintsaregeneratorsofthegaugetransformation.

简介：Anexplicitlysolvablemodelfortunnellingofrelativisticspinlessparticlesthroughasphereissuggested.ThemodeloperatorisconstructedbyanoperatorextensionstheorymethodfromtheorthogonalsumoftheDiracoperatorsonasemiaxisandonthesphere.Thetransmissioncoefficientisobtained.Thedependenceofthetransmissioncoefficientontheparticleenergyhasaresonantcharacter.OneobservespairsoftheBreit–WignerandtheFanoresonances.Itcorrelateswiththecorrespondingresultsforanon-relativisticparticle.

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简介：明确的Bargmann对称限制被计算，它宽松的对的联系二进制nonlinearization为超级迪拉克系统被执行。在获得的对称限制下面，超级迪拉克层次的第n流动被分解成二个超级有限维的integrableHamiltonian系统，定义在上超级对称歧管有相应动态变量的R4N|2Nx和tn。运动的积分为Liouville要求integrability明确地被给。关键词对称限制-二进制nonlinearization-超级迪拉克系统-超级有限维的integrableHamiltonian系统2000苏布杰克特先生分类35Q51-37J35-37K10-37K40工程由Hangdian基础支持了(没有。KYS075608072)，中国的国家自然科学基础(Nos.10671187，10971109)并且为中国的大学里的新世纪优秀才能的程序(没有。NCET-08-0515)。

简介：TheneuralnetworkrealtimeeventselectionfortheDIRACewperimentatCERNispresented.Itcomprisesoftwoindependentparts.OneusesplasticscintillatorsandtheothertheverticalScintillatingFibres,Theglobaleventdecisionistakeninlessthan250ns.Signaleventsareselectedwithanefficiencyosmorethan0.99withabackgroundratereductionofabout2.

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简介：Asamanifestationoftheunderlyingphysicalnature,quailtumoscillationswiththeappliedmagneticfield(B)areoneofthemostimportanttopicsincondensedmatterphysics.Theresearchhistorycanbetrackedto1930whenLevShubnikovandW.J.deHaasobservedShubnikov-deHaas(SdH)oscillationsinthemagnetoresistance(MR)ofbismuthcrystals.Sincethen,researchershaveobservedquantumoscillationsindiversematerials,includingmetals,metalliccompounds,semimetals,semiconductorsandeveninsulators,aswellasinartificialmesoscopicmicrostructures.Nowadays,quantumoscillationdetectedbymagnetotransportinvestigationhasbeenapowerfultooltodetectthephysicalpropertiesinsolid-statesystems.

简介：为Fermi-Dirac粒子的完整的四轮马车方程的答案的光滑被调查。到Landau-Fermi-Dirac方程的平衡附近的古典答案有调整，这被显示出在所有变量(时间，空间和速度)的效果，也就是说，他们关于所有变量变得立即光滑。

简介：Inthispaper,westudysymmetryreductionforabinaryasteroidsystemmodeledbyarigidbodyandaparticle.Inparticular,wedemonstratehowtranslationalandrotationalsymmetryreductionappearedinthebinaryasteroidsystemcanbecarriedoutinthecontextofDiracreductionbystagesandwiththeassociatedreductionofimplicitHamiltoniansystems.Thenweinvestigatestabilityofrelativeequilibriaoftheasteroidpairandshowstabilityregionsbyusingtheenergy-momentummethod.Lastly,weillustratesomenumericalsimulationsforstableandunstableorbitsnearfromrelativeequilibriaoftheCollinearandTconfigurations.

简介：分离香农熵被使用在multiconfigurationDiracFockwavefunction描述信息。香农熵的依赖作为扩大配置空间被显示出，它能到达浸透什么时候有足够的配置状态wavefunctions获得会聚的精力层次；也就是说，在multiconfigurationDiracFock方法的计算过程是一个熵浸透过程。在一样的精确性水平，为最小的熵的基础集合是能描述精力状态的最好。另外，在与等电子的顺序一起的香农信息熵和精力水平十字路口的突然的变化之间的一个连接能被建立，它是有用的发现精力对为X光激光解释并且预见精力层次的倒置计划的兴趣的水平十字路口。

简介：在那里存在，这被证明迪拉克的一个向量代表“在它等价于的一意义的s旋量Geldand双性人四元数(即complexified四元数)表示。这能被看作Cartan的归纳“到迪拉克的triality的s想法”s旋量。在向量表示，一阶的DiracLagrangian对拓扑地巨大的计量器地的two-orderLagrangian双等价物。潜力删除哪个对应于Diracfield被使用主人获得(或父母)行动途径。新奇计量器删除是自我双的并且包含反对称的李和对称的乔丹结构。

简介：给出了动态Dilaton-Maxwell黑洞背景下Dirac方程的退耦与分离变量，并通过适当的变换在动态Dilaton-Maxwell黑洞的视界附近找到了静止质量不为零的Dirac方程的有物理意义的解，导出了Hawking热谱公式、辐射温度和视界面方程。从而解决了Dirac粒子在Dilaton-Maxwell黑洞背景下Hawking蒸发的问题。

简介：Ingraphene,conductanceelectronsbehaveasmasslessrelativisticparticlesandobeyananalogueoftheDiracequationintwodimensionswithachiralnature.Forthisreason,theboundingofelectronsingrapheneintheformofgeometriesofquantumdotsisimpossible.Ingaplessgraphene,duetoitsuniqueelectronicbandstructure,thereisaminimalconductivityatDiracpoints,thatis,inthelimitofzerodoping.Thiscreatesaproblemforusingsuchahighlymotivatednewmaterialinelectronicdevices.Oneofthewaystoovercomethisproblemisthecreationofabandgapinthegraphenebandstructure,whichismadebyinversionsymmetrybreaking(symmetryofsublattices).WeinvestigatetheconfinedstatesofthemasslessDiracfermionsinanimpuredgraphenebytheshort-rangeperturbationsfor"localchemicalpotential"and"localgap".Thecalculatedenergyspectrumexhibitsquitedifferentfeatureswithandwithouttheperturbations.Acharacteristicequationforboundstates(BSs)hasbeenobtained.Itissurprisinglyfoundthattherelationbetweentheradialfunctionsofsublatticeswavefunctions,i.e.,f_m~+(r),g_m~+(r),andf_m~-(r),g_m~-(r),canbeestablishedbySO(2)group.

简介：<正>AneffectiverelativisticcontinuummassiveProcaLagrangianactionisusedtoaccountfortheLorentzvectorcondensationeffectsontheequationofstateofthestronglyinteractingfermionssystem.TheinteriorquantumfluctuationeffectsareincorporatedasanexternalfieldapproximationindirectlythroughafictivegeneralizedThomsonProblemcountertermbackground.Thegeneralanalyticalformulasforthed-dimensionalthermodynamicsaregivenneartheunitarylimitregion,Inthenon-relativisticlimitford=3,theuniversaldimensionlesscoefficientε=4/9andenergygap△/ε_f=5/18arereasonablyconsistentwiththeexistingtheoreticalandexperimentalresults.Intheunitarylimitford=2andT=0,theuniversalcoefficientcanevenapproachtheextremeoccasionξ=0correspondingtotheinfiniteeffectivefermionmassm~*=∞,whichcanbemappedtothestronglycoupledtwo-dimensionalelectronsandisquitesimilartothethree-dimensionalBose-Einsteincondensationofidealbosongas.Instead,ford=1,theuniversalcoefficientξisnegative,implyingthenon-existenceofphasetransitionfromsuperfluiditytonormalstate.ThesolutionsmanifestthequantumIsinguniversalclasscharacteristicofthestronglycoupledunitaryfermionsgas.

简介：无尾猿涂和overlap-Dirac操作员被联合过滤真空配置。真空的结构被overlap-Diracoperator的低eigenmodes学习，它在液体上展出那片刻模型能被使用。

简介：本文引入了偶数维欧氏空间的复结构及Witt基，在此基础上讨论了偶数维复Clifford代数中的Dirac旋量空间．由Fock空间的结果我们得到了Dirac旋量空间视为复Clifford代数中极小左理想，最后我们研究了Dirac旋量空间的对偶空间．

简介：元气充沛系统是一2??????????删祡敬杩?慔汹牯??????????????????畅敬楲湡吗？？

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