简介：到环境因素的空间的全体的土壤氮(N)同位素作文和时间的规模和他们的关系的模式说明N周期并且N采购原料，并且是到全球变化的陆上的N周期和它的反应的综合指示物。这研究的目的是：我)15N(15N)在Qinghai西藏的高原上在不同生态系统类型和土壤侧面珍视调查土壤N内容和自然许多的模式；ii)珍视在土壤N内容和土壤15N的模式上检验气候的因素和土壤特征的效果；并且iii)介绍越过生态系统和土壤测试在土壤15N价值和土壤C/N比率之间的关系。土壤侧面沿着二横断在51个地点被取样在长度的1875km和200km分开并且在Qinghai西藏的高原上的森林，草地和大草原里分布式。每个地点被取样从0～40厘米和每件样品的土壤深度的每10厘米为土壤N内容和15N价值被分析。我们的结果比的显示在草地的土壤N和15N价值(040厘米)高得多在荒芜的大草原。当沿着土壤侧面的土壤15N价值的变化不要不是土壤15N价值趋于与土壤深度增加的山草地，低地草地，和适度的大草原在大多数生态系统之中是统计上重要的时，土壤N为每个生态系统与土壤深度减少了。在土壤15N价值和吝啬的年度降水之间的寓言的关系显示土壤15N价值与在荒芜的大草原增加降水直到500公里增加了，然后与越过所有另外的生态系统增加降水减少了。而且，在15N价值之间的寓言的关系和吝啬的年度温度在所有单个生态系统类型存在。土壤N和15N价值(040厘米)随土壤淤泥和泥土内容的增加增加了。而且，大约11的C/N比率的阀值把在土壤15N价值和土壤C/N比率之间的寓言的关系划分了成积极(C/N<11)并且否定(C/N>11)分开，它越过所有生态系统和土壤侧面是有效的。为土壤15N价值的土壤C/N比率的大解释力量建议了那C和N集中，被降水和温度�

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简介：<正>Chinapromisedtoadopt"thestrictest"environmentandenergypoliciesonDecember25asithaslaggedbehindintermsoffourbindingenvironmentaltar-getssetfor2015,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.Thefourtargetsareforenergyintensity,carbondioxideemissions,rationalizationofenergyconsumptionandnitrogenoxideemissions,according

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简介：ReviewingtheexistingenvironmentalpoliciesinWesternChina,wefindthat:intimesequence,thecharacteristicsofChina’swesternenvironmentalpoliciesshiftfrom"developmentdrivegovernance"tothefullimplementationofenvironmentalprotectionandconstruction;andinspatialsequence,theecological,social,andeconomicdevelopmentofWesternChinareachtocoordinationthroughthenaturereservesetting,ecologicalmigrants,fiscaltransferpaymentanddifferentiatedecologicalenvironmentalpolicies.Duetotheimplementationofthepoliciesandprojects,environmentaldegradationtrendsinthewesternecologicalenvironmentwerealleviatedsignificantly,thelivingconditionsoffarmersandherdsmenwereimproved,andmanysuccessfulexperienceswereexplored.However,futureecologicalenvironmentalconstructioninWesternChinarequiresfurtherimprovementinintegratedplanning,eco-compensationmechanism,andpolicyassessment.Thispaperconcludeswithspecificrecommendationssuchasdrawingupecologicalenvironmentconstructionplanning,strengtheningenvironmentallawenforcementandincentivemechanisms,improvingpolicyassessmentandscientificsupport,enhancingenvironmentalprotectioncapacity,improvingeco-compensationmechanism,andrefiningtheenvironmentalpoliciesforkeyareas.

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简介：Basedonthemeaningofeconomictheoryaswellasanalysisofrelevantcharacteristicsofwatershedenvironmentalmanagement,awatershedenvironmentalmanagementframeworkwillbecreated,withbuildingsystemsoftheory,principles,methods,andsupportingmeasures.Throughthegeneralstructure,thewatershedenvironmentalmanagementsystemdesigncanbeexploredtooptimizetheallocationofresourcesandachievecoordinateddevelopmentofwatershedeconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.

简介：Theprecipitationefficiencyanditsrelationshiptophysicalfactorsareexaminedbyanalyzingatwo-dimensionalcloud-resolvingmodelsimulationduringTOGACOAREinthisstudy.Thebasicphysicalfactorsincludeconvectiveavailablepotentialenergy,water–vaporconvergence,verticalwindshear,cloudratio,seasurfacetemperature,airtemperature,andprecipitablewater.Precipitationefficienciesdonotshowacloserelationshiptoairtemperaturenortoseasurfacetemperaturenortoprecipitablewater.Theprecipitationefficiencyincreasesasthewater–vaporconvergencerateincreasesandverticalwindshearweakens,whereasitdecreasesastheconvectiveavailablepotentialenergydissipatesandanvilcloudsdevelop.

简介：EnvironmentallyExtendedInput-Output(EEIO)tableshavebecomeapowerfulelementinsupportinginformation-basedenvironmentalandeconomicpolicies.National-andprovincial-level10tablesarecurrentlypublishedbytheNationalBureauofStatisticsofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaaccordingtowell-definedconventions.However,county-level10tablesarenotprovidedasarulebyofficialstatisticsorganizations.ThispaperconductsanoverviewofcompilingEEIOtablesforenvironmentalandresourcesaccountingatthecountylevelandthenanswersseveralquestions:First,whatkindofdatashouldbepreparedforthecompilationofcounty-levelEEIOtables?Second,howcanwesetupcomprehensiveEEIOtablesatthecountylevel?Third,regardingthesurveymethodsandtheindirectmodeling,whichoneshouldbechosentobuildEEIOtablesatthecountylevel?Finally,whatpolicyquestionscouldsuchatableanswer?EEIOtablesatthecountylevelcanbeusedtopredicttheeconomicimpactsofenvironmentalpoliciesandtoperformtrendandscenarioanalysis.

简介：BackgroundShort-termhospitalreadmissionsafterpercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)accountforhighermedicalcostsandpoorprognosisofpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease(CAD).However,patientsathighriskforreadmissionarenotyetidentified.MethodsAtotalof1416patientssuccessfullytreatedwithPCIwereincluded.Dataofage,sex,presentationtypeofCAD,cardiacfunction,coexistentdiseases,contrastdose,numbersoflesionsandstentsimplanted,procedurecomplication,out-of-hospitalmedicationwerecollected.Coxregressionmodelwasemployedtoanalyzethemultiplefactorsinfluencingreadmission.Results75.8%ofallreadmissionswereduetoCADandtheaveragereadmissiontimewas422days.UnivariateanalysisandmultivariateCoxregressionmodeleventuallyshowedthatpatientswithanyprocedurecomplicationsand/ormorelesionsinnumberwereathigherriskforreadmissionwhileolderage,smoke,urgentPCIandmorestentsimplantedpreventedthemfromreadmitting.ConclusionThemajorcauseofreadmissionafterPCIisstillCADitself.DuringtheindexhospitalizationofPCI,patientswithmulti-vesseldiseaseneedcarefultreatmentandprocedurecomplicationsshouldbepreventedinordertoextendtheintervalofreadmission.

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简介：加框的的结构通常是有石工技术墙的infilled。他们可以在僵硬和力量引起重要增加，减少变丑需求并且增加系统的精力驱散能力。在另一方面，石工技术面板的不规则的安排可以在一些区域导致损坏的集中，与否定效果；例如软的故事机制并且砍在短列的失败。因此，填入墙的存在不应该被忽视，特别在中等、高的seismicity的区域。到这个目的，简单模型为稳固的填入墙是可得到的，例如斜没有紧张神气模型，当有洞的infilled框架足够地没被调查时。在这研究，infilled框架的力量和僵硬上的洞的效果借助于大约150试验性、数字的测试被调查。包含的主要参数被识别，在填入考虑洞的一个简单模型被开发并且由不同研究人员与另外的模型相比求婚了。模型，基于力量和僵硬减小因素的使用，考虑在洞附近增强元素的开的尺寸和存在。建议减小因素的一个应用程序的一个例子也被举。

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简介：与由圆柱的头发组成的坚韧的分叉的狭窄的复叶，Ishigeokamurae是类Ishige的典型种类，它被看作之一最在Phaeophyceae的发展史的基础类。除了从进化尊重的大公共兴趣，更多的注意在丰富的bioactive混合物上被带了在里面我。为治疗学或经济的考虑的okamurae，例如diphlorethohydroxycarmalol和ishigoside。然而，很少对涉及的相关关键基因或新陈代谢的小径被知道我。okamurae，它号召我们由下一代定序执行transcriptome的全球分析。总的来说，我们获得了78有1709核苷酸的N50的583装配脚手架，和有重要强风匹配(105的电子值截止)的25357unigenes。以transcriptome的描述我。okamurae，我们在一次尝试在反压力上集中了新陈代谢的小径和bioactive混合物的合成线路获得交互有机体环境的更好的理解规章的网络。基于小径的分析帮助了我们加深我们在之间的相互作用的理解我。okamurae和它的环境，与MAPK信号小径作为一个例子。而且，我们发现了能具有宽申请的大量新奇通常认为的功能的蛋白质，例如Rab家庭，用基于顺序的transcriptome。在结论，transcriptome描述我。okamurae(Phaeophyceae)显示出强壮的环境环境适应。

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简介：MolecularmechanismsoftheKru?ppel-likefamilyoftranscriptionfactors(KLFs)havebeenstudiedmoreinproliferatingcellsthaninpost-mitoticcellssuchasneurons.WerecentlyfoundthatKLFsregulateintrinsicaxongrowthabilityincentralnervoussystem(CNS)neuronsincludingretinalganglioncells,andhippocampalandcorticalneurons.Withatleast15of17KLFfamilymembersexpressedinneuronsandatleast5structurallyuniquesubfamilies,itisimportanttodeterminehowthiscomplexfamilyfunctionsinneuronstoregulatetheintricategeneticprogramsofaxongrowthandregeneration.BycharacterizingthemolecularmechanismsoftheKLFfamilyinthenervoussystem,includingbindingpartnersandgenetargets,andcomparingthemtodefinedmechanismsdefinedoutsidethenervoussystem,wemaybetterunderstandhowKLFsregulateneuritegrowthandaxonregeneration.

简介：AIM:TodescribetheprevalenceanddemographiccharacteristicsofcornealblindnessinanurbanandruralregionofNingxia,locatedinthenorthwestpartofChina.METHODS:Astratified,randomizedsamplingprocedurewasemployedinthestudy,includingurbanandruralareaofallagegroup.Visualacuity,anteriorsegmentandocularfunduswerechecked.Relatedfactorofcornealdisease,includingage,gender,educationstatus,ethnicgroup,locationandoccupation,wereidentifiedaccordingtouniformcustomizedprotocol.Aneyewasdefinedtobecornealblindnessifthevisualacuitywas<20/400duetoacornealdisease.RESULTS:Threethousandindividuals(1290fromurbanareaand1710fromruralarea)participatedintheinvestigation,witharesponserateof80.380%.Theprevalenceofcornealblindnesswas0.023%inbotheyesand0.733%inatleastoneeye.Theblindnessinatleastoneeyewithvariedcauseswaspresentin106participants(3.533%)andinbilateraleyesin34participants(1.133%).Thecornealdiseasesaccountedfor20.754%ofblindnessinatleastoneeyeand20.588%ofbilateralblindness.TheprevalenceofcornealdiseasewashigherinolderandHanethnicgroup,especiallythosewhooccupiedinagricultureandoutdoorwork.Peoplewithcornealblindnessweremorelikelytobeolderandlowereducation.Ruralpopulationweremorelikelytosufferfrombilateralcornealblindnessthantheurbanpopulationin≥59-yeargroup(χ2=6.716,P=0.019).Infectious,traumaandimmunecornealdiseasewerethethreeleadingcausesofcornealdisease.Traumacornealdiseasewasmorelikelyleadingtoblindnessinoneeye.However,infectiousandimmunecornealdiseasesmakemorecontributiontothebilateralcornealblindness.CONCLUSION:CornealblindnessisasignificantburdenofinNingxiapopulation,encompassingavarietyofcornealinfectionsandtrauma;themajorityofthosewereavoidable.Healthpromotionstrategiesandgoodhygienicconditionshavetobedeveloped.

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简介：Environmentalriskspertainingtocontaminatedsoilshavebeenwellstudied,whilelittleattentionhasbeenpaidtotherisksofthesoilsafterremediation.Inthisstudy,aconceptmodeldevelopedbasedonfuzzysettheorywasappliedtoevaluatetheuncertaintiesofthreeriskindicators,namely,plantgrowth,groundwatersafetyandhumanhealth,ofarestoredsitethathadbeenpreviouslypollutedbyheavymetals.Theconceptmodelclassifiedthegradeandimportanceofriskfactorsbyan11-levelrankingsystemandwasabletoyieldacomprehensiveriskresultratherthanmulti-riskresultsforcomplexriskindicators.Modelingresultsshowedthattheriskstothethreeindicatorswereeffectivelyreducedaftertheremediation.Moreover,greatsensitivityoftheriskswasfoundrelatedtotheweightdistributionamongthethreeriskindicators.Ingeneral,therisksofbothpollutedandrestoredsoilstotheenvironmentwereintheorderofgroundwatersafety>plantgrowth>humanhealth.Themodelwasprovedtosolvetheproblemsofmulti-riskresultsduetocomplexriskindicatorsthatpreviouslyencounteredbyotherresearchers,whichmadeithelpfulindecision-makingandmanagementofrestoredsoils.