简介：植物看phenotypic变化是否与食草的昆虫质问了。位于这些变化下面的机制包括transcriptional回答的激活，它依赖于攻击昆虫。相互作用在模型上集中了的cruciferinsect上的大多数transcriptomic研究种Arabidopsisthaliana，在自然面对低草食动物压力的种。这里，我们从野黑芥末(Brassicanigra)学习植物的transcriptional回答人口到行业协会使用的不同的喂的草食动物A。以前被显示了对在Brassica的transcriptomic分析合适的基于thaliana的整个染色体的microarray。B的Transcriptional回答。在有任何一个Pierisrapae毛虫或Brevicorynebrassicae蚜虫的群袭以后的nigra被分析并且比较。另外，一些单个基因的导致昆虫的表情变化通过量的即时聚合酶链反应被分析。在编码蛋白质的抄本的累积由两昆虫种类结果喂在反应的氧种类，防御蛋白质和glucosinolates和这的detoxification包含了的结果表演在如此的生物化学的效果上在文学与试验性的证据被相关。尽管涉及类似的过程的基因编码蛋白质被两只昆虫调整，在单个基因的正式就职或压抑有很少重叠。而且，P。rapae和B。brassicae似乎影响不同植物激素发信号小径。在结论，我们的结果显示那B。nigra响应P激活几防卫相关的基因。rapae或B。brassicae喂，但是反应依赖于攻击昆虫种类。

简介：Hightideofwindpowerconstructionstillcontinuesduetoincentivesofthenationalindustrialpolices.ShiPengfei,vicepresidentofChinaWindEnergyAssociationandmanyinsidersandoutsidersofthisfieldareanalyzingtheopportunitiesandrisksseriouslyinwindpowerdevelopmentundernewconditions.

简介：AbstractBackground:Glucose control is an important aspect in managing critically ill patients. The goal of this study was to compare the effects of sequential feeding (SF) and continuous feeding (CF) on the blood glucose of critically ill patients.Methods:A non-inferiority randomized controlled trial was adopted in this study. A total of 62 patients who were fed enteral nutritional suspension through gastric tubes were enrolled. After achieving 80% of the nutrition target calories (25 kcal·kg-1·day-1) through CF, the patients were then randomly assigned into SF and CF groups. In the SF group, the feeding/fasting time was reasonably determined according to the circadian rhythm of the human body as laid out in traditional Chinese medicine theory. The total daily dosage of the enteral nutritional suspension was equally distributed among three time periods of 7 to 9 o’clock, 11 to 13 o’clock, and 17 to 19 o’clock. The enteral nutritional suspension in each time period was pumped at a uniform rate within 2 h by an enteral feeding pump. In the CF group, patients received CF at a constant velocity by an enteral feeding pump throughout the study. Blood glucose values at five points (6:00/11:00/15:00/21:00/1:00) were monitored and recorded for seven consecutive days after randomization. Enteral feeding intolerance was also recorded. Non-inferiority testing was adopted in this study, the chi-square test or Fisher test was used for qualitative data, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for quantitative data to determine differences between groups. In particular, a repeated measure one-way analysis of variance was used to identify whether changes in glucose value variables across the time points were different between the two groups.Results:There were no significant demographic or physiological differences between the SF and CF groups (P > 0.050). The average glucose level in SF was not higher than that in CF (8.8 [7.3-10.3] vs. 10.7 [9.1-12.1] mmol/L, Z = -2.079, P for non-inferiority = 0.019). Hyperglycemia incidence of each patient was more common in the CF group than that in the SF group (38.4 [19.1-63.7]% vs. 11.8 [3.0-36.7]%, Z = -2.213, P = 0.027). Hypoglycemia was not found in either group. Moreover, there was no significant difference during the 7 days in the incidence of feeding intolerance (P > 0.050).Conclusions:In this non-inferiority study, the average blood glucose in SF was not inferior to that in CF. The feeding intolerance in SF was similar to that in CF. SF may be as safe as CF for critically ill patients.

简介：Sincecannondrumofagileshell-feedingsystemrotatesfrequentlyandintermittently,itsmotionmustbesteady.Outlineofdrivingcamdeterminesthemotionofcannondrum,soitisnecessarytoselecttheproperoutlineofcam.Throughanalysisofparabolicoutlineandcycloidoutlineofthecams,theoutlinethatcombinesthetwocurvesisobtained.Accordingtothedemandofproduction,thevalueoftheoutlineisrevised,andthenthemethodoffittingcurveisusedtogettheexpressionoftheangleofcamandthedisplacementofthedrivenpart.Throughanalyzingthemotionofthecannondrum,itissuggestedthattheangleofthecamisproportiontothedisplacementofthedrivenpart.Thecamwiththespeciallyderivedoutlinecanmovesteadily.

简介：Anexperimentalinstallationofcoldmodelsimulationwassetuptostudythebedpressuredropindifferentregionsoffixedfluidizedbedreactorduringtopfeedingandbottomfeeding,respectively,atvariousgasvelocitieswiththefluidizationimageofsolidparticlesmonitoredatthesametime.Bycomparingthechangesinbeddensityandoperatinggasvelocityindifferentregionsoffixedfluidizedbedreactor,theinfluenceoftopfeedingandbottomfeedingpatternsonfluidizationbehaviorcouldbeinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatthebeddensityintopfeedingreactorrespondedmorestablytothechangeingasvelocityalongwiththeadvantageofworkinginawiderrangeofoperatinggasvelocities.Basedonthisstudy,itisconcludedthatexistingbottomfeedingreactorconfigurationscannotmeetthefluidizationrequirements;andoptimizationofbottomfeedingreactorwillbeneeded.

简介：白杨叶除叶剂，Closterafulgurita(沃克)幼虫在实验室在三Populusdeltoides克隆(PL1，PL5和PL7)上被饲养。营养的索引为得出在食物消费和生长率之间的关系被计算第三，三克隆上的第4和第5中间形态幼虫。结果证明消费索引(CI)，近似消化的好坏(广告)，生长率(GR)，相对生长率(RGR)和摄取的食物(ECI)的变换的效率随幼虫的年龄的增加减少了。消化食物(ECD)的变换的效率随幼虫的年龄的增加增加了。GR和RGR显著地变化了，显示幼虫的开发在象与PL5与PL7相比的PL1上被提高。广告，ECI和ECD的价值没被不同克隆影响。喂并且生长索引能是有用的定义一个落叶预言模型。

简介：Inrecentyears,punchingtechnologyofourcountryisdevelopingfast.Theproportionofhandfeedingpunchingprocessinghasgraduallybeenreplacedbyautomaticfeedingandunloadingmechanism,duetothelowefficiency,poorsecurity.Inthispaper,wedesignanautomaticfeedingandunloadingsystemofthepunchingsheetsofmotor.Therotarymanipulatorconsistsofthetransmissiondevice,themechanicalarmdevice,thematerialsuctiondevice,therawmaterialautomaticliftingdeviceandsoon.Adoptingtherodlesscylinderasthemainactuator,thesystemrealizesthesebeatmovementsofcontinuousliftingup,centering,conveying,unloading.Accordingtotheworkingprincipleandmechanicalstructureofthecomponentsinthesystem,thefunctionandapplicationofeachcomponentinthewholefeeding-and-unloadingsystemareanalyzedinthispaper.

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简介：喂壳的速度是影响射击能力的海军的枪的一个重要因素。一个活泼的喂壳的系统被设计保证喂theshell任务的快实现。基于活泼的喂壳的系统的作文，升起技术被学习。工作原则被讨论，hoist的水力的气压系统被构造。水力的压力柱体和蓄电池被分析并且计算。最后，PRO/E和亚当斯被用来模仿hoist和它的水力的系统。这类虚拟原型提供一个好方法实行，这被发现一个物理原型。

简介：WiththebackgroundofthecontrolofadditionalmechanicalforcedroplettransferinMIG/MAGwelding,regardingtheACservomotorascore,anoveloscillatingwirefeedingsystemhasbeendevelopedwithexcellentperformancesofcontrolanddynamicaccelerationwhichistested.Systemconstitutionandoperationprincipleareintroducedinthispaper.Influencesofparametersondynamicaccelerationperformanceareanalyzedanddiscussedemphatically,suchasoscillatingfrequency,oscillatingamplitudeanddraw-backspeed.Experimentalresultindicatesthataccordingtothetechniqueofweldingcontrol,thenovelwirefeedingsystemrespondsrapidlytovariouskindsofcontrolordersofwirefeedinganddraw-back,andrealizesflexiblecontrolofweldingwireaxialmovement,includingdynamicshifting,oscillatingandsoon.

简介：细菌喂的线虫能通过喂支持细菌的活动。细菌的丰富和他们的活动影响多不的芳香的烃的降级(哼)例如菲。菲与或没有葡萄糖的降级上的细菌喂的线虫，细菌，和他们的相互作用的效果通过一个缩影实验被学习。结果证明在与菲污染的矿物质媒介的多达57.0%菲独自与细菌在控制被降级，有线虫或葡萄糖的存在的细菌增加了菲的降级25.6%～36.6%。尽管线虫和细菌丰富逐渐地减少了，儿茶酚2,3-dioxygenase(C23O)活动在潜伏期期间增加了。与细菌相比独自一个，线虫的存在显著地象许多细菌一样增加了C23O活动；当葡萄糖是在场的时，这效果是更显著的。结果暗示线虫可能由刺激细菌和C23O活动从媒介支持菲的移动。

简介：从在到喂转动的木头的水库的木材仓库的木头漂流技术被模型测试学习。模型测试与引力类似和110的比率的规则被参加。主要参数象拖船船，水疗院加速器和喂转动的结构的数量一样，是坚定的。更合适的漂流过程被提出，设计的可靠基础被供应。

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简介：AbstractObjective:Despite the fact that adenomyosis is a fairly common gynecological disorder, its pathogenesis remains elusive. Several theories on the pathogenesis of adenomyosis have been proposed, but none of them has been proven experimentally. So far, the most used one is the neonatal feeding of tamoxifen (TAM) in Institute of Cancer Research/cryopreserved (ICR/CD-1) mouse. However, its underlying mechanism of action is unknown. To further delineate the mechanism of TAM-induced adenomyosis in ICR/CD-1 mouse with regard to specific estrogen receptor (ER), we conducted an experiment that neonatal mice were fed with either TAM, or 4,4′,4″-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) trisphenol (PPT; an ERα agonist), or 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN; an ERβ agonist), or G-1 (a G-protein coupled receptor 30 agonist), or just vehicle, in an attempt to tease out which specific receptor plays a dominant role in the genesis of adenomyosis induced by neonatal feeding of TAM.Methods:Forty female neonatal mice were randomly divided into 5 equal-sized groups: CTL (control), TAM, PPT, DPN, and G-1. Three months later, all mice were sacrificed and their uterine horns were harvested, weighed, and processed for histological evaluation.Results:All mice in the TAM group developed adenomyosis, so did 4 mice (50%) in the DPN group, a result that should be considered significant given that mice in the CTL group would not develop adenomyosis. No mouse in the PPT or G-1 group developed adenomyosis. Remarkably, all lesions in the DPN group were seen exclusively near the uterine serosa, which are dramatically different from that of TAM mice and reminiscent of extrinsic or external adenomyosis in humans.Conclusions:Neonatal feeding of DPN induces adenomyosis, but the adenomyotic lesions appear to be different from those induced by TAM. Thus, the cause of TAM-induced adenomyosis in ICR/CD-1 mouse cannot be attributable to one specific ER alone. This suggests that the extrinsic/external adenomyosis may have a pathogenesis that is different from other sub-types of adenomyosis.

简介：Objective:Patientsundergoingtotalgastrectomyforcancerareatriskofmalnourishment.Theaimofthisselfcontrolledstudywastoexaminetheeffectofjejunostomytubefeeding(JTF)andotherfactorsonpostoperativeweightandtheincidenceofjejunostomy-relatedcomplicationsinpatientsundergoingtotalgastrectomyforcancer.Methods:Allconsecutivepatientswhounderwenttotalgastrectomyforgastriccancerwithjejunostomyplacementwereincludedfromaprospectivesingle-centerdatabase(2003–2014).Jejunostomy-relatedcomplicationsandpostoperativeweightchangeswereevaluatedupto12monthsaftersurgery.Multivariablelinearregressionanalysiswasperformedtoidentifyfactorsassociatedwithweightloss12monthsaftergastrectomy.Results:Of113patientsoperatedinthestudyperiod,65receivedJTFaftertotalgastrectomyforamediandurationof18d[interquartilerange(IQR),10–55d].Jejunostomy-relatedcomplicationsoccurredin11(17%)patients,includingskinleakage(n=3)andperitonealleakage(n=2),luxation(n=3),occlusion(n=2),infection(n=1)andtorsion(n=1).In2(3%)patients,areoperationwasneededduetojejunostomy-relatedcomplications.Themeanpreoperativeweightofpatientswas71.8kg(100%),andremainedstableduringJTF(73.9kg,103%,P=0.331).AfterJTFwasstopped,themeanweightofpatientsdecreasedto64.9kg(90%)at12monthsaftersurgery(P<0.001).Ahighpreoperativebodymassindex(BMI)(≥25kg/m~2)wasassociatedwithhighpostoperativeweightlosscomparedtopatientswithalowBMI(<25kg/m~2)(16.3%vs.8.6%,P=0.016).Conclusions:JTFcanpreventweightlossintheearlypostoperativephase.However,thisisattheprizeofpossiblecomplications.Asweightlossinthelongtermisnotprevented,routineJTFshouldbere-evaluatedandbalancedagainsttheselecteduseinpreoperativelymalnourishedpatients.SpecialattentionshouldbepaidtopatientswithahighpreoperativeBMI,whoareatriskofmorepostoperativeweightloss.

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简介：植物病菌感染被关於生命、不能生活的因素经常在一块庄稼地里影响。褐的效果坏透臭虫，Euschistusservus(半翅类：Pentatomidae)，在玉米的感染百分比种的普通浪妇(Ustilagomaydis)上喂并且种日期和采样时间被检验在2005和2006，和2010和2011分别地。布朗坏透在玉米混血儿“DKC6971”上喂的臭虫成年人当用3个处理检验了时，没在在2005和2006的flowering影响浪妇感染百分比(即，0成年人，5个成年人，和5个成年人与浪妇孢子混合了)。浪妇感染百分比were <3%(n = 12)在3个处理。在4每周的采样之中的浪妇感染百分比是一样，那么是在在处理之中的收获的自然黄麴毒素污染。第二实验证明那个种的日期没在2010或2011影响浪妇感染百分比。但是，从postflowering采样的浪妇感染百分比比两年里的preflowering采样大。浪妇感染百分比在2010，然而并非在2011在germplasm线之中变化了。这研究证明褐坏透臭虫在flowering喂没在玉米，和最好的时间在浪妇感染上有效果因为浪妇评估将在flowering以后。温度和降水可能也在实验被进行的4年期间影响了感染浪妇的玉米植物的百分比。开拓殖民地于核的U的类似。maydis和曲霉属菌flavus感染和遗传型×环境相互作用也被讨论。

简介：Hostpreferencespineofthesawyerbeetle,Monochamusalternates(Hope),duringmaturationfeedingon8conifertreesand40massonpineprovenances,wereinvestigatedusing3typesoflaboratorybioassayofconsistentfeedingpreference,feedingareaandvisitationfrequency.M.alternatusadultshavethehighestfrequencyoffeedingandprefertofeedonthebranchesofP.massonianaandP.densifloraandhadsignificanthostselectivityon8conifertreesintheareaofNanjing.Theadultfeedingvi...

简介：Threegoatswerefedwith^15N-labelledricestrawtostudythecharacteristicsofdigestion,assimilation,transformationandexcretionofCandNcompoundsfromricestraw.Itwasshownthattheamountof^15Ntransformedintothebodiesofthetwoslaughteredgoatsaccountedfor38.5and23.6%ofthetotalamountof^15Ndepositionoftheexperimentaldiettakenbyeachgoat.The^15Nexcretedthroughthefecesandurineforthethreegoatsaccountedfor34.8,33.2and33.9%ofthetotalamountof^15Ndepositioninthefeedofthe3goats.Therecoveryoftotal^15Nforthetwoslaughteredgoatswere73.3and57.5%,withthecorrespondingratesof^15Nloss26.7and42.5%respectively.ThedigestibilitiesoftotalaminoacidsforGoats1and3were68.7and54.0%,andthedigestibiltiesofcarbohydratesforthetwogoatswere74.8and67.7%respectively.