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简介：EarlystudiessuggestedthattheAleutian-Icelandiclowseesaw（AIS）featuresmultidecadalvariation.Inthisstudy,themultidecadalmodulationoftheAISandassociatedsurfaceclimatebytheAtlanticMultidecadalOscillation（AMO）duringlatewinter（February-March）isexploredwithobservationaldata.Itisshownthat,inthecoldphaseoftheAMO（AMOI-）,aclearAISisestablished,whilethisisnotthecaseinthewarmphaseoftheAMO（AMO[＋）.ThesurfaceclimateoverEurasiaissignificantlyinfluencedbytheAMO＇smodulationoftheAleutianlow（AL）.Forexample,theweakALinAMOI-displayswarmersurfacetemperaturesovertheentireFarEastandalongtheRussianArcticcoastandintoNorthernEurope,butonlyovertheRussianFarEastinAMO{＋.Similarly,precipitationdecreasesovercentralEuropewiththeweakALinAMOI-,butdecreasesovernorthernEuropeandincreasesoversouthernEuropeinAMOI＋.

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简介：WeproposeanddemonstrateexperimentallyamultimodeoscillationQ-switchederbium-dopedfiberlaserwithafew-modefibercavity.ThedifferentcouplingprocessesofreflectionpeaksoffiberBragggratings(FBGs)whichactascavitymirrorsallowthedifferentoscillatingstates.Weobtainmicrosecondlightpulseoutputstateswhoseoscillationandoutputbeamshavedifferentmodecompositions,includinghighordermode.Suchastructureenablesthehighordermodeoscillationinthewholecavitywithanall-fiberstructure,whichhaspotentialapplicationsinmode-divisionmultiplexedsystemsandresearchofmultimodenonlineareffect.