简介：Inordertounderstandthecharacteristicsofspatialandtemporalvariation,aswellasprovideeffectiveideasoncarbonemissionsandregulatorypolicyinYantai,thisarticleanalyzedspatialandtemporalvariationofcarbonemissionsinYantaibasedonenergyconsumptionstatisticsforavarietyofenergysortstogetherwithindustrialsectorsfrom2001to2011.Theresultswereasfollowing:Firstofall,Yantai’scarbonemissionsgrewbyanaverageof5.5%peryearduringthelast10years,andtherewasapeakof10.48millioncarbonintheyearof2011.Second,comparedwiththegrossdomesticproduct(GDP)growthrate,thefiguresforenergycarbonemissionsgrowthrateweresmaller;howevertheproblemofcarbonemissionswerestillmoreobvious.Furthermore,carbonemissionsinYantaiincreasedrapidlybefore2008;whileafter2008,itincreasedmoreslowlyandgraduallybecomestable.Third,theenergyconsumptionwasdifferentamongregionsinYantai.Forinstance,theenergyconsumptioninLongkoucitywasthelargest,whichoccupied50%ofthetotalcarbonemissionsinYantai;andtheenergyconsumptioninChangIslandwasgenerallylessthan1%oftheLongkouconsumption.Finally,therewererelativecloserelationshipsamongthespatialdifferenceofcarbonemissions,regionalresourcesendowment,economicdevelopment,industrialstructure,andenergyefficiency.

简介：Earthquakeengineeringresearchanddevelopmenthavereceivedmuchattentionsincethefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.Thisvaluableresearchpresentedahugestepforwardinunderstandingearthquakehazardmitigation,whichresultedinappreciablereductionoftheeffectsofpastearthquakes.Nevertheless,the2011Tohokuearthquakeandthesubsequenttsunamiresultedinmajordamage.Thispaperpresentsthetimelineofearthquakemitigationandrecovery,asseenbytheauthors.Possibleresearchdirectionswheretheauthorsthinkthatmanyopenquestionsstillremainareidentified.Theseareprimarilybasedontheimportantlessonslearnedfromthe2011Tohokuearthquake.

简介：暴风雨(SDS)天气从1980～2011在东北亚洲上处理的地区性的沙灰尘的典型分布用气象学的数据，大气的发出声音数据，中国高密度天气数据，NCEP/NCAR分析数据，以及转存的原版捱过的分享的世界气象组织表面车站被调查中国的地图。集中加权的轨道(享特威)方法被用来从分离车站数据计算SDS频率并且在东北亚洲追踪大规模地区性的SDS天气进程。一个花键趋势分析方法被采用调查SDS天气系统的可变性。结果证明在19802011期间，SDS天气过程与近似10年的高度低的出现摆动展出历史的坚持和突然的转变。通过大气的循环的合成分析在高、低的SDS年期间，SDS出现是，这被发现仔细与北极旋涡和midlatitude的异例有关西，并且在湖贝加尔湖附近的发行量模式。在高频率年期间，meridianal在东亚在高SDS走廊上面流动在上面、中间的对流层(从沿着西北和诺思中国，朝鲜半岛，和日本岛的巴尔克哈什湖)比meridianal流动在低SDS频率年期间的显然强壮，在midlatitude区域赞成SDS的发展和运输。

简介：这份报纸在水分泌物的时间系列和黄河的沉积负担检验变化进Bohai海。为了决定突然的变化的特征和水的多尺度的时期，分泌物和沉积装载，从Lijin的数据车站被分析，并且回声时期当时是计算的。Mann-Kendall测试，聚类的顺序，力量光谱，和小浪分析被用来在最后62年观察水分泌物和沉积负担进海。在进海的水分泌物的最重要的突然的变化在1985发生了，并且在沉积负担的一个突然的变化发生在一样的年里。分别地，64.6%和73.8%的重要减少在1985前在水分泌物和沉积负担被观察。在水分泌物和沉积负担的更重要的突然的变化在1968和1996被观察。进Bohai海表演的水分泌物和沉积负担的特征在内部年度、十的规模的周期的摆动。而沉积负担的主要经期是10.67年，4.27年，和2.78年，水分泌物的主要经期是9.14年和3.05年。在水分泌物和沉积负担之间的重要回声时期在下列时间的规模被观察：2.86年，4.44年，和13.33年。水分泌物和沉积负担开始在1970以后减少并且自从1985，为几个原因显著地减少了。第一，黄河排水区域的降水后来减少了1970。第二，大规模人的活动例如水库和制约的大楼，增加了。第三，自从1985，水和土壤保存生效了。

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简介：湖冰物候学，即预定冰冻期和分散和冰盖子的持续时间，在地区性的气候被认为是变化的重要指示物。基于湖，包括MODIS的一些中等高度的分辨率遥感数据集和LandsatTM/ETM+图象的边界数据和气象学的数据，在HohXil区域的湖冰物候学的空间时间的变化在时期期间，20002011被使用RS和GIS技术分析。并且影响湖冰物候学的因素也被识别。一些结论能如下被得出。(1)冰冻期开始(FUS)和湖冰的冰冻期结束(FUE)的时间出现了在迟了Octoberearly11月，mid-Novemberearly12月分别地。湖冰冰冻期的持续时间是大约半个月。分散开始(公共汽车)和湖冰的分散结束(BUE)的时间相对被驱散，并且出现在早Februaryearly6月，早Mayearly6月分别地。平均的冰持续时间(标志)和湖的完全的冰持续时间(首领)分别地是196天和181天。(2)在HohXil区域的湖冰的物候学在最后10年里戏剧性地变化了。明确地，湖冰的FUS和FUE时间显示出一个逐渐地推迟的趋势。相反，公共汽车和湖冰的BUE时间介绍了进展。这导致了湖的标志和首领的减小。一般水准分别地标志和首领were2.21d／aand1.91d／a评价。(3)物候学的变化和湖冰的进化是本地、气候的因素的结果。海岸线的温度，湖区域，咸度和形状是影响湖冰的物候学的主要因素。然而，象热能力那样的另外的因素和湖的地质的结构不应该也被忽略。(4)湖冰冰冻期的空间过程与它的分散过程相反。从湖岸的一个方面延长到相反的方面的湖冰的类型是在HohXil区域的大多数。

简介：Inrecentyears,Chinahaspromulgatedmanylawsandregulationsofenvironmentalprotection,graduallyforminganenvironmentalregulationsystem,andmostenterprisesareunderthedualpressureofenvironmentalprotectionandbusinessperformance.ItwouldbeasignificantwaythatenterprisesundertakeR&Dactivitiesforachange.ThispaperisbasedontheShanghaiandShenzhenA-sharelistedheavypollutionenterprisesin2011-2016,whichisbasedonthereviewandsummaryofresearchresultsofformerresearchers,combiningwithcurrentenvironmentalregulationsituationofourcountry,raisingtherelevanthypothesisbetweenenvironmentalregulations,R&Dinvestmentandbusinessperformanceagainstheavypollutionindustry.Adoptingthemethodofempiricalresearch,italsobuiltthelinearregressionmodelwhichemploystherelevantfinancialdataofheavy-pollutingenterprisesinChinaasthestatisticalresearchsample.Therelationshipforheavy-pollutingenterprisesaffectedbyenvironmentalregulationsbetweenenvironmentalprotectionR&Dinvestmentandenterprisebusinessperformancewastested.TheresultsshowthatthereisapositiveinfluenceontheenvironmentalR&Dinvestmentandbusinessperformance,andalageffectupontheR&Dinvestmentofenterprisestobusinessperformance.Finally,theresearchresultswereusedtoevaluatesproblemsexistingintheR&DinvestmentonpollutionindustryinChinaaswellasbusinessperformanceandweputforwardsomesuggestionsonimprovingenvironmentalregulationstandardsandtechnologyinnovationconsciousnessaswellasoptimizingthestructureofR&Dinvestment.

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简介：Researchingthedynamicdistributioncharacteristicsandtrendevolutionofagriculturalcarbonemissionsisofconsiderablesignificanceinformulatinganeffectiveagriculturalcarbonreductionpolicy.Basedonmeasurementofagriculturalcarbonemissionsof31provincesovertheperiod2002-2011,thestudyobservedregionaldifferencesandthedynamicevolutionofdistributionofagriculturalcarbonemissionsusingagriculturalcarbonintensityastheindicator,accompaniedbyGinicoefficientsandthekerneldensityestimationmethod.TheresultsdemonstratefirstthatagriculturalcarbonemissionsforChinashowanobviousnonequilibriumnatureinregardtospatialdistribution.Accordingtothedifferencesinagriculturalcarbonemissionsdynamictrends,wedividedthe31regionsintofourtypes-continuousdecline,fluctuatingdecline,continuousincrease,andfluctuatingincrease.Further,agriculturalcarbonemissionsintensityshowedadownwardtrendwithsignificantdifferencesintheresearchareas.Second,thegapinspatialdistributionofnationalagriculturalcarbonemissionsisgraduallyexpandingbasedontheresultscalculatedbyGinicoefficient.Fromtheperceptionofregionaldifferencesinagriculturalcarbonemissions,theeasternregionshowedanaveragelevel,thegapwasmoreobviousinthecentralregion,whilewesternregionshowedatrendoffluctuatingdownward.Third,accordingtoestimationbykerneldensity,theregionaldisparityinagriculturalcarbonemissionshadadownward,butlimited,trend.Inregardtoagriculturalcarbonemissionsoverthethreeareas,theregionalgapnotonlytendedtodecreasebutalsoshoweda"fourway"differentiationphenomenonintheeasternregion.Thedifferenceinthecentralregiondifferencewasnarrower.Onthewhole,thegapforthewesternregionreducedsteadilyoverasmallrange.

简介：DataobtainedbyGRACE(GravityRecoveryandClimateExperiment)havebeenusedtoinvertfortheseismicsourceparametersofmegathrustearthquakesundertheassumptionofeitheruniformslipoveranentirefaultorapoint-likeseismicsource.Herein,wefurtherextendtheinversionofGRACElong-wavelengthgravitychangestoheterogeneousslipdistributionsduringthe2011Tohokuearthquakeusingthreefaultmodels:(I)aconstant-strikeandconstant-dipfault,(II)avariabledipfault,and(III)arealisticallyvaryingstrikefault.Byremovingthepost-seismicsignalfromthetimeseries,andtakingtheeffectofoceanwaterredistributionintoaccount,weinvertforslipmodelsI,II,andIIIusingco-seismicgravitychangesmeasuredbyGRACE,de-stripedbyDDK3decorrelationfilter.Thetotalseismicmomentsofourslipmodels,withrespectivevaluesof4.9×1022Nm,5.1×1022Nm,and5.0×1022Nm,aresmallerthanthoseobtainedbyotherstudiesrelyingonGRACEdata.Theresultingcentroidsarealsolocatedatgreaterdepths(20km,19.8km,and17.4km,respectively).BycombiningonshoreGPS,GPS-Acoustic,andGRACEdata,weobtainajointlyinvertedslipmodelwithaseismicmomentof4.8×1022Nm,whichislargerthantheseismicmomentobtainedusingonlytheGPSdisplacements.Weshowthattheslipinvertedfromlowdegreespace-bornegravimetricdata,whichcontainsinformationattheoceanregion,isaffectedbythestrikeofthearcuatetrench.Thespace-bornegravimetricdatahelpusconstrainthesourceparametersofamegathrustearthquakewithintheframeofheterogeneousslipmodels.

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简介：DearReader:ContemporaryInternationalRelationsisanEnglishmonthlyjournalpublishedbytheChinaInstituteofContemporaryInternationalRela-tions.Itisnowinthefifthyearofpublication,andisfavourablyre-ceivedbyinternationalacademiccommunity,especiallythediplomatic

简介：AstheJournalofEarthquakeEngineeringandEngineeringVibrationentersitsfourthyearofpublication,webelievethefirstsixissuesareontherighttracktowardpromotingscientificexchangebetweenChina,theUnitedStatesandtheinternationalcommunity.OurcontributorshavehailedfrommanycountriesthroughouttheworldincludingCanada,China,Greece,Italy,India,Japan,Korea,NewZealand,TurkeyandtheUnitedStates.

简介：DisseminatingscientificknowledgehasalwaysbeenakeytopicinIUGS'activities.TheUnionhasproducedarangeofpublications(books,journals,maps,charts),bothonitsownandincooperationwithotherorganizationsandpublishers.Someoftheseworkshavebeenconcernedwithgeologicalstandards,whileothershavebeenoverviewsofcurrenttopics,

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