简介：

简介：ThisissueofJournalofSportandHealthSciencecontainsapoint-counterpointdiscussionofhamstringinjuriesinsprintrunningbythegroupsofDrs.LiuandYu.~(1–4)Theyproposedifferentmechanismsofmuscleinjuriesingeneral,andhamstringinjuriesinsprintrunningspecifically.Yuetal.2,4presentevidencesuggestingthathamstringinjuriesareprimarilycausedbyexcessivemusclestrainduringeccentriccontraction.Inmaximaleffortsprintrunning,excessivemusclestrains

简介：

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatechoroidalthicknessinpregnantwomenandcomparethemeasurementswiththoseofnormalnonpregnantwomen.METHODS:Usingenhanceddepthimagingopticalcoherencetomography(EDI-OCT),choroidalthicknesswasmeasuredatthefoveaandat1mmand3mmsuperior,inferior,temporal,andnasaltothefoveainbothhealthypregnantwomenandnonpregnantwomen.Pearsoncorrelationanalysiswasperformedtoevaluatetherelationshipsbetweensubfovealchoroidalthickness(SFCT)andthedemographicandocularparameters.Pooledoddsratio(OR)and95%confidenceinterval(CI)werecalculatedusingfixed-effectsmodelwhenMeta-analyseswereconducted.RESULTS:Comparisonofchoroidalthicknessbetweenthegroupsshowedthatitwassignificantlygreaterinhealthypregnantwomen’seyesthaninnormalnonpregnantwomen’seyesatalllocationsexceptat3mmsuperiorand3mmtemporalfromthefovea(P<0.05).ThemeanSFCTwas344.13±50.94μminhealthypregnantwomen’seyesand315.03±60.57μminnormalnonpregnantwomen’seyes,withastatisticallysignificantdifference(P=0.008).PearsoncorrelationanalysisshowedthatageandaxiallengthweresignificantlyrelatedtoSFCTinhealthypregnantwomen,normalnonpregnantwomen,andallsubjects.Theresultsofourcross-sectionalstudywereconsistentwiththeresultsofthefurtherMeta-analysis,withapooledweightedmeandifference(WMD)of33.66μm(95%CI:26.16to41.15)forSFCT.CONCLUSION:Ourresults,alongwiththecomprehensiveMeta-analysis,suggestthatchoroidalthicknessinhealthypregnantwomenisgreaterthanthatinnormalnonpregnantwomen.

简介：

简介：AbstractBackground:Several recent genome-wide association studies suggested insomnia and anemia may share some common genetic components. We thus examined whether adults with anemia had higher odds of having insomnia relative to those without anemia in a cross-sectional study and a meta-analysis.Methods:Included in this cross-sectional study were 12,614 Chinese adults who participated in an ongoing cohort, the Kailuan Study. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin levels below 12.0 g/dL in women and 13.0 g/dL in men. Insomnia was assessed using the Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). A total AIS score ≥6 was considered insomnia. The association between anemia and insomnia was assessed using a logistic regression model, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, chronic disease status, and plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. A meta-analysis was conducted using the fixed effects model to pool results from our study and three previously published cross-sectional studies on this topic in adult populations.Results:Individuals with anemia had greater odds of having insomnia (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.70) compared with individuals without anemia. A significant association persisted after we excluded individuals with chronic inflammation, as suggested by C-reactive protein levels >1 mg/L (adjusted OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.22-2.32). The meta-analysis results, including 22,134 participants, also identified a positive association between anemia and insomnia (pooled OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.22-1.57).Conclusions:The presence of anemia was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of having insomnia in adults. Due to the nature of the cross-sectional study design, results should be interpreted with caution.

简介：打印的3D变得流行并且广泛地在最近的年里在各种各样的应用被使用了。越来越多的家用户有动机设计他们的自己的模型然后用3D打印机制作他们。然而，打印目标可以有结构的一些或因为用户可以是3D模型上的压力分析上的知识的缺乏，强调缺点。在这份报纸，我们在场帮助用户分析的一条途径一模型结构的力量当设计它的形状时。我们采用部分结构的分析而不是常规女性(有限元素方法)计算地昂贵的分析。基于部分结构的分析，我们在集成网孔设计帮助的途径进口骨骼，力量计算和网孔修正很好。骨骼能也指导节为分析造和负担计算。为有在在从分析结果的模型的阀值价值上的高应力的弱区域，我们的系统由放大骨骼的相应骨头以便使这些区域足够生硬改正他们。很多个实验表明了我们的途径的适用性和有实行可能。

简介：无

简介：AbstractBackground:The prevalence of skin diseases and diabetes mellitus (DM) are prominent around the world. The current scope of knowledge regarding the prevalence of skin diseases and comorbidities with type 2 DM (T2DM) is limited, leading to limited recognition of the correlations between skin diseases and T2DM.Methods:We collected 383 subjects from the Da Qing Diabetes Study during the period from July 9th to September 1st, 2016. The subjects were categorized into three groups: Normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and T2DM. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of skin diseases were recorded and investigated.Results:In this cross-sectional study, 383 individuals with ages ranging from 53 to 89-year-old were recruited. The overall prevalence of skin diseases was 93.5%, and 75.7% of individuals had two or more kinds of skin diseases. Additionally, there were 47 kinds of comorbid skin diseases in patients with T2DM, of which eight kinds of skin diseases had a prevalence >10%. The prevalence of skin diseases in NGT, IGT, and T2DM groups were 93.3%, 91.5%, and 96.6%, respectively; stratified analysis by categories showed a statistically significant difference in "disturbances of pigmentation" and "neurological and psychogenic dermatoses" . The duration of T2DM also significantly associated with the prevalence of "disturbances of pigmentation" and "neurological and psychogenic dermatoses" . Subsequently, the prevalence of "disturbances of pigmentation" was higher in males than females in NGT (P < 0.01) and T2DM (P < 0.01) groups. In addition, the difference in the prevalence of "disturbances of pigmentation" was also significant in NGT and T2DM groups (P < 0.01).Conclusions:There was a high prevalence of skin diseases in the Da Qing Diabetes Study. To address the skin diseases in the Da Qing Diabetes Study, increased awareness and intervention measures should be implemented.

简介：AbstractObjective:Awareness regarding the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation are commonly neglected in Asian countries. This study sought to evaluate the ultraviolet radiation knowledge and photoprotective behaviors of university students in Indonesia.Methods:This observational cross-sectional was conducted at Pelita Harapan University, Indonesia.Results:A total of 89 (45.4%) medical students and 107 (54.6%) nonmedical students participated in this study. Their mean age was 21.03 ± 2.03 years, and 46.4% of them had Fitzpatrick type III skin. Medical students as well as older students exhibited a higher level of knowledge regarding photoprotection (P ≤ 0.05). Factors related to good photoprotective behaviors were sex, older age, and average expenditure on skincare. Further analysis revealed that a high level of knowledge regarding photoprotection was related to acceptable photoprotective behaviors (P = 0.01; odds ratio = 1.97; 95% confidence interval = 1.13-3.54).Conclusions:Knowledge regarding sun-related damage and practice of photoprotective behaviors were low among the participants. The results indicate that formal education and academic subjects should incorporate the topic of sun-related damage and promote the practice of photoprotective behaviors early on to increase awareness among populations.

简介：在这份报纸，在关上的geodesics的存在和完全的noncompactRiemannianmanifolds的体积生长之间的关系被学习。首先，作者证明这的diffeomorphic结果一与nonnegativen歧管部分弯曲，它改进Marenich-Toponogovs定理。作为应用，一条刚硬定理被获得因为nonnegatively弯了开歧管它包含一关门测地学。下次，作者证明关于为有部分弯曲的Riemannianmanifolds的关上的geodesics的不存在的一条定理从在下面跳了由一个否定常数。

简介：AbstractObjective:This study was performed to estimate the prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in China and describe the demographic and clinical features of HS in the Chinese population.Methods:This multicenter clinic-based cross-sectional study was conducted in dermatology clinics within 19 hospitals located in 15 cities/provinces across China from September to October 2020. The prevalence of HS was calculated as the percentage of patients with HS among all visitors at participating clinics during the 1-month study period. HS was independently diagnosed by two certified dermatologists at each site. All visitors at participating clinics were screened, and all patients with HS were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey to elucidate the demographics and clinical features of HS in the Chinese population.Results:We identified 92 patients with HS among 274,742 visitors at participating clinics. The prevalence rate was 0.03349% or 33.49 per 100,000 population (95% confidence interval, 26.64-40.32), and the female:male ratio was 1.0:4.7.Conclusion:The overall prevalence of HS in China was lower than that in Western and other Asian countries with a predominance of male patients.

简介：AbstractBackground:Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to determine the CV risk in Chinese patients with T2D based on the 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and CV diseases.Methods:A total of 25,411 patients with T2D, who participated in the study of China Cardiometabolic Registries 3B study, were included in our analysis. We assessed the proportions of patients in each CV risk category according to 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines.Results:Based on the 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines, 16,663 (65.6%), 1895 (7.5%), and 152 (0.6%) of patients were included in "very high risk," "high risk," and "moderate risk" categories, respectively. The proportions of patients in each category varied based on age, sex, body mass index, and duration. While 58.7% (9786/16,663) of elderly patients were classified to "very high risk" group, 89.6% (3732/4165) of patients with obesity were divided into "very high risk" group. Almost all patients with a duration of diabetes >10 years had "very high risk" or "high risk." However, 6701 (26.4%) of Chinese T2D patients, who had shorter duration, and one or two risk factors, could not be included in any category (the "unclear risk" category).Conclusions:In China, most patients with T2D have "very high" or "high" CV risk based on 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines. However, the risk of patients in "unclear risk" group needs to be further classified.

简介：

简介：AbstractPurpose:Boarding is a common problem in the emergency department (ED) and is associated with poor health care and outcome. Imam Khomeini Hospital is the main healthcare center in Urmia, a metropolis in the northwest of Iran. Due to the overcrowding and high patient load, we aim to characterize the rate, cause and consequence of boarding in the ED of this center.Methods:All medical records of patients who presented to the ED of Imam Khomeini Hospital from August 1, 2017 to August 1, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with uncompleted records were excluded. Boarding was defined as the inability to transfer the admitted ED patients to a downstream ward in ≥2 h after the admission order. Demographic data, boarding rate, mortality and triage levels (1-5) assessed by emergency severity index were collected and analyzed. The first present time of patients was classified into 4 ranges as 0:00-5:59, 6:00-11:59, 12:00-17:59 and 18:00-23:59. Descriptive, parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were performed and the risk of boarding was determined by Pearson Chi-square test.Results:Demographic data analysis showed that 941 (58.5%) male and 667 (41.5%) female, altogether 1608 patients were included in this study. Five patients (0.3%) died. The distribution of patients with the triage levels 1-5 was respectively 79 (4.9%), 1150 (71.5%), 374 (23.3%), 4 (0.2%) and 0 (0%). Most patients were of level 2. Only 75 (4.7%) patients required intensive care. The majority of patients (84.2%) were presented at weekdays. The maximum patient load was observed between 12:00-17:59. Of the 1608 patients, 340 (21.1%) experienced boarding within a mean admission time of 13.70 h. Among the 340-boarded patients, 20.1% belonged to surgery, 12.1% to orthopedics, 10.9% to neurosurgery and 10.3% to neurology. The boarding rate was higher in females, patients requiring intensive care and those with low triage levels. Compared with the non-boarded, the boarded patients had a higher mean age.Conclusion:The boarding rate is higher in the older and female patients. Moreover, boarding is dependent on the downstream ward sections: patients requiring surgical management experience the maximum boarding rate.

简介：无

简介：

简介：Weobtaintheexpressionsforsectionalcurvature,holomorphicsectionalcurvatureandholomorphicbisectionalcurvatureofaGCR-lightlikesubmanifoldofanindefinitenearlyKhlermanifoldandobtaincharacterizationtheoremsforholomorphicsectionalandholomorphicbisectionalcurvature.WealsoestablishaconditionforaGCR-lightlikesubmanifoldofanindefinitecomplexspaceformtobeanullholomorphicallyflat.

简介：无

简介：无