简介：On16December2002,theUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly(UNGA)declaredtheyear2004theInternationalYearofRice(IYR).ThededicationofanInternationalYeartorice,asinglecrop,isunprecedentedinUNGA~shistory.IndeclaringtheIYR,theUNGArecognizedthatriceistheprimaryfoodsourceformorethanhalfoftheworld'spopulationandthatenhancing

简介：Microbecommunitiesinrhizosphereecosystemsareimportantforplanthealthbutthereislimitedknowledgeofthemintherhizospheresofgeneticallymodified(GM)plants,especialfortreespecies.WeusedtheamplitudesequencingmethodtoanalyzetheV4regionsofthe16SrRNAgenetoidentifychangesinbacterialdiversityandcommunitystructureintwoGMlines(D520andD521),onenon-geneticallymodified(nonGM)lineandinuncultivatedsoil.Afterchimerafiltering,468.133sequencesinthedomainBacteriaremained.Thereweretendominanttaxonomicgroups(with[1%ofallsequences)acrossthesamples.241of551genera(representingaratioof97.33%)werecommontoallsamples.AVenndiagramshowedthat1.926operationaltaxonomicunits(OTUs)weresharedbyallsamples.Wefoundaspecificchange,areductioninChloroflexi,inthemicroorganismsintherhizospheresoilplantedwithpoplars.Takentogether,theresultsshowedfewstatisticaldifferencesinthebacterialdiversityandcommunitystructurebetweentheGMlineandnon-GMline,thissuggeststhattherewasnoorverylimitedimpactofthisgeneticmodificationonthebacterialcommunitiesintherhizosphere.

简介：Riceisthestaplefoodofmorethanhalfoftheworld'spopulation.Theproduction,processingandmanagementofpaddyricehaveprovidedthebasicconditionsforthelivingofmankind.Theproductionofricehasnotonlycreatedemploymentopportunitiesforonebillionagriculturalpopulationindevelopingnations,buthasalsocontributedtothedevelopmentofthesplendidcultureassociatedwithriceproduction.Hence,effectiveandproductivericesystemsplayaninfluentialroleindevelopmentofeconomyandimprovementofqualityoflife.Inviewofthis,on16December,2002,theUNGeneralAssemblydeclaredtheyearof2004theInternationalYearofRice.

简介：Treegrowthtraits(treeheight,DBHandstemvolume)andsurvivalfromtwo9-year-old,open-pollinatedprogenytestsofChinesefirwereinvestigatedforheritability,genotype9environmentinteraction,age-agegeneticcorrelationandselectionefficiency.The97and79familiesplantedattwositeswerecollectedfromthethirdcycleseedorchard.Individualheritabilitywasestimatedbetween0.05and0.21fortreeheight,DBH,andvolumeandbetween0.45and1.0forsurvival.Fa

简介：Treeimprovementprogramsonloblollypine(Pinustaeda)inthesoutheasternUSAhasfocusedprimarilyonimprovinggrowth,form,anddiseasetolerance.However,duetotherecentreductionofdesignvaluesforvisuallygradedsouthernyellowpinelumber(includingloblollypine),attentionhasbeendrawntothematerialqualityofgeneticallyimprovedloblollypine.Inthisstudy,weusedthetime-of-flight(TOF)acoustictooltoassesstheeffectofgeneticfamiliesondiameter,slenderness,fiberlength,microfibrilangle(MFA),velocityanddynamicstiffnessestimatedusinggreendensity(DMOEG)andbasicdensity(DMOEB)of14-year-oldloblollypinestandsselectedfromtwosites.Allthe184and204treesoftheselectedeighthalf-sibgeneticfamiliesonsites1and2respectivelyweretestedusingTOFacoustictool,andtwo5mmcoresamplestakenatbreastheightlevel(1.3m)usedtofortheanatomicalandphysicalpropertiesanalysis.TheresultsindicatedasignificantpositivelinearrelationshipbetweendynamicMOEs(DMOEGandDMOEB)versustreediameter,slenderness,andfiberlengthwhiledynamicMOEsnegativelybutnonsignificantcorrelatedwithMFA.WhiletherewasnosignificantdifferenceinDMOEBbetweensites;velocity2forsite1wassignificantlyhigherthansite2butDMOEGwashigherforsite2thansite1.Again,themeanDMOEGandDMOEBreportedinthepresentstudypresentsasnapshotoftheexpectedstaticMOEforgreenand12%moistureconditionsrespectivelyforloblollypine.Furthermore,thereweresignificantdifferencesbetweenfamiliesformostofthetraitsmeasuredandthissuggeststhatforestmanagershavetheopportunitytoselectfamiliesthatexhibitthedesiredfibermorphologyforfinalproductperformance.Lastly,sincethedynamicMOEbasedongreendensity(DMOEG),basicdensity(DMOEB)andvelocity2presentdifferenceconclusions,practitionersofthistypeofacoustictechniqueshouldtakecarewhenextrapolatingresultsacrossthesites.