简介：BackgroundFlavonoidsfromfruits,vegetablesandplantshavebeenwidelystudiedontheireffectsofimprovinglipidemia,anti-inflammation,anti-plateletaggregationandanti-oxidativeactivities.However,wedon'tknowifflavonoidsfromrapebeepollenhavethesameeffectsinpatientswithdyslipidemia(DL),type2diabetesmellitus(T2DM),andcerebralinfarction(CI).MethodsThestudyinvolvedwithpatientsselectedanddividedinto4groups,30casesofDL,ofT2DM,ofCIandhealthcontrol(HC)foreach.Fortymgflavonoidsfromrapebeepollenadministratedorallytwiceadayfortwomonths.Bloodsugar(BG),totalcholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),highdensitylipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),lowdensitylipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),whiteblood-cellcounts(WBC),plateletcounts(PLT),high-sensitivityC-reactiveprotein(hsCRP)andmalondialdehyde(MDA)wereanalyzedinfourgroupsbeforeandaftertakingflavonoidsfortwomonths.Results(1)BasiclevelsofTC,BG,WBC,PLTandhsCRPingroupsofT2DM,CI,andTGandMDAingroupsofDL,T2DMandCIweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinHC(P<0.05-0.001).(2)ThelevelsofTG,WBC,PLT,hsCRPandMDAweresignificantlydecreased,whileHDL-Cwasremarkablyincreasedaftertakingflavonoidsfortwomonths(P<0.05-0.001)ingroupofDL,T2MD,andCI.TheseindexeswerenotdifferentinthegroupofHCaftertakingflavonoids(P>0.05).ConclusionsTheresultscouldindicatemetabolicdisturbance,inflammation,andhighoxidativestressinpatientswithdyslipidemisa,type2diabetesmellitus,andcerebralinfarction.Theflavonoidsfromrapebeepollenmayhaveeffectsofantioxidantactivity,improvinglipids,andanti-inflammationonthesepatients.

简介：AbstractObjective:Clinical practice guidelines can improve healthcare processes and patient outcomes; however, the quality of these guidelines varies greatly in China. The aim of this study was to construct a comprehensive instrument for the appraisal of clinical practice guidelines in China (AGREE-CHINA), and to validate its reliability as a tool for helping potential guideline users in assessing guideline quality.Methods:First, an interdisciplinary working group was established for developing the methods. They also created a checklist as a tool according to the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) standards, considering the particularity of Chinese clinical practice. Next, the first draft of AGREE-China was developed by vote, modification, preliminary trial, and cross-verification. To ensure the objectivity, credibility, and reproducibility of the draft assessment, all of the checklists and standards were cross-reviewed fairly widely. Finally, AGREE-CHINA and AGREE II were used to assess the Chinese guidelines published in the past five years, and the results were compared.Results:The presented AGREE-CHINA covered five main checkpoints (science and rigor, effectiveness and safety, economy, usability and feasibility, and conflicts of interest) with each point divided into several more specific checkpoints. Definitions and rationales for each main checkpoint appear in the Appendix. The quality ratings based on the total scores of AGREE-China and AGREE II were consistent (r = 0.508, P = 0.020). Compared with AGREE II, the study showed a higher level of interrater-reliability for AGREE-CHINA overall (ICC = 0.957, P < 0.001). The mean time required for AGREE-CHINA was less than that for AGREE II; this was approximately 30 minutes for every assessment. User satisfaction was generally high.Conclusions:This paper has presented the first edition of the AGREE-CHINA appraisal tool for clinical guidelines. It is quick and easy to use; it assesses and performs well in comparison to AGREE II. This first version of AGREE-CHINA will require further development and validation.

简介：ＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＡＲＣＯＤＥＡＮＤＮＯＶＥＬＬＮＥＴＷＯＲＫＩＮＡＵＴＯＭＡＴＩＣＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＣＨＥＭＩＳＴＲＹＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＡＲＣＯＤＥＡＮＤＮＯＶＥＬＬＮＥＴＷＯＲＫＩＮＡＵＴＯＭＡＴＩＣＡＮＡＬ...

简介：目的：回顾1954～2007年针灸文献，探索针灸治疗脑性瘫痪用穴和治疗方法的规律。方法：根据《中国现代针灸信息数据库》数据，采用计量分析方法进行综合分析。结果：足三里、曲池、合谷应用频次为最，百会、四神聪等头部穴位的应用也较频繁，治疗方法以针刺、头针、水针为主。结论：针刺疗法的介入可以提高脑性瘫痪的疗效。建议取百会、四神聪、足三里、曲池、合谷为针灸治疗脑性瘫痪的基础方。

简介：Withaself-madenear-infraredanalyticalinstrumenttobloodandoxygenparametersinhumanbrain,80casesinwhich20arehealthypersonsand30areanaesthetisedcasesandothersarepatientswithheartfunctionlackistakentoexamine,andthedataofbloodandoxygeninbraintissuewerecollectedandanalyzedbythemethodofpowerspectrumandcorrelationfunction.Theresultsindicatethat:(1)Theaveragebrainoxygensaturationofhealthypersonsandanaesthetisedcasesisabout80%,inaccordwithnormalparameterofphysiology.Contrastively,theaveragebrainoxygensaturationofpatientswithheartfunctionlackis72.8%,whichisobviouslylessthanthatofhealthypersonsandanaesthetisedcases.Theprobabilityofmedicalstatisticsislessthan0.01.(2)Theshapesofwaveofbrainbloodandoxygenforthehealthypersonandtheanaesthetisedcaserevealsmallperiodicalfluctuationswithstableshapeandbaseline,andthetrendofincreaseordecreaseofbloodandoxygenparametersinbraintissueissynchronousandaphasereversal,butforthepatientwithheartfunctionlackinabrainoxygenlackstate,theshapesofwaveareirregular.Thisisahintthatnearinfraredlightpassingthroughtissuecanreflecttheintuitionisticchangeofbrainbloodandoxygenparameters.(3)Thepowerspectraofbrainbloodandoxygenforthehealthypersonandtheanaesthetisedcasehasaclearmainpeak,narrowbandwidthandperfectsuperpositioneachother,butthepowerspectraforthepatientwithheartfunctionlackinabrainoxygenlackstateisonthecontrary.(4)Theaveragecrosscorrelationcoefficientofbrainbloodandoxygenforhealthypersonsandanaesthetisedcasesis-0.9825±0.1027closeto-1.Buttheaveragecrosscorrelationcoefficientforpatientswithheartfunctionlackinabrainoxygenlackstateismerely-0.8923±0.1035whichisobviouslygreaterthan-1andtheprobabilityofmedicalstatisticsislessthan0.01.Theclinicexperimentshaveprovedthattheshapes

简介：目的：观察针药结合治疗陧性盆腔炎的临床疗效。方法：将符合纳入标准的88例慢性盆腔炎患者随机分入治疗组或对照组，治疗组45例，采用针刺配合中药治疗；对照组43例，口服妇科千金胶囊治疗。结果：治疗3个月经周期后，治疗组痊愈28例，显效9例，有效4例，无效4例，总有效率91．1％；对照组痊愈7例，显效8例，有效15例，无效13例，总有效率69．8％，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），治疗组疗效优于对照组。半年后随访，治疗组复发率明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：针药结合治疗浸性盆腔炎疗效好，不易复发。

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简介：Cancertreatmentfailure,drugresistance,ormetastaticrecurrencearethoughttobecausedmainlybytheexistenceofaverysmallnumberofcancerstemcells(CSCs).Thecharacteristicsofthissubgroupofcellsincludeself-renewal,tumorigenesis,multipledifferentiationandhighinvasiveness,metastasis,anddrugresistancepotential.ManystudieshavedemonstratedthatCSCsplayimportantrolesintumorgrowth,spreadandmetastaticrelapseaftertreatment,andarecloselyrelatedtotheprognosisofpatients.Fromatherapeuticviewpoint,deepinsightsintotheCSCsbiology,developmentofspecifictherapeuticstrategiesfortargetingCSCs,andcharacterizationoftheirmicroenvironmentcouldbeanidealwaytocombatcancer.

简介：ⅠLowerBackPainLowerbackpainisacommondiseasechar-acterizedbypaininthelumbarregion.Thepainmaybeononesideandmaybeontwosides.Clinically,lowerbackpaincanbefoundinvari-ousdiseasessuchassofttissueinjury,diseasesofthespine,anddiseasesoftheinternalorgans,etc..

简介：瞄准：在食道的有鳞的房间癌(ESCC)调查midkine的表示并且与clinicopathological特征分析它的关系。方法：RT-PCR和免疫细胞化学的染色被用来分别地在EC109房间检测midkinemRNA和蛋白质的表示。然后，在ESCC样品的66种情况中的midkine的表示被免疫组织化学对人的midkine用单音的同种细胞的抗体检测。结果：Midkine被RT-PCR和免疫细胞化学在EC109房间表示。免疫反应在56.1%被检测(37/66)ESCC样品。midkine的表示在肿瘤房间的细胞质被发现。尤其是，midkine的紧张在充满容器和肿瘤的入侵的边阶的区域是更强壮的。Midkine更强烈地比在中等并且糟糕区分的肿瘤在很好区分的肿瘤(76.9%)被表示(43.1%和41.2%，分别地)(P<0.05)。在midkine之间没有统计上重要的关联在ESCC的表示和性，年龄，临床的阶段，淋巴节点转移或幸存。结论：Midkine完了在ESCC表示了。它可以在肿瘤血管生成和侵略起一个作用。midkine的表示在ESCC与肿瘤细胞分化被相关。肿瘤房间区分越多糟糕，midkine表示越多weaker。

简介：OBJECTIVE:Radiation-inducedmeningiomasareknowntooccurafterhighandlow-dosecranialradiationtherapy.Thegoalofthisstudywastodiscernthedistinguishingfindingsandcharacteristicsofradiation-inducedmeningiomas.METHODS:Therecordsof16patients(sevenmenandninewomen)whofulfilledthecriteriaforradiation-inducedmeningiomaswereretrospectivelyreviewed.Clinical,histopathological,cytokinetic,andcytogeneticfindingsaswellasthepatients'outcomewereanalyzed.Themeanageofthepatientswas38.8yearsandthemeantumorlatencywas26.5years.Fivepatientshadmultiplemeningiomasintheirradiatedfield.Therecurrenceratewas100%aftertheinitialresection;62%ofpatientshadasecondrecurrenceand17%hadathirdrecurrence.Thirtyeightpercentofpatientshadatypicalormalignanthistopathologicalfindings.Thepresenceofprogesteronereceptorsandlowproliferation

简介：AbstractLung cancer is a malignant tumor characterized by a rapid proliferation rate, less survivability, high mortality, and metastatic potential. This review focuses on updated research about the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant therapy to lung cancer treatment and the mechanisms of TCM effect on lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. We summarized the recent 5 years of different research progress on clinical applications and antitumor mechanisms of TCM in the treatment of lung cancer. As a potent adjuvant therapy, TCM could enhance conventional treatments (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and epidermal growth factor receptors [EGFRs] tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs]) effects as well as provide synergistic effects, enhance chemotherapy drugs chemosensitivity, reverse drug resistance, reduce adverse reactions and toxicity, relieve patients’ pain and improve quality of life (QOL). After treating with TCM, lung cancer cells will induce apoptosis and/or autophagy, suppress metastasis, impact immune reaction, and therapeutic effect of EGFR-TKIs. Therefore, TCM is a promisingly potent adjuvant therapy in the treatment of lung cancer and its multiple mechanisms are worthy of an in-depth study.

简介：Onetosixpercentofpatientswithmicroscopiccolitisarerefractorytomedicaltreatment.Theeffectoffaecalmicrobiotatransplantation(FMT)inactivecollagenouscolitis(CC)has,tothebestofourknowledge,neverbeenreportedbefore.Here,wereporttheeffectofrepeatedFMTinapatientwithCC.Thepatientpresentedwithseveresymptomsincludingprofusediarrheaandprofoundweightloss.Althoughsherespondedtobudesonideinthebeginning,shebecamegraduallyrefractorytomedicaltreatment,andwasthereforetreatedwithFMT.Thepatientremainedinremissionfor11moafterthethirdfaecaltransplantation.Theimmunomodulatoryeffectofthetherapywasevaluatedusingflowcytometry,whichshowedalterationsintheprofileofintraepithelialandlaminaproprialymphocytesubsetsafterthesecondtransplantation.OurobservationsindicatethatFMTcanhaveaneffectinCC,whichsupportthehypothesisthatluminalfactors,influencingtheintestinalmicrobiota,areinvolvedinthepathogenesisofCC.

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简介：Objective:Toobservethetherapeuticeffectofcombinedtreatmentofdiabetesmellitus(DM)anditscomplications.Methods:30casesofnoninsulindependentdiabetesweretreatedbyelectroacupuncture(EA)ofTianzhu(天柱BL10),Dashu(大杼BL11),Fengmen(风门BL12),Jueyinshu(厥阴俞BL14),etc,massageattheacupointsalongtheBladderMeridian,pointinjectionofVitaminB1,B6,B12pluslidocaineatNeiguan(内关PC6)andSanyinjiao(三阴交SP6,onceevery3days),cuppingandphysiotherapycomprehensively.Thetherapeuticeffectwasanalyzedafter40treatments.Results:Aftertreatment,ofthe30cases,23(76.7%)experiencedremarkableimprovementintheirsymptomsandtherest7(23.3%)hadimprovement,withthetotaleffectiveratebeing100%.Conclusion:TheabovementionedcombinedtreatmentmethodworkswellinimprovingclinicalsymptomsoftypeⅡDMpatients.

简介：Objective:Totrytogiveanobjectiveevaluationontheclinicalresearchsituationaboutacupuncturetreatmentoffacialparalysisinthepast50yearsandtrytoprovideapossibleevidenceforclinicalpractice.Methods:Allpapersaresearchedandassessedaccordingtotheinternationalstandardsandclinicalepidemiology.Results:Thereisnosystematicreview(SR)onacupuncturetreatmentoffacialpalsyinatotalof1021articlesenlistedinthepresentpaper.Comparingwiththequantityofthedescriptivestudiesandexpertopinions(constituting84.84%),thatoftherandomizedcontrolledtrials(RCTs)andclinicalcontrolledtrials(CCTs)issmaller(constituting15.16%),be-sides,thequalityofRCTsandCCTsisunsatisfactory.Conclusion:Atpresent,thequantityandqualityofstudieswithRCTsaboutacupuncturetreatmentoffacialparalysiscan'tmeettheneedofclinicalpractice,andinordertoimprovethetherapeuticeffect,ahigherqualityofRCTsandSRisrequired.

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简介：Inthepresentpaper,theauthorsreviewrecentadvancesinclinicalandexperimentalstudiesonacupuncturetreatmentofcerebralhemorrhage(CH).Regardingclinicalstudies,theresuscitation-inducingneedlingmaneuver,andmainpointsofShuigou(水沟GV26),Baihui(百会GV20)andscalp-pointsMotorArea(MS6),SensoryArea(MS7),etc.areofteninvolved.Concerningexperimentalstudies,theunderlyingmechanismsofacupunctureofGV-26+'Neiguan'(内关PC6),GV-20,GV-26+GV-20,etc.inimprovingacuteCHareintroduced.Inaword,acupuncturetherapyworkswellinimprovingclinicalsymptomsandsignsofCHpatients,andacupuncturestimulationinducedameiliorationofcerebralbloodflow,favorablemodulationofsomebioactivesubstancesasexcitatoryandinhibitoryaminoacids,endothelin,CGRP,heatshockprotein70,etc.andneuro-endocrine-immunenetworkmaycontributetotheeffectofacupunctureonCH.Inaddition,acupuncturecombinedwithmedicineandearlierapplicationofacupuncturetherapyintheacutestageofCHarerecommendedinclinicalpractice.

简介：Theimplementationofmolecularprofilingtechnologiesinoncologydeepensourknowledgeforthemolecularlandscapesofcancerdiagnoses,identifyingaberrationsthatcouldbelinkedwithspecifictherapeuticvulnerabilities.Inparticular,thereisanincreasinglistofmolecularlytargetedanticanceragentsundergoingclinicaldevelopmentthataimtoblockspecificmolecularaberrations.Thisleadstoaparadigmshift,withanincreasinglistofspecificaberrationsdictatingthetreatmentofpatientswithcancer.Thisparadigmshiftimpactsthefieldofclinicaltrials,sincetheclassicalapproachofhavingclinico-pathologicaldiseasecharacteristicsdictatingthepatients'enrolmentinoncologytrialsshiftstowardstheimplementationofmolecularprofilingasprescreeningstep.Inordertofacilitatethesuccessfulclinicaldevelopmentofthesenewanticancerdrugswithinspecificmolecularnichesofcancerdiagnoses,therehavebeendevelopednew,innovativetrialdesignsthatcouldbeclassifiedasfollows:i)longitudinalcohortstudiesthatimplement(ornot)'nested'downstreamtrials,2)studiesthatassesstheclinicalutilityofmolecularprofiling,3)'master'protocoltrials,iv)'basket'trials,v)trialsfollowinganadaptivedesign.Inthepresentarticle,wereviewtheseinnovativestudydesigns,providingrepresentativeexamplesfromeachcategoryandwediscussthechallengesthatstillneedtobeaddressedinthiseraofnewgenerationoncologytrialsimplementingmolecularprofiling.Emphasisisputonthefieldofbreastcancerclinicaltrials.