简介:位于中朝板块北部的燕辽裂陷槽是中元古代板内裂解的产物.中元古代的伸展裂解构造诱发强地震.中元古代长城系(1800-1400Ma)的串岭沟组、高于庄组及蓟县系的雾迷山组(1200Ma)中保留有丰富的地震灾变事件记录:各种软沉积物液化变形,如液化砂岩脉;碳酸盐岩中的泥亮晶脉、灰岩墙、液化角砾岩、水塑性变形、各种卷曲构造、环形层、层内粒序断层以及碳酸盐岩成岩初期的脆性变形.这些地震成因的变形构造与同沉积断裂相伴生.依据地震记录,中朝板块北部地区中元古代经历两次板内裂解,即1800-1400Ma之间与1200Ma,1200Ma的裂解导致燕辽裂陷槽的最终形成.燕辽裂陷槽中元古代的古地理格局与两次板内裂解相联系,古海盆的范围、盆地的边界、岩相带均受同时期断裂-地震控制.燕辽裂陷槽的古地理环境是一个深部物质活跃、断裂火山活动剧烈和地震频繁的构造带.
简介:TheGurbantunggutDesertisthelargeststableandsemi-stablesanddesertinChina,yetfewdataexistonvegetationpatternandspecies-environmentrelationshipsforthesediversedesertlandscapes.Thesanddunesofthesurveyareaaremainlyofthelongitudinalformfromnorthtosouth,butcheckerboard-shapedandhoneycomb-shapedformsarealsopresent,withtheheightof10-50m.Wemeasuredvegetationandsoildataonnorth-southtransectsandcomparedthemwithvegetationandsoildataoneast-westtransects.Analysisrevealedthatthevaryingtrendandstrengthofthespeciesdiversity,dominanceandcoveroftheplantcommunitiesinthelongitudinalandtransversedirectionsacrossthelandscapearesignificantlydifferent.TheresultsofCCAordinationshowthatthemicro-habitatsofsoilorganicmatter(OM),soilsalts(TS),sortingindex(σ),topsoilwater-content(SM)andpHrelatetothedifferencesinvegetationobservedasdifferencesinspeciesassemblagefromsalt-intolerantephemerals,micro-subshrubsandsubshrubstosalt-tolerantshrubsandmicro-arbors.Theterrain(alt.)andsoiltexture(thecontentsofMzandφ1)affectthespatialdifferentiationofmanyspecies.However,thisspatialdifferentiationisnotsomarkedontransectsrunninglongitudinallywiththelandscape,inthesamedirectionasthedunes.Thespeciesofthedesertvegetationhaveformedthreeassemblagesundertheactionofhabitatgradients,relatingtothreesectionsrunningtransverselyacrossthelandscape,atrightanglestothedirectionofthedunecrests.Inthemid-eastsectionofthestudyareathetopographyishigher,withsand-landsordune-slopeswithcoarseparticles.HerethedominantvegetationcomprisesshrubsandsubshrubsofSeriphidiumsantoliumandEphedradistachya,withlargenumbersofephemeralandephemeroidplantsofSeneciosubdentatus,andCarexphysodesinspringandsummer.Onthesoilofthedune-slopesinthemidwestofthestudyarea,withcoarseparticlesandabundantTK,theplantassemblageofHaloxylonpersicu
简介:福建省长泰县吴田村有几株神奇又罕见的古树名木。连体“杉榕树”在海拔800多米的吴田村后山岗有棵杉榕连体树,胸围两人合抱,树干高2米处始见油杉枝叶,而树梢却是榕树树冠,中段杉榕枝叶参差,又清晰可认。油杉枝条下垂,叶尖浓绿,榕枝舒展,叶宽青翠。两种枝叶,争奇斗妍,互相媲美,树体共生。据村里90多岁高龄老人说,从前,原是一棵大油杉树,不知何年何月,发现顶端权干处寄生一株小榕树,也许是鸟的功劳吧。日久天长,油杉树冠减少,榕树枝繁叶茂,逐渐形成了杉榕连体的奇观。油杉是国家二级珍稀植物,杉榕融为一体更是奇特。同根“公孙樟”三娘子自然村旁一株千年古樟,胸围四人合抱,躯干铮铮傲骨,枝权交错,翠叶苍龙,历尽沧桑,宛若“绿色的活化石”。仰望擎天巨冠,遮地半亩。西侧2米处,同根萌生的一株大樟