简介：Thermochromicwoodisakindofnewfunctionalmaterials.Itissignificantforthermochromicwooddevelopmenttostudysurfacefreeenergy.SamplesofChinesewhitepoplarwerecoloredusingthermochromicagentthoughthemethodofultrasonicimpregnationanditssurfacefreeenergywasinvestigatedintheexperiment.Theresultsshowedthatthesurfacefreeenergyforuntreated,black-red,orange-yellowandbluethermochromicwoodwas40.25,29.85,28.30and21.05mN/m,respectively.TheFTIRresultsshow...

简介：Inordertoselectasuitablegenotypeforthestudiesongenetictransformation,thedifferenceamongthreegenotypes(DN04-18,DN04-25andDN04-26)ofPopulus×euramericana(Populusdeltoides×P.nigra)intermsofshootregenerationwasinvestigatedinthispaper.AnefficientinvitromicropropagationmethodwassuccessfullyestablishedforgenotypeDN04-18.Thehighfrequencyshootregeneration(90.0%)fromleafdiscswasobtainedingenotypeDN04-18onthemodifiedMurashigeandSkoog(mMS)mediumw...

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简介：Amini-plotfieldexperimentwasconductedonaloamyclayOxisoltocompareandevaluatePabsorptionandtransferinplantorgansandPmovementinsoilprofileatthreePapplicationdepthsunderthesoybean-citrusintercroppingversusthemonocultureusinga32Ptracertechnique.TotalPabsorption(Pt)bysoybeanandPaccumulation(Pa)insoybeanorgansdecreasedsignificantly(P<0.05)undertheintercroppingincontrasttothemonoculture.Withintercropping,when32Pwasappliedintopsoil(15cmsoillayer),total32Pabsorption(32Pt)insoybeanswassignificantlylower(P<0.05),butwhen32Pwasappliedtodeepersoillayers(35or55cmsoillayer),32Ptinsoybeanswassignificantlygreater(P<0.05).ThepercentageofPinleavestototalP(Pa/Pt)and32Pinleavestototal32P(32Pa/32Pt)forsoybeanwere(?)25%andthoseofroot(?)12%.WhenPwasappliedintopsoiland55cmsoillayer,nosignificantdifferenceswerefoundbetweenintercroppingandmonocultureforPtofcitrus.ThePabsorbedbycitruswastransferredrapidlytothegrowingorgansofabovegroundduringtheexperiment,andthespeedoftransferringtothegrowingorgansslowedwhenPwasappliedtothedeepersoillayers.Inintercropping,Pmobilitywasheightenedinthesoilprofile,andPindeepersoillayersmoveduptotopsoilmorerapidly.

简介：Coupledtransferofsoilwaterandheatinclosedcolumnsofhomogeneousredsoilwasstudiedunderlaboratoryconditions.Acoupledmodelwasconstructedusingsoilphysicaltheory,empiricalequationsandexperimentaldatatopredictthecoupledtransfer.Theresultsshowthattransportofsoilwaterwasaffectedbytemperaaturegradient,andthelargestnetwatertransportwasfoundinthesoilcolumnwithinitialwatercontentof0.148m^3m^-3,Atthesametime,temperaturechangeswiththetransportofsoilwaterwasinanonlinearshapeasheatparameterswrefunctionofwatercontent,andthechangesoftemperaturewerepositivelycorrelatedwiththenetamountofwatertransported.Numericalmodellingresultsshowthatthepredictedvaluesoftemperaturedistributionwereclosetotheobservedvalues,whilethepredictedvaluesofwatercontentexhibitedlimiteddeviationatbothendsofthesoilcolumnduetotheslighttemperaturechangesatbothends.ItWASindicatedthatthemodelproposedherewasapplicable.

简介：Invarioustemperatures,theeffectsofinorganicacidsonthefreephenollevelinliquefactionproductswereinvestigated.Inthispaper,thefreephenollevelwasusedasanindicatortoevaluateliquefactionefficiency.Resultsshowedthatsulfuricacidwasthebestamongthe4acids.Undertheconditionofreactiontemperature150oC,reactiontime1.5h,liquefactionratio(liquid/particleboard)4andcontentofsulfuricacid6%,thefreephenollevelintheliquefactionproductsofwasteparticleboardis36.95%,andthatoforiginalparticleboardis24.27%.

简介：因为快速的都市化和工业化，在仙子城市的区域的蔬菜地在中国收到大量体外的重金属。在30的Cu，Zn，和Pb的集中玷污样品和32件蔬菜样品，在中国的南部的江苏省从30个不同地点收集了，被测量，他们到蔬菜的从土壤的转移被决定。结果证明土壤样品有pH的宽范围(4.257.85)并且电的电导率(EC)(0.243.42dSm?1)。在土壤样品之中，有四件土壤样品和比那些在中国土壤指定环境优秀标准II包含更高的Zn集中的二件土壤样品，包含更高的Cu。然而，没有蔬菜样品被发现包含Cu或Zn的高水平。相反，一件蔬菜样品包含了0.243mgPbkg?1FW，在中国食物卫生标准上面，而相应土壤Pb集中比汉语低，玷污环境优秀标准II。所有蔬菜样品的Cu的转移系数超过了建议系数范围，暗示体外的Cu有到蔬菜的高活动性和简历可获得性。在可引出的土壤之间没有重要关联有四种提炼之物和土壤pH的重金属集中，EC，在蔬菜和土壤的重金属集中除了土壤pH与1.0摩尔L与可引出的土壤Cu，Zn，和Pb集中相关很好之外?1NH4NO3。而且，diethylenetriaminepentaacetic酸(DTPA)抽取方法比另外的三个方法使用是从土壤pH和EC的土壤独立人士提取重金属的一个更有效的方法。

简介：在油煎食物的情况中的集体转移参数(有效潮湿扩散性，集体转移Biot数字和集体转移系数)的知识的精确性，为设计必要、重要，建模并且过程优化。这研究被承担为在在150，170和190点在葵花油球形的米饭脆饼油煎期间决定集体转移参数开发一条途径????颏?蒚郧?髧?鯥蒚觩骮鋥???芀吗？

简介：Araucariaangustifolia(Bertol.)O.Kuntzeexhibitsdimorphisminitsstemstructure,wherethetrunkisorthotropicandbranchesandbranchlets(primaryandsecondarybranches)areplagiotropic.Thesestemsexhibitdifferentbehaviorwhenusedforvegetativepropagation,andonlysegmentsoftrunkcanformacompleteplant.Thephysiologicalandbiochemicalmechanismsthatcharacterizethesestemsarestilllittleknown.Theaimofthisstudywastodescribethefreeaminoacidprofilesintrunks,branches,andbranchletsofA.angustifolia.Segmentsof5cminlengthwereexcisedfromyoungindividualsbelowthestemapex.Theneedleswereremovedandsampleswerefrozenandlyophilized.Thedeterminationsweremadebyhigh-performanceliquidchromatography,andtheresultswereexpressedaslg/gfreshweight(FW).Thetrunksandbrancheshadthehighestcontentoftotalaminoacids,whichwere112.23±20.57lg/gFWand111.97±27.78lg/gFW,respectively.Theaminoacids—glutamine,aspartateandc-aminobutyricacidandtyrosine—werenoticeablyhigherinthethreetypesofstems.Inthetrunk,ahigheramountofasparagineandtryptophan,wasalsodetected.Glutamicacidandglutaminewerefoundinhigherquantitiesinthebranches.Thebranchletshadverylowtotalaminoacidcontent(30.79±4.19lg/gFW),whereinasparagineistheonlyaminoacidnotdetected.Thus,itwasobservedthattheprofileofthefreeaminoaciddiffersamongtrunks,branches,andbranchletsinA.angustifolia,indicatingthattheyperformdifferentfunctions.

简介：三个米饭变化，Zhonghan3，Shanyou63和Aizizhan，当在检测微分活跃甲基的材料骑车并且响应干旱应力转移相关基因表示，被使用。实验被在干旱的条件下面的微分显示器技术与10%PEG6000答案模仿了的基因薄片和mRNA执行。结果显示甲基周期能在Zhonghan3和Shanyou63的叶子被激活，但是在干旱应力下面在Aizizhan的叶子禁止了。而且，干旱应力能导致很多methyltransferase基因的表示，特别Rubisco蛋白质methylation的抄写联系了基因，它是有益的因为Rubisco蛋白质氧化和降级的预防，和干旱应力能禁止DNAmethyltransferase基因和histonemethyltransferase基因的抄写。这结果证实活跃甲基骑车并且转移相关基因涉及米饭干旱抵抗。

简介：本研究以甜菜不育系(N9849)及保持系(960766)为材料,采用Label-free、质谱分析、生物信息学分析方法,对甜菜现蕾期的花蕾进行比较蛋白质组学分析。结果表明:不育系与保持系中鉴定到的96个差异蛋白,涉及16个功能组;其中胁迫响应,碳水化合物代谢,花粉发育等功能类别所占比例较大。胁迫响应功能蛋白类的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、过氧化氢酶等在不育系中显著低表达,有毒物质及活性氧的清除能力弱,可能导致不育系材料系统发生紊乱导致形成败育。碳水化合物代谢功能蛋白苹果酸脱氢酶,蔗糖合酶等在不育系中表达量较低,碳水化合物代谢强度低,能量代谢匮乏也是致使花粉不育的一个原因。花粉发育相关蛋白Ⅲ型聚酮合酶在保持系中显著高表达,很好地维持了保持系的育性。本研究在蛋白质组学水平为阐述甜菜明雄性不育机理及其利用提供理论依据。

简介：为了在不同发育阶段调查织物transglutaminase活动，叶子和米饭的年轻圆锥花序的变化，从Honglian-typecytoplasmic不育系，YuetaiA和它的维护者线被切除，YuetaiB分别地。为在米饭的织物transglutaminase活动察觉的一个ELISAmeasurement协议很好被建立。结果显示织物transglutaminase活动被钙阳离子，和织物transglutaminase活动在衰老的叶子断然调整在年轻叶子比那显著地高。没有不同差别在YuetaiA和YuetaiB之间被注意。而且，从四个起核心作用到双性人织物transglutaminase活动逐渐地增加了的阶段年轻圆锥花序发展并且直到在双性人的最大值的withtheprogression起核心作用在YuetaiA.However的舞台，没有类似的变化在YuetaiB被观察。这显示tissuetransglutaminase涉及房间在败育花粉的规划死亡。

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简介：EliminationoftheCRISPR/Cas9constructsineditedplantsisaprerequisiteforassessinggeneticstability,conductingphenotypiccharacterization,andapplyingforcommercializationoftheplants.However,removaloftheCRISPR/Cas9transgenesbygeneticsegregationandbybackcrossislaboriousandtimeconsuming.WepreviouslyreportedthedevelopmentofthetransgenekillerCRISPR(TKC)technologythatusesapairofsuicidegenestotriggerself-eliminationofthetransgeneswithoutcompromisinggeneeditingefficiency.TheTKCtechnologyenablesisolationoftransgene-freeCRISPR-editedplantswithinasinglegeneration,greatlyacceleratingcropimprovements.Here,wepresentedtwonewTKCvectorsthatshowgreatefficiencyinbotheditingthetargetgeneandinundergoingself-eliminationofthetransgenes.ThenewvectorsreplacedtheCaMV35SpromoterusedinourpreviousTKCvectorwithtworicepromoterstodriveoneofthesuicidegenes,providingadvantagesoverourpreviousTKCvectorundercertainconditions.Thevectorsreportedhereofferedmoreoptionsandflexibilitytoconductgeneeditingexperimentsinrice.

简介：Apopulationofricebrownplanthopper(BPH)NilaparvatalugenscollectedfromapaddyfieldinHangzhouwassuccessivelyrearedonsusceptiblericeTaichungNative1(TN1)inalaboratoryfreefrominsecticidesformorethan14generations.Thechangesinsusceptibilitytoinsecticidesandecologicalfitnessondifferentresistantricevarietiesweremonitoredineachgeneration.Theresistanceratiotoimidaclopridsharplydeclinedwiththesuccessionofrearinggenerationswithoutinsecticidesfrom359.94-foldatF1to6.50-foldatF14comparedwiththesusceptiblestrain,andtheresistanceratiotochlorpyrifoswasfrom9.90-foldatF1to5.94-foldatF14.Nymphaldurationandweightsofnewlyhatchedfemaleadultsweresignificantlyaffectedbyricevariety,generationandtheirinteractions,butnymphalsurvivalwassignificantlyaffectedbythegenerationonly.Theratioofbrachypterousadultsinmaleswasaffectedbythegenerationandgeneration×varietyinteraction,whereasnodifferencewasfoundinfemales.Nymphaldurationextendedwithincreasinggenerations,andthefemalenymphaldurationwasshorterinthesusceptiblevarietyTN1thanthoseintheresistantvarietiesIR26andIR36.Inaddition,thefemaleadultweightinTN1washigherthanthoseinIR26andIR36.TheseresultsindicatedthattheresistanceoffieldBPHpopulationtoinsecticideswasreversedafterseveralgenerationsofno-exposuretoinsecticides,andtheecologicalfitnessinTN1washigherthanthoseinIR26andIR36.ThesefindingssuggestedtherationalandreduceduseofinsecticidesincombinationwiththemanipulationofresistantricevarietieswouldbeeffectiveforBPHmanagement.

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