简介:目的通过对我区学校视力监测点监测结果进行分析,了解儿童、青少年视力不良的发展动态.方法对我区2000~2001年二所中学二所小学二所幼儿园视力监测结果进行统计分析.结果(1)二所中学二所小学二所幼儿园学生视力不良以屈光不正为主.(2)屈光分析表明近视屈光不正发病率中学最高,占91.85%;其次是小学,占53.47%,但以轻度近视为主;幼儿园学生以远视屈光不正发病率为高,占74.52%,以轻度远视为主.(3)随着年龄的增长,学习任务的增加,视力不良、近视屈光的发生率增加.结论在中小学、幼儿园中进行视力监测和屈光状态分析可早期发现屈光不正和弱视,及时防治,对控制小学生视力不良有重要意义,为了今后更好地做好视力不良的防治工作还需教育、预防、临床等部门密切配合和政府部门政策性的支持.
简介:目的探讨鼻内镜辅助下颈前小切121甲状腺手术的疗效、临床经验和手术注意事项,并与传统手术进行比较。方法我科术前确诊的单发甲状腺腺瘤患者26例,肿瘤最大直径〈4.0cm,均行鼻内镜辅助颈前小切口腺叶切除术,观察疗效,并与同期具有可比性的30例经传统手术治疗的患者资料进行比较。结果2组患者的肿块均完整切除,切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后无声音嘶哑、呛咳、继发血肿等并发症。无手术死亡病例。鼻内镜辅助下颈前小切口组的手术时间较对照组长(t=9.139,P〈0.05),术中出血量较对照组大(t=12.648,P〈0.05)。小切口组患者的瘢痕长度、患者满意度、住院天数明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论鼻内镜辅助下颈前小切口甲状腺手术安全、可靠,能有效避免神经、血管损伤,具有并发症少、微创、美容的优点,值得临床推广。
简介:目的探讨微创超声乳化透明晶状体摘除术治疗高度近视的有效性和安全性。方法本组病例包括24例高度近视患者共32眼。在完成前囊膜的连续环形撕囊后,透明晶状体应用微创超声乳化技术通过两个相距90度的0.7毫米透明角膜切口分别插入一个22G超声探头和一个22G灌注ehopper进行摘除,然后再行植入低度数或负度数人工晶状体入囊袋内。研究参数包括手术前后的裸眼及矫正视力和术中术后并发症等。随访时间为12月。结果所有病例术后裸眼视力较术前裸眼视力均有明显提高;同时术后矫正视力较术前矫正提高者共28眼,占87.5%.术后6月,1例发生后发障,予以激光后囊切开,在12个月的随访过程中未发现有后囊膜破裂、视网膜脱离及黄斑囊样水肿等术中及术后并发症的发生。术后角膜内皮细胞丢失率仅为2.2%。结论微创超声乳化是治疗高度近视的一种安全有效的方法;但长期的术后随访工作仍需要继续,以便进一步全面了解远期并发症的发生情况。
简介:AIM:Tostudyclinicalfeaturesandgenemutationswithinthepaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)geneinapedigreeofbilaterallimbaldermoids.METHODS:Completeeyeexaminationshavebeenperformedoneachindividualofthefamily.Exonsofpaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)wereamplifiedbypolymerasechainreaction,sequenced,andcomparedwithareferencedatabase.RESULTS:Wedescribedthephenotype,clinicfindingsinafamilywithtwoaffectedmembers.Themassesoftheproband’seyeswereexcisedsurgicallydemonstratingadermoidcystbyhistopathologicalexamination.NomutationwasdetectedinthegenePITX2inthispedigree.CONCLUSION:Afamilyoflimbaldermoidcystwasreported.Inaddition,nopathogenicsequencevariationswerefoundinPITX2,indicatingthatthisphenotypeinthisfamilyisadistinctiveentity.
简介:AIM:Tofindouttheoutcomeoflaserphotocoagulationinclinicallysignificantmacularedema(CSME)byopticalcoherencetomography(OCT).·METHODS:Itwasaprospective,non-controlled,caseseriesstudyenrolling81eyesof64patientswithCSMEbetweenAugust2008andJanuary2010.AllpatientsreceivedmodifiedgridphotocoagulationwithfrequencydoubledNd:YAGlaser.Eachpatientwasevaluatedintermsofbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)andregressionorprogressionofmaculopathyafterlasertherapyat1,3and6months.Spearman’scorrelationtestwasusedtoshowthecorrelationbetweenBCVAandtotalmacularvolume(TMV).Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)wasusedtocompareamonggroupsandindependentt-testwasusedtocompareineachgroup.·RESULTS:ThereishighcorrelationbetweenBCVAandTMV(P≤0.001).BCVAimprovedin50.6%,remainedstaticin39.5%anddeterioratedin9.9%patientsafter6monthoftreatment.TheBaselineTMV(meanandSD)were9.26±1.83,10.4±2.38,11.5±3.05,8.89±0.75and9.47±1.98mm3fordifferentOCTpatterns,ST(spongelikethickening),CMO(cystoidmacularedema),SFD(subfovealdetachment),VMIA(Vitreomacularinterfaceabnormality)andaverageTMVrespectively(P=0.04).After6monthsoflasertreatment,themeanTMVdecreasedfrom9.47±1.98mm3to8.77±1.31mm3(P=0.01).InSTtherewassignificantdecreaseinTMV,P=0.01,Furtherwithinthesegroupsat6months,theyweresignificantlydifferent,P=0.01.·CONCLUSION:OCTshowedthedifferentmorphologicalvariantofCSMEwhiletheresponseoftreatmentisdifferent.TMVdecreasedthemostandhenceshowedtheimprovementinvisionafter6monthsoflasertreatment.IntheeraofAntivascularendothelialgrowthfactors(VEGFs),efficacyoflaserseemstobeinshadowbutitisstillfirstlineoftreatmentindevelopingnationlikeNepalwhereantiVEGFsmaynotbeeasilyavailableandaffordable.
简介:目的:探讨微创结膜囊鼻腔吻合术治疗完全性上下泪小管阻塞的有效性,并评价这种手术的优势、术后并发症及患者满意度。方法:选取完全性上下泪小管阻塞患者22例22眼作为研究对象,施行微创结膜囊鼻腔吻合术。术后随访3~27mo,记录患者的人口学数据、手术时长、义管长度、随访时间、义管的通畅情况、术后并发症、对手术是否满意,分析数据结果,评价微创结膜囊鼻腔吻合术的临床意义。结果:手术总体成功率为95%(21/22),患者总体满意度为68%(15/22)。术后并发症包括鼻腔肉芽组织包裹义管下口2例(9%),中鼻甲黏膜堵塞义管下口3例(14%),鼻黏膜覆盖义管下口1例(5%),义管管腔被分泌物堵塞5例(23%),异物不适感10例(45%),干眼2例(9%),鼻腔分泌物逆流入结膜囊8例(36%)。结论:微创结膜囊鼻腔吻合术可有效治疗完全性上下泪小管阻塞。手术方法操作简单,成功率高,手术时间短,组织损伤小,并发症少,且不遗留面部皮肤瘢痕。
简介:目的比较24h眼压监测中夜间即刻坐位眼压值和坐起休息10min后测得的眼压值,探讨夜间眼压的不同测量方法对青光眼24h眼压昼夜波动的影响。方法对已确诊且未用药、未做过手术的48例正常眼压性青光眼及17例原发性开角型青光眼患者进行24h眼压监测,每2h1次,其中测量夜间0:00、2:00、4.00眼压时,逐个唤起患者后立即测,后嘱患者坐起休息10min再测,采用SPSS软件以配对t检验分析比较测量结果。结果夜间即刻坐位眼压值和坐起休息10rain后测得的眼压值差异有统计学意义(P〈0.001),正常眼压性青光眼与原发性开角型青光眼间眼压差值差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论即刻坐位眼压值能更准确反映夜间眼压,对24h眼压测量及青光眼诊断及治疗更有价值,值得临床应用。
简介:<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.
简介:目的:观察早期视网膜激光光凝(PRP)联合复方樟柳碱颞浅动脉旁皮下注射治疗放射性视网膜病变(RR)的临床疗效。方法:在我院确诊为因鼻咽癌外照射后发生RR的患者21例41眼,早期行双眼视网膜激光光凝联合复方樟柳碱颞浅动脉旁穴位注射治疗,观察治疗后3mo最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、毛细血管无灌注区变化、视网膜新生血管及并发症情况。结果:治疗后观察3mo,视力提高6眼(14.6%),视力不变31眼(75.7%),下降4眼(9.7%)。2眼虹膜新生血管消退,1眼行睫状体光凝术;9眼(75%)视网膜新生血管消退;22眼(68.7%)原视网膜无灌注区消失,7眼(21.8%)原视网膜无灌注区(NPA)缩小〉5个DA,总有效率90.5%。1眼发生玻璃体出血,未见视盘及虹膜新生血管和新生血管性青光眼等并发症以及与治疗相关的并发症。结论:早期PRP与复方樟柳碱颞浅动脉旁穴位注射治疗是有效的、合理的中西医结合治疗方法。
简介:对有晶状体眼植入后房型人工晶状体是矫正屈光不正的有效方法,植入的后房型人工晶状体目前主要有可植入式接触镜(implantablecontactlens,ICL)和有晶状体眼屈光性晶状体(phakicrefractivelens,PRL)。对术后患者主观视觉质量(视力、对比敏感度)、客观视觉质量(波前像差、点扩散函数、斯特尔比率及光学传递函数)的研究显示,主观视力的提高也伴随着客观视觉质量的改善,但部分患者术后出现光晕及眩光症状。本文主要对ICL和PRL植入术后主观及客观视觉质量的临床研究做一综述,对可影响视觉质量的术后并发症如晶状体前囊膜下混浊、青光眼及角膜内皮功能异常等需进一步远期随访。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.
简介:AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofY-27632onthesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheculturedretinalneurocytes.METHODS:Afterthepostnatalday2-3,Sprague-Dawleyretinalneurocyteswereculturedfor48hours,theculturemediawasreplacedwithserum-freemedia(controlgroup)andserum-freemediacontained30μmol/LY-27632(Y-27632group),andthecellswerecontinuallyculturedanother48hours.Theculturedretinalneurocyteswereidentifiedwithanti-neuronspecificenolase(NSE)immunocytochemistry.ThesurvivalstateofthosecellswasestimatedbyMTTassay,andtheneuriteoutgrowthofthosecellswasevaluatedbythecomputerizedimage-analysissystem.RESULTS:Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,theabsorbancevaluesofcellssurvivalinY-27632groupincreased12.90%and33.33%respectivelyafter72and96hoursculture.Y-27632hadnosignificanteffectonthediameterofculturedretinalneurocytes.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,Y-27632inducedastableimprovementofneuriteoutgrowthofretinalneurocytesafter72and96hoursculture(P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Y-27632couldpromotethesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheearlypostnatalculturedretinalneurocytes.