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简介：ThereportednewU-Pbagebysensitivehigh-resolutionionmicroprobe(SHRIMPⅡ)onzirconwasobtainedfromatuffsampleatthebasalDoushantuoFormationintheJiuqunaosection,whichsituatedatthewesternlimboftheHuanglinganticlineintheYangtzeGorgesinZigui,Hubei,SouthChina.Eighteenspotsofzirconswereanalyzedandtheyformtwoclusters:oneincludesthreespots,withaninheritedageof784+15Ma(MSWD=0.05);theotherconsistsof15spotsandgivesaweightedmean^206pb/^238Uageof628.3±5.8Ma(MSWD=0.86).ItisthefirstSHRIMPU-PbzirconageobtainednearlythebaseoftheDoushantuoFormationofEdiacaranandrepresentsamaximumageoftheDoushantuoFormationItalsoformsanageconstraintontheupperlimitageoftheNantuo(Marinoantype)glaciation.

简介：暴露得好的Lijiatuo节被选择探索州的、主要生产率和海水硫酸盐在寒武纪的系列1-2期间铺平的海洋的氧化还原作用的时间的进化和控制，华南。这节由Xiaoyanxi形成(Fm)mudstones和LiuchapoFm组成。在斜坡和盆环境扔了的燧石。五个oxic缺氧的周期基于V/Sc，Th/U和瞬间，U，V，Ni和Cu的丰富因素被识别。中间上面的LiuchapoFm。并且中间的XiaoyanxiFm。在oxic-suboxic条件下面被扔，并且阶层的其余部分在缺氧的条件下面。Re/Mo比率证明oxic-suboxic在中间的XiaoyanxiFm调节。被短暂sulfidic条件伴随，并且节的其余部分是underanoxic和non-sulfidic条件。所有TOC和Ba，Ni，Cu，Zn和Cd的丰富因素表明了那在LiuchapoFm下沉和有机物(OM)的埋葬流动。在overlyingXiaoyanxiFm是比那低的。在XiaoyanxiFm的最高的下沉和OM的埋葬流动。出现在它的更低的部分；然而，在XiaoyanxiFm的最低下沉和OM的埋葬流动。出现在它的中间的部分。TOC/TS，TS和34间谍证明海水被低海洋的硫酸盐层次统治，它当免费H2S。大气的氧内容的上升可以是为联系、短暂suboxic-oxic并且将近的主要司机在中间的XiaoyanxiFm的sulfidic环境。

简介：大雨的三维的风领域在2005年6月12-13日与位于Meizhou和Shantou的城市的dual-Doppler雷达的卷扫描数据在广东省被检索并且学习。这被显示出中央--规模和中央--在低、中间的层位于对流系统的规模集中线在重降雨起一个重要作用。集中线是雨的开始并且维持的机制。三个维的运动学的结构模型也被给。

简介：Background:Prosopisspecieshavebeenintroducedtomanyareasoutsidetheirnativerangetoprovidebenefitstolocalcommunities.SeveralProsopisspeciesandtheirhybrids(hereafter"mesquite")have,however,becomenaturalisedandinvasiveandnowgeneratesubstantialcosts.Managementoptionsarelimitedbecauseofthecomplexconflictsofinterestregardingbenefitsandcosts.Managementpoliciesandstrategiesmusttakeaccountofsuchconflicts,butfurtherinsightsareneededonthedimensionsofusesandimpactsbeforesuchinformationcanbeusefullyapplied.CurrentpolicyinSouthAfricaallowsforthegrowthanduseofmesquiteinoneprovince,butnotinotherswhereitscontrolismandatory.Wereportonastudytoquantifythedirectuseandperceptionsofnon-timberforestproducts(NTFPs)frommesquiteandnativetreesinSouthAfrica.Methods:Semi-structureshouseholdinterviewswereconductedwithvariousstakeholdergroupstoidentifywhattreeproductsareused,toascertainamountsusedaswellastogaugeperceptionsofnaturalresourceusebetweendifferenttreespeciesanduseovertime.Results:Thedirecthouseholdusevalueofnativetreeswashigherthanthatofmesquite,andlocalstakeholdersattachedgreatervaluetoproductsfromnativetreesthanfrommesquite.Therefore,nativetreesareandwillstillbepreferentiallyharvested,andmesquiteisunlikelytoofferprotectiontonativespeciesbyprovidinganalternativesourceofproducts.Mesquitepodsdo,however,providevaluableadditionalresources(fodderandmedicinalproducts).Theuseofbothnativetreesandmesquiteisdecreasingastheincomesofpoorerhouseholdsriseandasalternativeenergysourcesbecomeavailable.Thebenefitsandrelianceonmesquitearenotashighaspreviouslyassumedandtheimpactsfrommesquiteinvasionscreatelargeproblemsforlocalcommunities.Conclusion:Thisstudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheimpactsofmesquiteexceedthebenefits,lendingsupportforapolicytoreducenegat

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简介：Inviewofthecorrelationbetweentectonicactivityandseismicity,thestrongearthquakeriskintheNorth-SouthSeismicBeltarousedwideconcernafterthe2014YutianM_S7.3earthquake.UsingtheseismiccatalogoftheChinaEarthquakeNetworksCenter,theBenioffstrainratiointheNorth-SouthSeismicBeltiscalculatedin30daysbeforeandaftertheMarch21,2008andFebruary12,2014YutianM_S7.3earthquakes.Resultsshowthatinayearafterthe2008YutianM_S7.3earthquake,M>5.0earthquakesalloccurrednearthehighstrainratioareaorthejunctionbetweenthelowandhighstrainratioareas,theactivityofstrongearthquakesobviouslycoincideswiththehighstrainratioarea,whichindicatesthattheseareashaveahigherstresslevel.TheYutianearthquakespromotedthereleaseofsmallearthquakesinthehighstressareas.Thisresearchisofcertainindicatingsignificancetothestudyofsubsequentstrongearthquakesofthisregion.

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简介：Wereportacompletegenomicsequenceofrareisolates(minorgenotype)oftheSARS-CoVfromSARSpatientsinGuangdong,China,wherethefirstfewcasesemerged.Themoststrikingdiscoveryfromtheisolateisanextra29-nucleotidesequencelocatedatthenucleotidepositionsbetween27,863and27,864(referredtothecompletesequenceofBJ01)withinanoverlappedregioncomposedofBGI-PUP5(BGI-postulateduncharacterizedprotein5)andBGI-PUP6upstreamoftheN(nucleocapsid)protein.Thediscoveryofthisminorgenotype,GD-Ins29,suggestsasignificantgeneticeventanddifferentiatesitfromthepreviouslyre-portedgenotype,thedominantformamongallsequencedSARS-CoVisolates.A17-ntsegmentofthisextrasequenceisidenticaltoasegmentofthesamesizeintwohumanmRNAsequencesthatmayinterferewithviralgenomereplicationandtranscriptioninthecytosoloftheinfectedcells.Itprovidesanewavenuefortheexplorationofthevirus-hostinteractioninviralevolution,hostpathogenesis,andvaccinedevelopment.

简介：在Upper-Yangtze区域，特别在贵州省和它的邻近的区域，更低寒武纪很好被开发并且由从盆外形的黑页岩的继任是显著的焦化站台外形的岩石。从Sinian发生在拐弯到的站台的淹死的事件寒武纪导致了一套黑页岩，即Niutitang形成，它完成底部部分更低寒武纪。与沉积环境变浅，一套碳酸盐摇，即Qingxudong形成，在最高的部分被形成更低寒武纪。因此，更低在学习区域寒武纪使能进一步的一个秒顺序序列起来细分进五个第三顺序的序列，并且形成违反回归的定期周期的继任。为在秒顺序顺序的第三顺序的序列有一个定期垂直的叠模式。从底部到顶，继任“CS(压缩的节)+HST(高看台的系统道)”第三顺序的序列被变成继任“TST(transgressive系统道)+CS+HST'。相应地，淹死类型顺序边界被变成暴露类型那条。因此，秒顺序和第三顺序的序列有类似的沉积外形的体系结构。有这些时间的变化的伴随物，更低与包含五个第三顺序的序列的1000m的厚度寒武纪被变成不能与加深沉积环境向东南识别第三顺序的序列的压缩继任。根据第三顺序的序列的基本特征，即整齐o在空间和沉积环境的变化的同步性的沉积外形的继任及时，在在不同paleogeographical背景的主要的记载的节的第三顺序的序列的详细部门成为基础建立能在stratigraphic记录表明改变外形的表面的二种类型和diachronism的二种类型的sequence-stratigraphic框架。这个sequence-stratigraphic框架从盆外形的黑页岩形成的压缩继任的库显示出碳酸盐平台的成长进程。从Sinian在拐弯源于快速的违反到寒武纪生态的空间变得开，它形成了为“寒武纪的生物爆炸”设定的paleogeographical的先前的条件。最终，在depositional事件之间的基因关系和生物差异的事件是很复杂的并且在那里仍然是以后需要推进研�

简介：UsingtheInternationalComprehensiveOcean-AtmosphereDataSet(ICOADS)andERA-Interimdata,spatialdistributionsofair-seatemperaturedifference(ASTD)intheSouthChinaSea(SCS)forthepast35yearsarecompared,andvariationsofspatialandtemporaldistributionsofASTDinthisregionareaddressedusingempiricalorthogonalfunctiondecompositionandwaveletanalysismethods.TheresultsindicatethatbothICOADSandERA-InterimdatacanreflectactualdistributioncharacteristicsofASTDintheSCS,butvaluesofASTDfromtheERA-InterimdataaresmallerthanthoseoftheICOADSdatainthesameregion.Inaddition,theASTDcharacteristicsfromtheERA-Interimdataarenotobviousinshore.Aseesaw-type,north-southdistributionofASTDisdominantintheSCS;i.e.,apositivepeakinthesouthisassociatedwithanegativepeakinthenorthinNovember,andanegativepeakinthesouthisaccompaniedbyapositivepeakinthenorthduringAprilandMay.InterannualASTDvariationsinsummerorautumnaredecreasing.Thereisaseesaw-typedistributionofASTDbetweenBeibuBayandmostoftheSCSinsummer,andthecenteroflargevaluesisintheNanshaIslandsareainautumn.TheASTDintheSCShasastrongquasi-3aoscillationperiodinallseasons,andaquasi-11aperiodinwinterandspring.TheASTDispositivelycorrelatedwiththeNio3.4indexinsummerandautumnbutnegativelycorrelatedinspringandwinter.

简介：Bt玉米叶垃圾的化学作文上的基因修正的非计划中的效果可以在它的分解上有影响。在在南非的很农业的系统，玉米垃圾是任何一个留在土壤表面上或在耕种期间合并了到土壤。用三个玉米混血儿(DKC80-12B，DKC80-10和DKC6-125)的叶垃圾，一个litterbag实验在堡垒兔研究农场的大学被执行，南非，为了在玉米叶的分解上决定基因修正的效果，乱丢东西什么时候在在7月和11月之间的地条件下面留在土壤表面上，正常休闲时期，在2008。另一个litterbag实验在堡垒兔研究农场的大学被进行，使用南非遗传上与cry1Ab修改了的二个玉米混血儿的叶垃圾并且Zanyokwe灌溉计划，基因(MON810)，DKC75-15B和PAN6Q-308B，和他们的相应近的isolines，CRN3505和PAN6Q-121。在崽的Cry1Ab蛋白质的降级，适用表面、合并土壤，也被调查。当在表面上适用时并且当合并了到土壤时，Bt玉米垃圾的分解类似于non-Bt玉米垃圾的。合并土壤的垃圾，以及它的Cry1Ab蛋白质，比在表面上适用的快分解了。叶崽C:PAN6Q-308B和PAN6Q-121的N比率在整个学习是类似的，而那些在一个12星期的时期期间由类似的数量DKC75-15B和CRN3505衰退了。这些调查结果建议与MON810事件，Bt玉米的叶垃圾的那分解没被玉米影响基因修正，并且Cry1Ab蛋白质不管崽是否在土壤表面上被使用或合并了到土壤在冬季休闲期间和植物叶垃圾垮掉。

简介：在那些之中的服务和它有在一张农村南方印第安人population.METHODSA人口的单方的视觉缺陷(VI)的联系因素基于代表性的学习的眼睛照顾的利用上的AIMTo报告处于AndhraPradesh的状态在三个区域(Adilabad，Mahbubnagar和西方Godavari)被进行，印度。详细会见和全面眼睛考试被进行。那些关于在视觉并且在眼睛照顾服务的利用上注意任何变化与单方的VI被问问题。参加者为不利用服务报导的最重要的原因被用于分析。多重逻辑回归模型被用来检验在在象4456个参加者变老的VI.RESULTSAmong的住处，严厉和原因的年龄，性，教育和区域那样的视觉和socio人口统计的变量注意一个变化之间的协会16y被管理问询表，53.2%是女人，并且54.7%没有教育。489(11%；95%CI：10.1-11.9)有单方的VI的人，399(81.6%)参加者报导了在最后五年在他们的视觉注意一个变化但是仅仅136(34.1%)参加者寻求了眼睛照顾咨询。有任何教育的那些(或：1.9；95%CI：1.1-3.2)，有的盲目(或：2.7；95%CI：1.4-5.2)，并且奔流(或：2.1；95%CI：1.0-4.3)因为单方的VI的一个原因是相似的更多寻求，看照顾咨询。为不寻求眼睛照顾服务的最通常报导的原因是没有钱因为在30.7%参加者的眼睛检查列在后面由没有一个严重问题(30.0%)农村人口的大比例不过注意了的.CONCLUSIONA在他们的视觉的一个变化没寻求眼睛照顾由于金融并且人相关的原因。眼睛照顾服务供应商需要这些障碍到地址与单方的VI在那些之中提高眼睛照顾服务的举起。

简介：Ceriumisoneofmultivalentrearearthelements,whichcantransferfromtrivalencetotretavalenceatoxidizingenvironment.ThisprocessmaycausevariabledegreesoffractionationofCefromothertrivalentrearearthelements,andthusmayprovidespecificinsightintothegeologicalprocessesassociatedwithmarkedredoxomorphism.MultiplegeochemicaltracingofSr-Nd-CeisotopesareperformedonthefelsicandmaficintrusivesoftheNeoproterozoic(~800Ma)HuanglingcomplexlocatedattheeasternThreeGorges,SouthChina.TheintrusiverocksexclusivelyshowvariousextentsofnegativeCeanomalies.OntheεCe-εNdplot,mostsamplesfromthemaficintrusionsscatterwithinthesecondquadrant,whereasthosefromthefelsicintrusionswithinthefourthQuadrant.Bothofthetwogroupsexhibitrelativelylargerangeof?Ce(t)variationbutlimited?Nd(t)range,whichcauseadeviationfromthe'crustalarray'andrevealadecoupledNd-Ceisotopecorrelation.Theintermediate-felsicsuitehavevariedCe/Ce*ratiosbutbroadlyproximateεCe(t)values,indicatingthattheirnegativeCeanomaliesweregeneratedduringthemagmatism;onthecontrary,apositivecorrelationbetweenεCe(t)andCe/Ce*isobservedfortheintermediate-maficsuite,anindicationofanoriginofpost-magmaticalterationormetamorphismfortheirCeanomalies.Calculationofmodelage,theoccurrenceageofnegativeCeanomalies(TCe)fortheintermediate-maficsamplesinfersthatthealterationeventstookplace>350Ma.DatashowedthatnegativeCeanomaliesofthefelsicintrusionsmayreflectanincreaseofoxygenfugacityduringmagmaascending,ratherthananinheritancefromtheirsourcerocks.ThisexplanationimpliesthattheNeoproterozoicmagmatismoccurredatthecontinentalnucleusoftheYangtzeblockweredevelopingatageodynamiccontextofrapidlyregionaluplifting.

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简介：Althoughseismicgaptheoryplaysanimportantroleinthemed-andlong-termearthquakeprediction,thepotentialriskofthenon-seismicgapinhistoricalearthquakeruptureareaswillneedtobesimultaneouslytakenintoaccountinthestudyofmed-andlong-termearthquakeprediction,duetothetemporallyclusteringornon-linearbehavioroflargeearthquakerecurrence.Inordertoexploretechnicalmethodswhichcanbebasedonobservationaldata,andidentifyhistoricalearthquakerupturezones(includingtheseismicgapinhistoricalandprehistoricearthquakerupturezones),weselecteighthistoricallargeearthquakerupturezoneswithdifferentelapsedtimesonthemid-northsegmentoftheNorth-SouthSeismicBelttomakequantitativeanalysisonthecharacteristicsofmodernseismicityofthesezonesandpreliminarilyexploretheseismicitymethodfordeterminingtheurgencydegreeofpotentialearthquakehazards.Theresultsmainlyshowthatthepvalue,whichreflectstheattenuationofearthquakesequence,andthea-value,whichreflectstheseismicityrate,arestronglyrelatedtotheelapsedtimeofthelatestearthquakeintherupturezone.However,thecorrespondingrelationshipsinsomeruptureareasarenotclearperhapsduetothecomplexfaultstructureandfaultingbehavior.Theb-value,whichrepresentsthestateoftectonicstressaccumulation,doesnoteasilyreflecttheelapsedtimeinformationofdifferentevolutionstages.Theb-valuetemporalscanningshowsasteadyevolutionovertimeinmostoftherupturezones,butintherupturezoneoftheWuduM8.0earthquakeof1879,theb-valueshowssignificantfluctuationswithadecreasingtrendfor20years.Bycomparativeanalysis,weconcludethattherupturezonesofthe1933M7.5Maoxianearthquakeandthe1976M7.2Songpan-Pingwuearthquakearestillinthedecayingperiodofearthquakesequences,andthusdonothavethebackgroundforrecurrenceofM7.0earthquakes.Thelowb-valueMaqusegment,whichislocatedatthenorthmarginoftherupturezoneof

简介：SixactivecompoundsareisolatedfromthemarinebryozoanBugulaneritina,inhabitingtheNanwanBayintheSouthChinaSea,usingthebioassay-guidedmethodwithacombinationofextractionandpartitionationwithsuitablesolventsaswellasmultiplecolumnchromatographies(SephadexLH-20,ODSandpreparativeHPLC).Theirstructuresareidentifiedasknownbryostatins-bryostatins4,5,6,10,11and18throughintensiveanalysisofthedataofhighresolution2DNMR(600MHz,DQF-COSY,TOCSY,HMQCandROESY)andESI-MS.Amongthem,bryostatins10,11and18areforthefirsttimeobtainedfromthisbryozoanintheSouthChinaSeaandtheyshowsignificantantineoplasticactivitiesinvitro.

简介：关于在在中国的纵贯的地震的带和基于地理信息，系统(GIS)被做了的中央orogenic带的连接区域的差错和seismicity之间的关系的研究。为每在这个区域的16个差错，我们造一个25km缓冲区地区和使用覆盖分析在每个差错上调查seismicity和它的特征。结果作为follows:the揭开主要地震差错西方的片断西方Qinling差错，Lixian-Luojiabao差错的西南的片断，Lintan-Dangchang差错的东南的片断，Wenxian差错的西南的片断，Huya差错，和Xueshan差错北边。最活跃的差错是Huya和Xueshan差错，然后，Tazang差错，Lixian-Luojiabao差错和Guanggaishan-Dieshan的北山麓指责。研究地区能根据焦点的深度被划分成四个区域，它向南向北变得更深从到。焦点的深度的侧面显示几何学和差错的机械性质，并且进一步揭示西藏的高原的东方挤出和群众的向东南的逃跑的运动模型，因此在这个区域对地震和危险缓解为保护提供基础。

简介：ThetimingoftheSouthAsianHigh(SAH)establishmentovertheIndochinaPeninsula(IP)fromApriltoMayanditsrelationstothesetupofthesubsequenttropicalAsiansummermonsoonandprecipitationovereastern-centralChinainsummerareinvestigatedbyusingNCEP/NCARdailyreanalysisdata,outgoinglongwaveradiation(OLR)dataandthedailyprecipitationdatafrom753weatherstationsinChina.ItisfoundthatthetransitionsofthezonalwindverticalshearandconvectionestablishmentovertropicalAsiaareearlier(later)intheyearsofearly(late)establishmentofSAH.Inthelowertroposphere,anti-cyclonic(cyclonic)anomalycirculationdominatestheequatorialIndianOcean.Correspondingly,thetropicalAsiansummermonsoonestablishesearlier(later).Furthermore,theatmosphericcirculationandthewatervaportransportintheyearsofadvancedSAHestablishmentaresignificantlydifferentfromthedelayedyearsinAsiainsummer.Out-of-phasedistributionofprecipitationineastern-centralChinawillappearwithaweak(strong)SAHandwesternPacificsubtropicalhigh,strong(weak)ascendingmotionintheareasouthofYangtzeRiverbutweak(strong)ascendingmotionintheareanorthofit,andcyclonic(anti-cyclonic)watervaporfluxanomalycirculationfromtheeastern-centralChinatowesternPacific.Accordingly,thetimingoftheSAHestablishmentattheupperlevelsofIPisindicativeofthesubsequentonsetofthetropicalAsiansummermonsoonandtheflood-droughtpatternovereastern-centralChinainsummer.