简介：Alzheimer’sdisease(AD)isoneofthemostdevastatingdiseasesaffectingthelifeandhealthofagingpopulation.TwohallmarksofADaresenileplaquesandneurofibrillarytangles,andADiswellknownforthemassivelossofneuronsandimpairedcognitivefunctionsespeciallymemoryloss.Despiteextensivesearchforeffectivetreatment,available

简介：BACKGROUND:GenetherapyforParkinson'sdiseaseisbeingexploredasaneffectivestrategytorestoreandprotectthefunctionofneuronalcellsinthesubstantianigra.Regulationofgeneexpressionisnecessaryforgenetherapytoavoidadverseeffectsduetoexcessivesynthesisoftransgeneproducts.OBJECTIVE:Herewedevelopedrecombinantadeno-associatedvirus(AAV)asaviralvector-mediatedgeneregulationsystembasedonCrerecombinasefusedtothemutatedligand-bindingdomainoftheestrogenreceptor(CreERT2)+inducingagenttamoxifen.InducibleCrerecombinasewasusedtoreducetyrosinehydroxylasegeneexpressionandtopreventtheexcessiveincreaseindopamine.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Ageneticengineeringinvitrocomparativestudyandrandomizedcontrolledanimalexperiment.ThisstudywasconductedattheGeneTherapyCenter,JichiMedicalSchool,JapanfromJune2002toJune2004.METHODS:ToconstructarecombinantAAVvectorcarryingadopaminesynthasegene.ThetyrosinehydroxylasegenewasinsertedusingaloxPfragmentthatcouldberegulatedbyCrerecombinase.TherecombinantAAVvectorcarryingtheCreERT2genewasco-transducedwithHEK293cellsandthecorpusstriatuminaratmodelofParkinson'sdisease,withinducingagenttamoxifentoregulategeneexpression.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:ThelevelsofdopamineandaromaticL-aminoaciddecarboxylase(AADC)activityweredetectedinHEK293cellmediumandinthecorpusstriatuminaratmodelofParkinson'sdiseaseusinghigh-performanceliquidchromatography.ImmunofluorescencedoublestainingwasusedtoobservetyrosinehydroxylaseandCreorAADCco-expressioninHEK293cellmedium.ImmunohistochemicalstainingwasemployedtoobservetyrosinehydroxylaseandAADCexpressionandbehavioralchangesweremeasuredinParkinson'srats.RESULTS:TransfectedAAV-CreERT2andAAVexpressingdopaminesynthesisenzymescouldincreasethesynthesisofdopamineinHEK293mediumandParkinson'sratstriatum(P<0.01)andimprovetherotationalbehaviorofParkin

简介：Tourette'ssyndromeistreatedbybehavioralorpharmacologicaltherapy.However,patientswithmalignantTourette'ssyndromealsoexhibitlife-threateningsymptoms,whichareunresponsivetoconservativetreatmentsorneurosurgicalprocedures,suchasdeepbrainstimulation.Inrecentyears,mesenchymalstemcells(MSCs)haveshowntherapeuticpotentialinmanyneurologicaldiseases.Therefore,thepresentstudyproposedtouseMSCtransplantationasanoveltherapyforTourette'ssyndrome.StereotypicbehaviorsinTourette'ssyndromeratsdecreasedsignificantlyat21daysafterhumanMSCstransplantationintothestriatum.ImmunohistochemistryanalysesrevealedsurvivaloftransplantedhumanMSCsanddifferentiationintoneuronsandastrocytesintheratbrain.ResultssuggestthatintrastriataltransplantationofhumanMSCscouldprovidetherapeuticpotentialforTourette'ssyndrome.

简介：S100蛋白是一种分子量较小（10～12ku）的EF-手型钙结合蛋白，通过对钙离子的调节及与靶蛋白的相互作用，在体内发挥多种生物学作用．在细胞增殖、分化，肌肉收缩、基因表达、分泌及细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用。1965年Moore等首先在牛脑组织中发现S100蛋白，因其在中性饱和硫酸铵中100％溶解而得名。现已发现S100蛋白家族成员20个，S100B蛋白为其中一员，

简介：Alzheimer’sdisease(AD)isthemostcommontypeofdementiainelderlypopulation.WithagrowingagingpopulationnotonlyintheUnitedStatesbutalsointheworldwide,ADconstitutesanemergentpublichealthproblem.Overdecades,theprevailinghypothesiswasthatneurodegenerationmightresultfromoneortwoofthespecificlesions

简介：Despitetheadvancesincombinatorialorsyntheticchemistryandbioinformatics,recentliteraturehasdemonstratedtherelevanceofnatureandbiomassasasourceofnewmoleculestotreatdifferentpathologies,i.e.,bioactivecompoundsobtainedfromEcteinascidiaturbinatetotreatsometypesofcancerorrapamycinfromStreptomyceshygroscopicustopreventorganrejectionaftertransplant.Thistrend

简介：Thereceptorforadvancedglycationendproducts(RAGE)isareceptoroftheimmunoglobulinsuperfamilyofcellsurfacemoleculeswhichplaysimportantcontributionsunderbothphysiologicalandpathologicalconditions.OvertheyearsextensiveresearchworksupportedthedetrimentalroleofRAGEinAlzheimer’sdisease(AD)pathophysiology,rangingfromitsinvolvementinbetaamyloid(Aβ)braininfluxandclearance,

简介：缺血性卒中仍是当今社会威胁健康的主要疾病，它是我国引起死亡以及残疾的重要原因。S100B是与神经系统紧密相关的蛋白，它在缺血性卒中过程中可以发挥神经毒作用，诱导神经元以及星形胶质细胞凋亡。临床试验发现，S100B的水平与缺血性卒中患者病灶面积大小和预后有关。由于S100B在中枢神经系统的生物学特性，提示它可能在将来作为一项诊断卒中的生物标记物。

简介：BACKGROUND:TheprogressivedegenerationofdopaminergicneuronsinParkinson’sdiseaseisassociatedwithanactivatedglialreaction,combinedwithaninflammatoryprocess.Theseresponsesleadtotheproductionofcytokines,suchasinterferon-γ,tumornecrosisfactor-α(TNF-α),andinterleukin-1β.Inaddition,14-3-3proteinisacomponentofLewybodiesinParkinson’sdisease.OBJECTIVE:Toobservetheexpressionof14-3-3γandζprotein,aswellasTNF-α,inmousemicroglia,aswellaschangesafterlipopolysaccharide(LPS)activation.Toinvestigatepossiblemechanismsofdopaminergicneuronalinjuryduetoactivatedmicroglia.ToandclarifytheimmuneresponsemechanismsofParkinson’sdisease.DESIGN:Randomizedcontrolledobservation,cellstudy.SETTING:LaboratoryofDepartmentofNeurology,theAffiliatedUnionHospitalofTongjiMedicalCollege,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology.MATERIALS:TheBV-2immortalizedmurinemicrogliacelllinewaspurchasedfromChinaUnitcellcenter.LPSwasprovidedbySigmaCompany.CellcultureswerepurchasedfromGibco.Phospho-(Ser)14-3-3bindingmotifantibodywaspurchasedfromSantaCruzBiotechnologies.FITCwasprovidedbyLinfeiBiotechnology,Wuhan,China.TNF-αELISAwasprovidedbyJingmeiBiotechCo,Wuhan,China.TheflowcytometerwasprovidedbyBectonDickinson,Canada.METHODS:ThepresentexperimentwasperformedattheLaboratoryofDepartmentofNeurology,theAffiliatedUnionHospitalofTongjiMedicalCollege,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyfromApriltoDecember2006.Themicroglialcellline,BV-2,wasculturedinvitroandstimulatedwithLPSfor2,6,12,and24hours.BV-2cultureswithoutLPSwereusedascontrols.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Expressionof14-3-3γproteinwasdetectedbyflowcytometry.14-3-3ζpercentageexpressionandthemeanfluorescenceintensitywasdetectedbyimmunofluorescence.TNF-αexpressionwasdetectedbyELISA.RESULTS:14-3-3γproteinexpressionanalysis:followi

简介：目的：研究脑肿瘤手术前后血清S100B蛋白水平的改变，并分析其与患者临床资料的相关性，评估血清S100B对术后脑损伤的反映能力。方法30例胶质瘤、28例脑膜瘤和15例听神经瘤患者于手术前（入院时）、手术后第1d、第3d、第7d分别采集血清；同时记录患者手术时长、肿瘤WHO级别、肿瘤体积、脑水肿体积、KPS等临床资料。设正常对照组33例，采集单次血清。用双抗体夹心法ELISA检测血清S100B含量。将手术前后血清S100B水平进行重复测量方差分析；将血清S100B水平与手术时长、肿瘤体积等临床资料进行相关性分析。结果术前血清S100B水平在各脑肿瘤组之间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05），胶质瘤组、脑膜瘤组则高于正常对照组（均P＜0．05）。术后第1d、第3d血清S100B含量无明显改变（P＞0．05），术后第7d时高于手术前水平（P＜0．05），这种趋势在3个脑肿瘤组之间并无差别。在胶质瘤组中，术后第3、7d血清S100B含量与术后脑水肿体积呈正相关（均P＜0．05）；术后第1d、第3d血清S100B含量与胶质瘤病理级别呈正相关（均P＜0．05）。在听神经瘤组中，手术前、术后第3d血清S100B含量与听神经瘤肿瘤体积呈负相关（均P＜0．05），术后第7d血清S100B水平与手术时长呈正相关（P＜0．05）。脑膜瘤组内未见任何相关性。结论血清S100B对脑肿瘤切除术后的脑损伤反映较差，其含量升高可能与损伤后神经修复活动有关。血清S100B含量与胶质瘤的病理级别、术后脑水肿程度有一定的相关性，与听神经瘤体积及手术时长存在相关性。脑肿瘤术前血清S100B升高可能反映了肿瘤对脑实质的压迫损伤。

简介：目的研究红藻氨酸（KA）致痫大鼠海马S100B、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）的表达及病理改变。方法雄性SD大鼠按照完全随机数字表法分成对照组（8只）和模型组（40只），模型组再根据处死时间分为造模后6h、12h、24h、72h、1周5个亚组，每组8只。模型组采用KA建立颞叶癫痫动物模型，对照组用等体积生理盐水代替KA注射。模型组造模后6h、12h、24h、72h、1周．对照组注射后24h取大鼠海马组织行Niss1染色、Timm染色和免疫组化染色，观察S100B、CGRP蛋白的表达情况以及海马神经元和胶质细胞的病理变化。结果Nissl染色结果显示，模型组大鼠1周后CA3区出现大量固缩的坏死神经元，胞体萎缩，尼氏体消失。Timm染色结果显示，模型组大鼠1周后CA3区始层出现条带状分布的棕色颗粒，齿状回内分子层亦可见少量棕色颗粒。免疫组化染色结果显示，模型组大鼠海马CGRP蛋白大量表达，72h时达到高峰，同时伴随大量神经元丧失及胶质细胞增生。结论KA致痫大鼠出现S100B、CGRP蛋白高表达，尼氏体消失，苔藓纤维发芽等一系列病理学改变，推测S100B、CGRP蛋白参与了癫痫发生。

简介：我们经治一病例,因头痛,耳道疱疹,耳痛,面瘫,合并有听力减退,前庭功能障碍,轻度面部感觉障碍,及悬雍垂偏斜,声音嘶哑,入院治疗.

简介：目的探讨垂体Rathke＇s囊肿物理性状与患者症状和预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2005年4月至2013年5月手术治疗的104例垂体Rathke＇s囊肿患者的临床资料,其中87例病人术后随访5~92个月,平均26.6个月。结果本组囊肿直径为8~30mm,平均（15.3±5.0）mm,其中〈10mm7例,10~20mm69例,≥20mm28例。囊液含结晶54例,无结晶50例;囊液清亮37例,囊液粘稠67例。术后3个月复查MRI示囊肿全切除85例,囊肿残留2例;全切率为97.7%。术后复发3例,复发率为3.4%。头晕患者囊液含结晶的比例明显高于无头晕的患者（P〈0.05）;垂体激素水平异常的患者囊液含结晶的比例明显高于垂激素正常的患者（P〈0.05）;视力减退患者囊肿直径明显大于无视力减退者（P〈0.01）。结论垂体Rathke＇s囊肿囊内少量结晶与头晕有关,而大量结晶与垂体激素水平异常有关。手术治疗Rathke＇s囊肿的效果良好,术后并发症少,复发率低;术中处理好囊肿的分隔及囊内结晶是避免Rathke＇s囊肿残留与复发的关键。

简介：<正>TCD用于了解脑血管状态已被广泛应用于临床,而TCD用于压颈试验来了解脑血管侧枝供血的方法未见报道。1资料和方法1.1临床资料脑血管疾病患者40例,男8例,女性32例,其中颈内动脉海绵窦瘘12例,颈内动脉后交通动脉瘤18例,前交通动脉瘤6例,颈内动脉床突上段巨大动脉瘤4例。

简介：Parkinson’sdisease(PD)ischaracterizedbytheprogressivelossofmidbraindopaminergic(mDA)neuronsandasubsequentdecreaseinstriataldopaminelevels,whichcausethetypicalclinicalmotorsymptomssuchasmusclerigidity,bradykinesiaandtremor.Althoughasubsetof

简介：2007年5月适逢我国著名神经外科专家、新中国神经外科事业的奠基者之一段国升教授88华诞暨从医65周年，拟定于5月19-21日在北京隆重集会庆贺，并举办“中国人民解放军总医院神经外科高峰论坛”。此次论坛将本着突出重点、广泛参与的原则，采取国内外著名专家专题报告和与会者自由发言、疑难病例讨论、手术演示等相结合的方式，就神经外科各领域的热点问题为神经外科同道提供探索交流的平台。

简介：CurrentevidenceshowsthatapolipoproteinE(APOE),apolipoproteinCI(APOC1)andlowdensitylipoproteinreceptor-relatedprotein(LRP)variationsarerelatedtolate-onsetAlzheimer’sdisease.However,itremainsunclearifgeneticpolymorphismsinthesegenesareassociatedwithcognitivedeclineinlate-onsetAlzheimer’sdiseasepatients.Weperformeda30-monthlongitudinalcohortstudytoinvestigatetherelationshipbetweenAlzheimer’sdiseaseandAPOE,APOC1,andLRP.Inthisstudy,78ChineseHanpatientswithlate-onsetAlzheimer’sdiseasewererecruitedformGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegioninChina.APOE,APOC1,andLRPgenotypingwasperformedusingpolymerasechainreaction-restrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphisms.TheMini-MentalStateExaminationandClinicalDementiaRatingScalewereusedtoassesspatients’cognitivefunction.Aftera30-monthfollow-upperiod,wefoundasignificantreductioninMini-MentalStateExaminationtotalscore,ahigherproportionofpatientsfulfillingcognitiveimpairmentprogressioncriteria,andahigherproportionofAPOC1H2carriersinAPOEε4carrierscomparedwithnon-carriers.Inaddition,theAPOEε4allelefrequencywassignificantlyhigherinthecognitiveimpairmentprogressiongroupcomparedwiththenon-cognitiveimpairmentprogressiongroup.Inconclusion,APOEε4playsanimportantroleinaugmentingcognitivedecline,andAPOC1H2mayactsynergisticallywithAPOEε4inincreasingtheriskofcognitivedeclineinChinesepatientswithlate-onsetAlzheimer’sdisease.

简介：

简介：目的探讨S100蛋白在儿童髓母细胞瘤组织中的表达，分析与肿瘤临床特点之间的关系和对儿童髓母细胞瘤预后的影响。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测S100蛋白在44例儿童髓母细胞瘤中的表达，并结合长期随访资料进行生存曲线分析。结果S100阳性表达率为68．18％。S100表达与儿童髓母细胞瘤患者性别、年龄、有无侵犯凹脑室、有无坏死之间相关性无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。19例阳性表达患儿平均生存时间为58．58个月，25例阴性表达患儿平均生存时问为97．1个月。生存曲线分析表明S100的表达与儿童髓母细胞瘤患者生存时间相关。结论S100蛋白在儿章髓母细胞瘤细胞中表达是患者预后的危险因素。

简介：目的观察亚低温(MHT)技术治疗急性大面积脑梗死的临床疗效和对血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100蛋白的影响.方法将收治的68例急性大面积脑梗死病人随机份如治疗组合对照组各34例,治疗组在药物治疗脑梗死的同时加用MHT治疗技术,在治疗前、治疗后3d、7d、14d进行神经功能缺损评分及NSE、S-100蛋白含量的测定.结果在治疗后7d、14d治疗组神经功能缺损评分较对照组降低(P＜0.05),在治疗后3d、7d、14d治疗组血清NSE、S-100蛋白含量明显降低(P＜0.01).结论MHT治疗技术可改善急性大面积脑梗死病人神经功能、对神经细胞有较好的保护作用.