简介：ObjectivesToevaluateperipheralauditorydysfunctioninseniledementiaofAlzheimer'sdisease(AD)anditsrelationshipwithcognitivedysfunction.MethodsPuretonethresholds,wordrecognitionscores(WRS),acousticimmittanceandauditorybrain-stemresponses(ABR)weretestedtoevaluatetheauditoryfunctionin43ADpatientsand50normalsubjects.ThetestreliabilityinthesesubjectswasexaminedbeforethetestresultswereevaluatedfortheircorrelationwiththeMiniMentalStateExamination(MMSE)score.ResultsTherewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesinperipheralauditoryfunctionsbetweenthetwoearsinthetestedsubjectsorbetweenthetwogroupswhentheauditometricresultsoftherightearwerecompared(P>0.05).Also,therewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwogroupswhenaudiometrictestreliability,acousticimpedanceandABRresultswerecompared(P>0.05).ConclutionsThepuretoneaudiometricthresholdandWRSinADpatientsaresimilartothoseincomparablenon-ADsenilesubjects.Peripheralauditorydysfunctionisnotrelatedtocognitivedysfunction.

简介：ThisarticlereviewstheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseaseat2-yearsfollow-upaccordingtotheguidelinesexpressedbytheAmericanAcademyofOtolaryngology-Head&NeckSurgery.DespitetheincreaseduseofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseasethereisdebateastotheireffectiveness,particularlycomparedtogentamicin.Evenso,afterjustasinglecourseofinjections,corticosteroidscanreliablyprovidecompletevertigocontrol(ClassA)at2-yearsinabout50%ofcasesasindicatedinarecentdouble-blindrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial(Pateletal.,2016).Buttheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidstrulyincreaseswhentreatmentisprovided'as-needed',wherebycompletevertigocontrolisestablishedinupto91%ofcases.Onthebasisofavailableliterature,thereisgoodevidencetorecommendtheuseofintratympanicsteroidtreatmentforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdisease,butpatientsmustbemonitoredfornon-response.Therationalefortreatingpatientsas-neededandthepossiblereasonsforcorticosteroidnonresponsearediscussed.

简介：Bell’spalsyisacommonlyseencranialnervediseaseandcanresultincompromisedfacialappearanceandfunctions.Itsetiology,prognosisandtreatmentarestillbeingdebated.Thispaperisareviewofrecentdevelopmentintheunderstandingofetiology,diagnosisandnon-surgicaltreatmentofBell’spalsy.

简介：ObjectiveToreportoutcomesofnonsurgicalandsurgicalmanagementofMenière’sdiseaseatBeijingTiantanHospital.MethodsPatientswithMenière’sdiseasewerecategorizedintogroupsbasedonhearingandqualityoflife.Individualizedmanagementwasprovided,includinglifestylemodification,drugtherapies,endolymphaticsacdecompressionandlabyrinthectomy.Treatmentoutcomeswereevaluatedduringupto24monthsfollowup.ResultsEightysevenpatientsunderwentlifestylemodificationanddrugtherapies.ThevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas76.9%and83.8%respectively.Sixpatientsreceivedsurgicalmanagement,includingendolymphaticsacdecompression(n=5)andlabyrinthectomy(n=1).Forthesepatients,thevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas80%and100%,respectively.ConcluIsionsManagementofMenière’sdiseasedependsonseveralfactors,i.e.severitiesofvertigoandhearingloss,qualityoflife,surgicalcontraindicationsandpatientsubjectivedesire.Thetreatmentisdrugtherapiesforthemajorityofpatients,aswellaslifestylemodification.Surgicalindicationsarerareandtheleastinvasiveproceduresshouldbeconsideredfirst.Theresultsofsurgeryaregenerallysatisfying.

简介：目的：探讨失匹配负波（mismatchnegativity，MMN）检查在正常青年人中的特点，并分析阅读状态和集中注意力时MMN检查的结果有无差异。方法对12例青年女性（年龄29-31y，平均30.08y）和18例青年男性（年龄27-34y，平均30.22y）行MMN检查，所有受试者均行听性脑干反应（ABR）阈值检查，确定ABR阈值，MMN检查在受试者在阅读状态和集中注意力状态时分别检测，采用oddball刺激方式，给予短纯音刺激，偏差刺激声为2000Hz，概率为20%，标准刺激为1000Hz，概率为80%，刺激频率为1.1次/s，刺激声强度为ABR阈上50dBnHL；观察MMN潜伏期及波幅的特点。结果所有受试者ABR阈值均≤25dBnHL。每例受试者均可引出MMN波形，女性在阅读状态下MMN潜伏期为159.57±20.64ms，波幅为3.82±1.38uV，在集中注意力状态下MMN潜伏期为155.96±17.51ms，波幅为4.28±1.89uV，经配对t检验潜伏期和波幅在两种状态下无显著差异；男性在阅读状态下MMN潜伏期为150.48±19.57ms，波幅为3.75±1.27uV，在集中注意力状态下MMN潜伏期为144.81±15.42ms，波幅为3.99±1.34uV，经配对t检验潜伏期和波幅在两种状态下无显著差异；经独立样本t检验，男女在上述两种状态下MMN波幅和潜伏期均无显著差异。结论正常青年男女均能引出MMN波形，男女之间MMN检查的波幅和潜伏期无差异，阅读状态和集中注意力状态对MMN检查的波幅和潜伏期无影响。

简介：目的通过本实验证明s/z比值在聋儿言语呼吸中的临床应用价值.材料:在上海市随机选取4-17岁640名健听儿童,从国内外数家康复中心随机选出共29名配戴助听器且采用腹式呼吸的聋儿接受s/z测试,以及30名接受胸式呼吸训练的配戴助听器聋儿.方法采用"实时言语矫治仪"进行测试,令受试者先发/s/音,然后发/z/音,均符合最长声时的发音要求,然后求其比值.结果s/z比值不受年龄、性别的影响,且聋儿组康复训练前后s/z比值有着显著性差异,胸式呼吸的s/z比远大于腹式呼吸组.结论s/z比值能够进一步检测出聋儿言语呼吸不协调的问题,为制定康复方案提供了有价值的参考;同时证明胸式呼吸不仅使得聋儿的言语呼吸支持不足,而且造成呼吸和发音系统的严重不协调.

简介：本文对50例平坦型感音神经性聋病人用声反射阈以及AP-N1潜伏期检查响度重振进行了分析,结果显示:声反射阈重振阳性率为76%,纯音听阈与声反射阈阳性率的关系为:随着听阈的增高声反射阈阳性率下降;耳蜗电图在高声强时AP-N1潜伏期完全在正常范围的占56%,若以患耳与正常耳在同一阚上dB数比较,则100%小于正常耳,显示重振阳性.如果两指标结合检测,响度重振阳性率也明显提高.我们认为用AP-N1潜伏期检测响度重振方法可行、理论依据充分,且用它检测响度重振的阳性率明显高于声反射阈.

简介：摘要目的探讨老年患者体外冲击波碎石术围手术期护理体会。方法选取临床76例泌尿系结石患者的临床护理资料进地分析。结果通过精心的术前、术后护理减轻患得的痛苦，临床治疗疗效满意。结论治疗前应先控制感染，住院期间严密观察患者病情变化，提高疗效，减少并发症。

简介：目的：对70岁以上老人的听力障碍情况进行调查，了解高龄老年人群的听力损失特点。方法对103例70岁以上老人进行老年听力障碍量表筛查版（HHIE-S）问卷调查，并采集基本健康信息。结果在103例受调查者中，34例存在听力障碍（33.0%）。存在听力障碍的老人中，70～79岁5例（15.6%），80～89岁21例（36.8%），90～98岁8例（57.1%）。罹患糖尿病对于总得分、情绪得分、社交场景得分具有显著影响（P〈0.05）；年龄对社交场景得分有显著影响（P〈0.05），80岁以下的老年人社交场景得分低于80岁以上老年人（P〈0.05）；噪声接触史对社交场景得分有显著影响（P〈0.05）。结论HHIE-S可较好反映70岁以上老年人听力障碍情况。