简介：AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.

简介：目的设计整体运动知觉检测方法和研究正常人运动知觉特性.方法设计整体运动知觉测试软件,由微机控制,测定20例(40眼)正常人的运动知觉阈值.结果正常人运动知觉功能与性别及眼别无相关关系,而大于与小于50岁组的运动知觉分数值分别为4.47±0.40、4.85±0.16,两者具有显著性差异.结论建立了整体运动知觉检测方法,为临床应用打下了基础.

简介：AIM:Tostudythedistributionofocularhigher-orderaberrations(HOAs)andmesopicpupilsizeinindividualsscreenedforrefractivesurgery.·METHODS:OcularHOAsandmesopicpupilsizewerestudiedin2458eyesof1240patientswithmyopia,myopicastigmatismandcompoundmyopicastigmatismand215eyesof110patientswithhyperopia,hyperopicastigmatismandcompoundhyperopicastigmatismusingtheZywaveaberrometer(Busch&Lomb).Allpatientshadcorrectablerefractiveerrorswithoutahistoryofrefractivesurgeryorunderlyingdiseases.Root-mean-squarevaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberration,totalcomaandmesopicpupilsizewereanalyzed.OcularHOAsweremeasuredacrossa≥6.0mmpupil,andpupilsizemeasurementswereperformedunderthemesopiccondition.·RESULTS:ThemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomainthemyopicgroupwere0.369μm,±0.233,0.133±0.112μmand0.330±0.188μm,respectively.InthehyperopicgroupthemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomawere0.418μm±0.214,0.202±0.209μmand0.343±0.201μm,respectively.HyperopesshowedgreatertotalHOAs(P<0.01)andtotalsphericalaberration(P<0.01)comparedtomyopes.Inage-matchedanalysis,onlytheamountoftotalsphericalaberrationwashigherinthehyperopicgroup(P=0.05).Mesopicpupilsizeinthemyopicgroupwaslarger(P≤0.05).·CONCLUSION:TheresultssuggestedthatsignificantlevelsofHOAswerefoundinbothgroupswhichareimportantforplanningrefractivesurgeriesonIranians.Thereweresignificantlyhigherlevelsoftotalsphericalaberrationinhyperopescomparedtomyopes.Mesopicpupilsizewaslargerinmyopicgroup.

简介：AIM:Toexaminetheα-Galgeneexpressionanddistributioninthedifferentspecies/genusanddevelopingphaseanimalocularsurfacetissue.METHODS:α-Galbindingassaywerecarriedoutonvariousanimaleyesections.Photograph,slit-lampobservationonvariouseyeshowednormalcornealtransparence.RESULTS:Astrongα-Galexpressionininvertebratesandsomevertebratesoculartissue,butnoα-Galbindinginbirds,fishandmammal.α-Galexpressionchangeinthedevelopmentofmiceocularsurfacetissue(exceptsclera)anddisplaygenusdependencyinthedifferentmurineocularsurfacetissue.CONCLUSION:Thisstudyidentifiedspecificα-Galepitopesbindingareaintheocularsurfaceofseveralspeciesandmaysolvetheproblemthatnaiveocularsurfacemaybeusedasnaturalα-Galgeneknockoutmodel/highriskimmunologicrejectionmodelorocularsurfacescaffoldmaterial.

简介：甲状腺癌是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤，约占全身肿瘤的1，3％，占头颈部肿瘤的5．1％。病理类型分为乳头状腺癌（60％～80％）、滤泡状腺癌（20％）、髓样癌（3％-10％）及未分化癌（15％）。分化型甲状腺癌包括乳头状腺癌和滤泡状腺癌，发病率高，生长缓慢，恶性程度较低。由于基层医院在术前诊断方面的欠缺，术中往往没有冷冻病理检查，造成手术不规范，需要再次手术修正。现对我院52例需再次手术的分化型甲状腺癌病例进行分析，总结如下。

简介：角膜感染如果不能很快的诊断和恰当的治疗,可使角膜失去透明性而致盲。“微生物性角膜炎”、“感染性角膜炎”和“化脓性角膜炎”都是指角膜的化脓性感染。在这篇文章里,我们使用“微生物性角膜炎”这一概念。这些感染的特征是角膜实质层的黄白色浸润,伴或不伴角膜上皮的缺损,常有炎性反应。（图1）微生物性角膜炎的最常见主诉如下（包括不同的严重程度）：·眼红·疼痛·视物模糊·畏光·流泪这篇文章将回顾细菌性和真菌性角膜炎,

简介：超声乳化术已经成为了目前治疗老年性白内障的主要手术方式。随着超声乳化术的广泛应用，该种术式对于眼前节结构和功能影响的研究也层出不穷。本文回顾了近几年来国内外这方面的相关文献，阐述了超声乳化术对眼前节结构和功能的影响。

简介：目的探讨在规模化复明工程中应用小切口非超声乳化白内障手术的环节控制。方法对1888例（1888眼）施行小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术,分析手术流程及效果。结果术后第一天时,裸眼视力〉=0.5者1056例;占55.93%;〉=0.3者396例,占20.97%;〈0.3者395例,占20.92%;〈0.05者41例,占2.17%。结论在基层条件下充分准备,优化技术管理,在简单的条件下充分利用有限卫生资源,可让更多的白内障患者脱盲。

简介：目的观察羊膜移植治疗严重角膜疾病的疗效并总结护理体会。方法严重角膜疾病患者38例40眼行羊膜移植后观察植片愈合情况及视力变化结果术后羊膜植片贴覆愈合良好,并于术后2周左右逐渐溶解脱落,角膜透明度改善或溃疡愈合,视力明显改善。结论羊膜成本低、来源广,可成为一种治疗严重角膜疾病的新手段。

简介：AIM:ToInvestigatetheeffectsoftransforminggrowthfactorβ2(TGF-β2)andconnectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)ontransdifferentiationofhumanlensepithelialcells(HLECs)culturedinvitroandsynthesisofextracellularmatrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECsweretreatedwithTGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)andCTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)fordifferenttimes(0,24,48,72h)invitroandtheexpressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA),themaincomponentoftheextracellularmatrixtypeⅠcollagen(Col-1)andfibronectin(Fn)weremeasuredbyusingreal-timepolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andwestern-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2andCTGFsignificantlyincreasedexpressionofα-SMAmRNAandprotein(P<0.05,P<0.001),FnmRNAandprotein(P<0.001),Col-1mRNAandprotein(P<0.001).TGF-β2couldinduceHLECsexpressionofCTGFmRNAandproteinindosedependentmanner(P<0.05,P<0.001).TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECstoexpressα-SMA,FnandCol-1intime-dependentmanner.EachtimeofTGF-β2andCTGFinducedHELCsexpressionofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1mRNAandproteinwassignificantincreasecomparedwithcontrol(P<0.05,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECsepithelialmesenchymaltransitionandECMsynthesis.

简介：目的：对湖北地区20～29岁人群的角膜散光情况与不同近视度数的关系进行调查,找出其变化规律。方法：用角膜地形图对随机抽取的2254例湖北地区20～29岁青年居民进行散光度、轴向及近视度数的测定,并分析其变化规律。结果：湖北地区20～29岁居民中,各个近视度段散光在26°～150°范围内所占人数比例最大,各个近视度段均呈现顺规散光人数多于逆规散光。其中女性高度近视段约为75.3%,中度近视段约为82.7%,低度近视段约为87.2%;男性高度近视段约为74.6%,中度近视段约为83.0%,低度近视段约为82.3%。20～29岁男性高度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于其他两组;女性低度近视段顺规散光人数比例低于其他两组,差异有统计学意义。20～29岁人群中女性中度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于同近视度男性组,且女性总体组顺规散光人数比例高于男性总体组,差异有统计学意义。20～29岁男、女性高度近视组200°以内散光人数比例均低于中度近视组,差异有统计学意义。结论：湖北地区20～29岁居民中,各个近视度段散光在26°～150°范围内所占人数比例最大,且各个近视度段不论男女均呈现顺规散光人数多于逆规散光;男性高度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于其他两组,女性低度近视段顺规散光人数比例低于其他两组;女性中度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于同近视度男性组,且女性总体组顺规散光人数比例高于男性总体组;男、女性高度近视组200°以内散光人数比例均低于中度近视组。

简介：AIM:Tomeasurecentralcornealthickness(CCT)andpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessusingtheGalileidualScheimpfluganalyzer(GSA)inNewZealandWhiterabbits.METHODS:TennormalNewZealandWhiterabbits(20eyes)wereincludedinthisstudy.Withtheassistanceof0.1%fluorescein,thepre-cornealtearfilmcanbewellvisualized.BotheyesofeachrabbitwerescannedoncewiththeGSApre-andpost-instillationof1μL0.1%fluorescein.ThedifferencebetweenthetwomeasurementsofCCT(4-mmdiameter)wasrecordedasthepachymetricvaluesofthecentraltearfilm.RESULTS:TheCCTofpre-andpost-instillationwas388.8±9.5μmand407.0±10.5μm,respectively.Afterapairedt-testanalysis,thecentralpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessof4mmdiameterwas18.2±5.31μmwitha95%confidenceintervalof(15.7,20.6)μm(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:GSAcanbeusedtomeasureCCTandanalyzecentraltearfilmthicknessofrabbitswiththehelpoffluorescein.

简介：<正>DearSir,IamDr.YunLi,fromtheSecondHospitalAffiliatedtoNanchangUniversity,JiangxiProvince,China.IwritetopresentacasereportofIOLimplantationin

简介：<正>今将我们近年来开展应用ERG检测120例及联合应用VEP检测50例视网膜色素变性(RP)病例报告如下。临床资料共检测视网膜色素变性患者120例,男78例,女42例,年龄最小仅4岁,最大72岁。110例皆有夜盲史,在80例行视野检查者中,呈典型管状视野的30例,50例有不同视野改变,多数呈不规则状缩

简介：鼻内镜术后窦黏膜的组织学检查及黏膜纤毛清除功能较术前均有改善,部分组织学及黏膜纤毛清除功能的恢复可能需要1年甚至更长的时间.鼻内镜术后鼻窦的组织学形态与功能之间存在好的对应性.手术后的鼻内镜检查和糖精试验联合使用,可以有效评估黏膜的恢复情况.

简介：术中导航系统是鼻和颅底外科学中崛起的一项微创新技术。本文就术中导航系统的历史及其类型和意义作一综述。

简介：目的：比较雷珠单抗和光动力疗法（photodynamictherapy，PDT）治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-relatedmaculardegeneration，AMD）的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析23例PDT治疗的湿性AMD患者和23例予雷珠单抗玻璃体腔内注射治疗的湿性AMD患者的资料，比较两组在治疗后1，3，6mo的视力、OCT及FFA变化情况。结果：两组患者术后1，3mo视力均得到明显提高，两组在统计学意义上无显著差异，雷珠单抗组有2例（9％）患者在治疗后6mo出现视力回降现象，PDT组患者在术后3mo及术后6mo视力变化稳定。结论：雷珠单抗和PDT治疗湿性AMD，均能有效控制湿性AMD患者病情发展并能改善患者视力，两种疗法疗效的比较在短期内无统计学意义，但是术后6mo，PDT的稳定性优于雷珠单抗。

简介：目的回顾性研究中央角膜厚度（CCT）、眼轴长度对眼压的影响。方法155例310只眼行LASIK手术前检查,角膜厚度和眼轴长度由A超测量获得,眼压由Cannon非接触式眼压计测量,进行Pearson相关分析和偏相关分析。结果非接触式眼压IOP数值明显依赖于CCT（r=0.405,=0.000）,IOP与眼轴长度之间具有统计学意义的相关性（r=0.137,〈0.01）。结论CCT对Cannon非接触式眼压计测量的眼压值有明显影响,眼轴长度与IOP之间有相关性。

简介：目的探讨喉癌前哨淋巴结定位和活检技术的可行性及其对颈淋巴结转移癌的预测价值.方法采用1%专利兰(PatentblueVdye),对31例颈淋巴结N0的喉癌患者进行术中前哨淋巴结定位研究,且对术中前哨淋巴结及颈清扫术切除淋巴结进行常规病理检查和对比,观察前哨淋巴结对颈淋巴结转移癌的预测值.结果3l例中21例找到前哨淋巴结,成功率67.7%,前哨淋巴结对颈淋巴结转移癌的预测值为95.2%.结论喉癌前哨淋巴结的定位和活检技术切实可行,且前哨淋巴结检测能够准确预测颈淋巴结转移癌的状况.