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简介：Themaintenancesequencesofaknowledgebaseandtheirlimitsareintroduced.Someconceptsusedinknowledgebasemaintenance,suchasnewlaws,user'srejections,andreconstructionsofaknowledgebasearedefined;therelatedtheoremsareproved.Aprocedureisdefinedusingtransitionsystems;itgeneratesmaintenancesequencesforagivenuser'smodelandaknowledgebase.Itisprovedthatallsequencesproducedbytheprocedureareconvergent,andtheirlimitisthesetoftruesentencesofthemodel.Somecomputationalaspectsofreconstructionsarestudied.AnR-calculusisgiventodeduceareconstructionwhenaknowledgebasemeetsauser'srejection.TheworkiscomparedwithAGM'stheoryofbeliefrevision.

简介：Wepresentastep-by-stepapproachforconstructingaframeworkforknowledgeprocessanalysis(KPA).Weintendtoapplythisframeworktotheanalysisofownresearchprojectsinanexploratorywayandelaborateitthroughtheaccumulationofcasestudies.Thisstudyisbasedonamethodologyconsistingofknowledgeprocessmodeling,primitivessynthesis,andreflectiveverification.Wedescribedetailsofthemethodologyandpresenttheresultsofcasestudies:anovelmethodology,apracticalworkguide,andatoolforKPA;insightsforimprovingfutureresearchprojectsandeducation;andtheintegrationofexistingknowledgecreationtheories.

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简介：Thispaperconsiderstheregionalvitalizationproblemanddiscussesthemethodologytocreateregionalvitalizationplans,whichincludeactivatingthelocaleconomy,enrichingpeople'slives,andactivatingthefeelingsofpeople,bynewinitiatives.Activityunderlyingthemethodologyistheexperienceofimplementingseveralactualprojectswiththelocalresidents,andtheoryunderlyingthemethodologyistheknowledgeconstructionandjustificationtheorybasedonknowledgemanagementandsystemsthinking.Introducinganactualvitalizationprojectasanillustrativeexample,thepaperproposesaknowledgereconstructionandjustificationprocedureforregionalvitalization.

简介：Withmassiveamountsofdatastoredindatabases,mininginformationandknowledgeindatabaseshasbecomeanimportantissueinrecentresearch.Researchersinmanydifferentfieldshaveshowngreatinterestindateminingandknowledgediscoveryindatabases.Severalemergingapplicationsininformationprovidingservices,suchasdatawarehousingandon-lineservicesovertheInternet,alsocallforvariousdataminingandknowledgediscoverytchniquestounderstandusedbehaviorbetter,toimprovetheserviceprovided,andtoincreasethebusinessopportunities.Inresponsetosuchademand,thisarticleistoprovideacomprehensivesurveyonthedataminingandknowledgediscorverytechniquesdevelopedrecently,andintroducesomerealapplicationsystemsaswell.Inconclusion,thisarticlealsolistssomeproblemsandchallengesforfurtherresearch.

简介：Thispaperproposestheprincipleofcomprehensiveknowledgediscovery.Unlikemostofthecurrentknowledgediscoverymethods,thecomprehensiveknowledgediscoveryconsidersboththespatialrelationsandattributesofspatialentitiesorobjects.Weintroducethetheoryofspatialknowledgeexpressionsystemandsomeconceptsincludingcomprehensiveknowledgediscoveryandspatialunioninformationtable(SUIT).Intheory,SUITrecordsallinformationcontainedinthestudiedobjects,butinreality,becauseofthecomplexityandvarietiesofspatialrelations,onlythosefactorsofinteresttousareselected.Inordertofindoutthecomprehensiveknowledgefromspatialdatabases,anefficientcomprehensiveknowledgediscoveryalgorithmcalledrecycledalgorithm(RAR)issuggested.

简介：Theroleofgrammarinlanguageteachinghasalwaysbeenthequestionthatresearchersdebate.Inrecentyears,grammarknowledgehasbeendistinguishedintheforeignlanguageacquisitionresearch,namelytheimplicitknowledgeandtheexplicitknowledge(DaiManchun2005;GuQiyi2005).Astothereaserchofimplicitandexplicitgrammarknowledgeaswellastheirmeasurement,itiseasytofindthatmanyscholarshavestudiedtheroleoftwodifferentkindsofgrammarknowledgeinsecondlanguagedevelopment.Buttheresearchontheroleofimplicitandexplicitgrammarknowledgeinsecondlanguagereadingcomprehensionistoofew,nottomentiontheresearchontheroleofimplicitandexplicitgrammarknowledgeinEnglishreadingcomprehensionintheseniorhighschool.ThepurposeofthisstudyistofindtherelationshipbetweenimplicitandexplicitgrammaticalknowledgeandEnglishreadingcomprehensionabilityofseniorhighschoolstudents.Inaddition,sincethevocabularyisimportanttoreadingcomprehension,thisfactorwillalsobeconsideredinthestudy.

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简介：because we lack knowledge of cultural background. Here is a sentence from a report摘要,cultural background knowledge is also important. Why is it that the English writing of Chinese students read so much like translations of Chinese,religion and literature b) New allusions 2. From the respect of idioms as illustration D. Necessity of cultural background knowledge in writing and translation 1. In translation 2. In writing a) Differences in Chinese and English writing styles b) Necessity of knowing these differences III. How to carry out the teaching of cultural background knowledge A. Selecting proper teaching material B. Encouraging wide reading C. Paying attention to proper wording in the classroom D. Using native English video tapes and films E. Encouraging communication with native speakers of English F. Holding lectures about culture IV. Conclusion摘要

简介：这篇论文在这个问题上集中怎么在一个研究院(JAIST)为知识创造造电子支持环境。以便估计科学创造性的多样的条件的重要性，我们从调查结果的数据库在JAIST，和提取有用知识执行了调查。在JAIST跟随知识创造和调查调查结果的学术进程的理论的分析，一个computer-basedintegrated系统被建议。在系统设计的方面，我们要求为学术创造性的电子支持环境能与因特网，应用程序服务器，中间的商品，数据库和数据仓库通过无缝的集成被完成。论文为学术研究在电子支持系统处理知识表示的问题，测试，评估发出并且结论。

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简介：Inrecentyears,wehavebeendevelopinganewframeworkforacquiringmedicalknowledgefromEncyclopedictexts.Thisframeworkconsistsofthreemajorparts.Thefirstpartisanextendedhigh-levelconceptuallanguage(calledHLCL1.1)forusebyknowledgeengineerstoformalizeknowledgetextsinanencyclopedia.TheotherpartisanHLCL1.1compilerforparsingandanalyzingtheformalizedtextsintoknowledgemodels.Thethirdpartisasetofdomain-specificontologiesforsharingknowledge.

简介：Thispaperpresentsastudyoftheeffectofcultur-albackgroundonTOEFLscores.Itproceedsfromtherelationbetweencultureandlanguage,thenillus-trateswithactualquestionsfromvarioussectionsofTOEFLtestshowAmericanculturalbackgroundexertsaremarkableinfluenceonTOEFLscores,andcon-cludeswithrevelationswithregardtoEnglishteachinginthiscountry.

简介：《文化与交际》,The re ,people’s 

简介：Thispapergivesanoutlineofknowledgebaserevisionandsomerecentlypresentedcomplexityresultsaboutpropostitionalknowledgebaserevision.Differentmethodsforrevisingpropositionalknowledgebasehavebeenproposedrecentlybyseveralresearchers,butallmethodsareintractableinthegeneralcase.Forpracticalapplication,thispaperpresentsarevisionmethodforspecialcase,andgivesitscorrespondingpolynomialalgorithm.

简介：AbstractInfectious disease outbreaks, such as 'Coronavirus disease 2019' (COVID-19), can constitute major global health threats with far-reaching consequences. As outbreaks develop, the international scientific community must provide high-quality scientific research-ready biological samples to solve the existing clinical and epidemiological questions to better combat the pandemic. Such examples are provided by dedicated biobank facilities, the latter collecting increasingly high volumes of biological samples. However, the more significant concentrations of infectious or potentially infectious biological materials can create a safety risk. The current short report describes the first attempt to identify the published scientific works on biobanking and safety. Three broad thematic areas have been identified: the physical security relevant to staff and sample integrity, the data safety aspects, and the governance parameters relating to the previous two. While the current publications reflect a broad alignment with existing standards and best practices in the biobanking field, they also demonstrate an opportunity for further in-depth work on this field in the post-COVID-19 era.