简介:Anultra-broadbandandfabrication-tolerantsiliconpolarizationrotatorsplitterisproposedinthisLetter.Benefittingfromthebroadbandandlow-losscharacteristicsofthebi-leveltaperandcounter-taperedcoupler,thedesigneddevicehasasimulatedinsertionlossandcrosstalkoflessthan0.2and-15dBinthewavebandfrom1290to1610nm.Thesecharacteristicsmakeitvaluableinapplicationswithlargebandwidthrequirements,suchasfull-gridCoarsewavelengthdivisionmultiplexer(CWDM)anddiplexer/triplexerfiber-to-the-homesystems.Thefabricationtoleranceofthedesignisalsoanalyzed,showingthatthedeviceperformanceisquitestablewithnormalmanufacturingerrorsinsiliconphotonicsfoundries.
简介:Horizontalandverticaldistributionsofδ18Oandδ13Cwereinvestigatedinshellsoffourplanktonicforaminiferalspecies,Globigerinoidesruber,Globigerinoidessacculifer,PulleniatinaobliquiloculataandNeogloboquedrinadutertrei,fromatotalof62core-topsedimentsamplesfromtheIndonesianthroughflowregion.Resultswerecomparedtomodernhydrologicconditionsinordertoexplorepotentialofproxiesinreconstructingfluvialdischargeandupperoceanwatercolumncharacteristicsinthisregion.Ourresultsshowthat,intheMakassarStrait,bothofdepletedδ18Oandδ13Cofthesefourspecieswerelinkedtofreshwaterinput.IntheBaliSea,however,depletedδ18Oandδ13Cforthesespeciesmaybeduetodifferentreasons.Depletedδ18Owasaresultoffreshwaterinputandaswellinfluencedbyalong-shorecurrentswhiledepletedδ13CwasmorelikelyduetotheJava-Sumatraupwelling.Comparisonofshellδ18OrecordsandhydrographicdataofWorldOceanAtlas2005suggeststhatG.ruberandG.sacculifercalcifywithinthemixed-layer,respectivelyat0–50mand20–75mwaterdepth,andP.obliquiloculataandN.dutertreiwithintheupperthermocline,bothat75–125mwaterdepth.N.dutertreicalcifiesatslightlydeeperwaterdepththanP.obliquiloculatadoes.Ingeneral,δ13CvaluesofbothG.ruberandG.sacculiferarelargerthanthoseofP.obliquiloculataandN.dutertreiatallsites,possiblyrelatedtodepthhabitatsofthesespeciesandverticaldistributionofnutrientsintheIndonesianthroughflowregion.