简介：TheeconomicbenefitsandoptimalrotationageofLarixkaempferipulpwoodplantationwereanalyzedunderstochasticpulpwoodpriceusingrealoptionsapproachinordertomoreeffectivelymanagementtoL.kaempferipulpwoodplantationinnorthernsub-tropicalalpinearea.Flexiblerotationageandthresholdpricetodifferentstandageofdifferentsiteindexplantationweredeveloped.Theresultindicatedthat:1)theoptimalrotationageofL.kaempferiplantationinsiteindex15,17,19,21was25,23,21and19a,respectively,asthecurrentpulpwoodpriceequals500yuan·m-3,andtheshortestrotationagewas23,20,17and15awhenfacingtobetterprice;and2)Waitoptionshouldbetheoptimumstrategyinanypulpwoodpricelevelwhenthestandageislowerthantheshortestrotationage.

简介：Powerefficiencyandlinkreliabilityareofgreatimportanceinhierarchicalwirelesssensornetworks(HWSNs),especiallyatthekeylevel,whichconsistsofsensornodeslocatedonlyonehopawayfromthesinknodecalledOHS.ThepowerandadmissioncontrolprobleminHWSNsiscomsideredtoimproveitspowerefficiencyandlinkreliability.Thisproblemismodeledasanon-cooperativegameinwhichtheactiveOHSsareconsideredasplayers.Byapplyingadouble-pricingschemeinthedefinitionofOHSs'utilityfunction,aNashEquilibriumsolutionwithnetworkpropertiesisderived.Besides,adistributedalgorithmisalsoproposedtoshowthedynamicprocessestoachieveNashEquilibrium.Finally,thesimulationresultsdemonstratetheeffectivenessoftheproposedalgorithm.

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简介：WiththeincomeincreaseofelderlypeopleinBeijingandtheimprovementofleisurefacilitiessince2000,thequalityofelderlypeopleleisurelifeinBeijinghasobviouslyincreasedcomparedtotenyearsago.Accordingtotheinvestigationandcomparativeanalysisonmorethan900elderlypeople,whousuallyexerciseinpublicparksinBeijingCity,wehavefoundoutseveralnewfeaturesofelderlypeople’soutdoorrecreationinBeijing:theincreaseoftheleisuretime,theexpansionofleisurespace,theindividuationofinterestandthediversificationofconsumption.Theleisurelifequalityevaluationindexsystemofurbanelderlypeoplecanbebuiltbasedontheseanalyses.Inordertoaccommodatethedevelopmenttendencyofelderlypeople’sdemandforleisurediversification,weshouldstrengthentheorganizationandmanagementofelderlypeople’sleisureactivityinurbanconstruction,andpaymoreattentiontofunctioncomplementationbetweencommunitiesandparks.

简介：整体的一个混血儿实验模式分解和实验模式分解(EEMD-EMD)被介绍诊断阀门耳光颤动信号，它相对一台柴油机引擎在最高的死了的中心(TDC)附近给出的主导的燃烧敲击颤动信号。EEMD-EMD分解的内在的模式功能(IMF)的时间频率代表被适应概括S变换(AGST)获得。A类型493柴油机引擎被用于实验，并且结果显示柴油机引擎的阀门耳光是严肃的，并且颤动频率比燃烧敲击高。与EEMD-EMD-AGST途径，阀门耳光能被柴油机引擎的颤动分析识别。

简介：Anewformationnavigationapproachderivedfrommulti-robotscooperativeonlineFastSLAMisproposed.Inthisapproach,theleaderandfollowerrobotsaredefined.Theposterioriestimationoftheleaderrobotstateistreatedasarelativereferenceforallfollowerrobotstocorrecttheirstateprioriestimations.Thecontrolvolumeofindividualfollowerwillbeachievedfromtheresultsofthecorrectedestimation.Allrobotsareobservedaslandmarkswithknownassociationsbytheothersandareconsideredintheirlandmarksupdating.Bythemethod,theerrorsoftherobotposteriorestimationsarereducedandtheformationiswellkept.Thesimulationandphysicalexperimentresultsshowthatthemulti-robotsrelativelocalizationaccuracyisimprovedandtheformationnavigationcontrolismorestableandefficientthannormalleader-followingstrategy.Thealgorithmiseasyinimplementation.

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简介：Thespring(March-April-May)rainfallovernorthernChina(SPRNC)ispredictedbyusingtheinterannualincrementapproach.DYdenotesthedifferencebetweenthecurrentyearandpreviousyears.TheseasonalforecastmodelfortheDYofSPRNCisconstructedbasedonthedatathataretakenfromthe1965-2002period(38years),inwhichsixpredictorsareavailablenolaterthanthecurrentmonthofFebruary.Thisisfavorablesothattheseasonalforecastscanbemadeonemonthahead.Then,SPRNCandthepercentageanomalyofSPRNCareobtainedbythepredictedDYofSPRNC.Themodelperformswellinthepredictionoftheinter-annualvariationoftheDYofSPRNCduring1965-2002,withacorrelationcoefficientbetweenthepredictedandobservedDYofSPRNCof0.87.Thisaccountsfor76%ofthetotalvariance,withalowvaluefortheaveragerootmeansquareerror(RMSE)of20%.Boththeresultsofthehindcastfortheperiodof2003-2010(eightyears)andthecross-validationtestfortheperiodof1965-2009(45years)illustratethegoodpredictioncapabilityofthemodel,withasmallmeanrelativeerrorof10%,anRMSEof17%andahighrateofcoherenceof87.5%forthehindcastsofthepercentageanomalyofSPRNC.

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简介：ObjectiveToinvestigatetheclinicaloutcomesoffacialneverdecompressionviaacombinedsubtemporal-supralabyrinthineapproachtogeniculateganglionformanagementoffacialparalysisintemporalbonefracture.MethodsEighteenpatientswithunilateralfacialparesisduetotemporalbonefractureweretreatedbetweenMarch2003andMarch2011.FacialfunctionwasHouse-Brackmann(HB)gradeⅢin6patients,HBgradeⅤin9patientsandHBgradeⅥin3patients.Thepreoperativemeanairconductionthresholdwas52dBHLforthe15caseswithlongitudinaltemporalbonefractureandshowedseveresensorineuralhearinglossinthe3caseswithtransversetemporalbonefracture.Fracturelinesweredetectedin15casesontemporalboneaxialCTscansandossiculardisruptionwasdeterminedin11casesbyvirtualCTendoscopy.Thegeniculateganglionorthetympanicmastoidsegmentofthefacialnerveshowedanirregularmorphologyoncurvedplanarreformationimagesofthefacialnervecanal.Afteranintactcanalwallmastoido-epitympanectomy,theossicularchaindamagewasevaluated.Iftheossicularchainwasintact,thesupralabyrinthinerecesswasopenedbydrillingthroughthecellsbetweenthetegmentympaniandossicularchain.Iftheossicularchainwasdisrupted,theincuswasremovedtoaccessthesupralabyrinthinerecess.Thegeniculateganglionandthedistallabyrinthinesegmentofthefacialnervewereexposed.Aftercompletingfacialnervedecompression,thedislocatedincuswasreplaced,orafracturedincuswasreshapedtobridgethespacebetweenthemalleusandthestapes.ResultsPronouncedgangliongeniculatumswellingwasfoundin15casesoflongitudinaltemporalbonefracture,withgreaterpetrosusnervesdamagein3casesandbleedingin5cases.Disruptedossicularchainswereseenin11cases,includingdislocatedincusresultingincrushingofthehorizontalportionofthefacialnervein3casesandfractureoftheincuslongprocessin1case.In3casesoftransversefractures,

简介：Thegeometryofaninductivelycoupledplasma(ICP)etcherisusuallyconsideredtobeanimportantfactorfordeterminingbothplasmaandprocessuniformityoveralargewafer.Duringthepastfewdecades,theseparametersweredeterminedbythe'trialanderror'method,resultinginwastesoftimeandfunds.Inthispaper,anewapproachofregressionorthogonaldesignwithplasmasimulationexperimentsisproposedtoinvestigatethesensitivityofthestructuralparametersontheuniformityofplasmacharacteristics.ThetoolforsimulatingplasmaisCFD-ACE+,whichiscommercialmulti-physicalmodelingsoftwarethathasbeenproventobeaccurateforplasmasimulation.Thesimulatedexperimentalresultsareanalyzedtogetaregressionequationonthreestructuralparameters.Throughthisequation,engineerscancomputetheuni-formityoftheelectronnumberdensityrapidlywithoutmodelingbyCFD-ACE+.Anoptimizationperformedattheendproducesgoodresults.

简介：Apeer-to-peer(P2P)networkisadistributedapplicationarchitecturewhichprovidesmanyattractivefeatures,suchasavailability,self-organization,load-balancing,andanonymity.However,P2Pnetworkhascreatedsignificantproblemstonetworkoperatorsbygeneratinglargevolumesofinterautonomoussystem(inter-AS)traffic.FocusingontheBitTorrentswarmingprotocol,thispaperproposesanapproachwhichaimstoreduceP2Pgeneratedinter-AStraffic.Inparticular,theapproachcanreduceinter-AStrafficby50%to70%.Moreover,itcanimprovethedownloadingspeedby60%forthepopulartorrents.Theevaluationshowsthatcontrolledregional-basedcontentsreplicationcaneffectivelyachievethisgoal.Furthermore,theapproachisincrementallydeployable.NetworkregionsinwhichthesystemgetsdeployedcansolvetheirP2Pgeneratedinter-AStrafficproblemsautonomously,i.e.,withoutanyInternetserviceproviders-collaborationandanyrequirement,thesystemcanbedeployedintheentireInternet.

简介：处于自然条件预言昆虫的人口动力学为他们的管理或保藏是必要的，并且温度依赖者发展模型贡献完成这。在这研究，温度和在鸡蛋开发满意、Clavipalpusursinus(Blanchard)孵的土壤潮湿的效果被评估。鸡蛋与7.2，13.0，15.5，19.7，20.6，22.0和25.3湩的一般水准暴露于七个温度处理

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简介：ThispaperstudiestheinfinitetimehorizonmixedH-two/H-infinitycontrolproblemfordescriptorsystemsusingNashgameapproach.Anecessary/sufficientconditionfortheexistenceofinfinitehorizonH-two/H-infinitycontrolispresentedintheformoftwocoupledalgebraicRiccatiequations,respectively.Finally,asuboptimalH-two/H-infinitycontrollerdesignisgivenbasedonaniterativelinearmatrixinequalityalgorithm.

简介：Inthispaper,ananalyticaltechniqueispresentedfortimedomainanalysis(transientandsteady-stateresponse)ofperturbedPWMpush-pullDC-DCconverterusinginterestingcorollaryonKharitonov'stheorem.ThemainadvantageoftheproposedanalysisisthateventhoughthetransferfunctionmodelofaPWMpush-pullDC-DCconverterisperturbed,thecompleteanalysishasbeendoneonalineartransferfunctionmodelofaPWMpush-pullDC-DCconverter.TheproposedanalysisisverifiedusingMATLABsimulation.Thisanalysiswillbeverymuchusefultopowerelectronicsengineers,sincethetechniqueisverysimpleandcomputationallyefficientandeasilyapplicableinpreciseapplicationssuchasaerospaceapplications.