简介：Athree-dimensionalmodelofGaAs/A1GaAsquantumdoubleringsinthelateralstaticelectricfieldisinvestigatedtheoretically.Theeigenvalueproblemwiththeeffective-massapproximationissolvedbymeansofthefinite-elementmethod.Theenergylevelsandwavefunctionsofquantum-confinedelectronsandheavyholesareobtainedandshowanagreementwithourprevioustheoreticalandexperimentalstudies.ItisshownintheapproximationofneglectingtheCoulombattractionbetweentheelectronandheavyholethatarelativelylargeStarkshiftofexcitonemissionof4meVisattainablewithanappliedelectricfieldof0.7kV/cm.

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简介：Pull-apartbasinsofthreescaleswerefoundalongtheHaiyuanfaultzone.Thelargestoneismorethan50kmlong,namedLaolongwanbasindevelopedinMiocene.Amodelwasbuilttocalculatetheamountofpull-apartofanextensionalbasin.Parametersusedincalculationincludethicknessandlengthofdepositionanddepthofdetachment.Theresultsofcalculationshowthattheamountofpull-apartoftheLaolongwanBasinisabout30km.Basedonpreviousstudiesandcalculatingbyusingtheaverageslipratemethod,amountofpull-apartoftheothertwosmallerbasinsare22kmand8km,respectively.Thus,thetotaldisplacementofstrikeslipalongtheHaiynanfaultzoneisabout60kin,whichisclosetotheoffsetoftheYellowRiverfromJingtaitoJingynan.

简介：Objective:Toexplorethecontentchangeofneurofilament(NF)proteinsubunitsintheexperimentalbraindiffuseaxonalinjury(DAI)bylateralheadrotation.Methods:Twenty-fourSpragueDawley(SD)ratswereequallydividedintothreeinjurygroups(2h,12h,and24hpostinjury)andonecontrolgroup.ThemodelsofDAIweremadeintheinjurygroupsbylateralheadrotation.westernblottingtechniquewasusedtomeasuretheconteneofNF68(akindofNFproteinsubunit)inthebrainstemtissuesamongalltheinjuredandcontrolrats.TheNF68immunohistochemicalstainingwasusedinanothersixSDratsinordertoobservethemorphologicalchangesinDAI.Results:TheNF68contentinthebrainstemtendedtodecreaseat2hpostinjury,decreasedsignificantlyat12handcontinueditsdecreaseat24h.NF56andNF52,asthebreakdownproductsofNF68,hadatendencytoincreaseat2-12haftertheinjury,andamountedtoasignificantlyhigherlevelat24h.Microscopically,therewerealotofswellingneuronalaxonsintheventralpartofthemedullaroblongateat2haftertheinjury.someaxonsweredisconnected,andaxonalretractionballsformedontheirproximalend.Conclusions:ThereisandoccurrenceofphosphorolysiswithinthebrainsteminDAIbylateralheadrotation.ThesereactionscausethebreakdownofNF68,whichresultsinthedecreaseofNF68incontent.ItsuggeststhatthebreakdownofneurofilamentproteinsubunitsisanimportantreasonforstructuraldestroyofneurofilamentsinDAI.

简介：AbstractBackground:The three-dimensional (3D) visualization model has ability to quantify the surgical anatomy of far-lateral approach. This study was designed to disclose the relationship between surgical space and exposed tissues in the far-lateral approach by the volumetric analysis of 3D model.Methods:The 3D skull base models were constructed using MRI and CT data of 15 patients (30 sides) with trigeminal neuralgia. Surgical corridors of the far-lateral approach were simulated by triangular pyramids to represent two surgical spaces exposing bony and neurovascular tissues. Volumetric comparison of surgical anatomy was performed using pair t test.Results:The morphometric results were almost the same in the two surgical spaces except the vagus nerve (CN X) exposed only in one corridor, whereas the volumetric comparison represented the statistical significant differences of surgical space and bony and neurovascular tissues involved in the two corridors (P<0.001). The differences of bony and neurovascular tissues failed to equal the difference of surgical space.Conclusions:For far-lateral approach, the increase of exposure for the bony and neurovascular tissues is not necessarily matched with the increase of surgical space. The volumetric comparative analysis is helpful to provide more detailed anatomical information in the surgical design.

简介：AbstractBackground:Epigenetics, and especially DNA methylation, contributes to the pathogenesis of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS). This study aimed to investigate the role of DNA methylation in SALS using whole blood of SALS patients.Methods:In total, 32 SALS patients and 32 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. DNA was isolated from whole blood collected from the participants. DNA methylation profiles were generated using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip.Results:We identified 34 significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) in whole blood from SALS patients, compared with the healthy controls. Of these DMPs, five were hypermethylated and 29 were hypomethylated; they corresponded to 13 genes. For the DMPs, ATAD3B and BLK were hypermethylated, whereas DDO, IQCE, ABCB1, DNAH9, FIGN, NRP1, TMEM87B, CCSAP, ST6GALNAC5, MYOM2, and RUSC1-AS1 were hypomethylated. We also identified 12 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), related to 12 genes (NWD1, LDHD, CIS, IQCE, TNF, PDE1C, LGALS1, CSNK1E, LRRC23, ENO2, ELOVL2, and ELOVL2-AS1). According to data from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, DNAH9 and TNF are involved in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathway. Correlation analysis between clinical features and DNA methylation profiling indicated that the methylation level of ELOVL2 and ARID1B was positively associated with the age of onset (r = 0.86, adjust P = 0.001) and disease duration (r = 0.83, adjust P = 0.01), respectively.Conclusions:We found aberrant methylation in DMP- and DMR-related genes, implying that many epigenetic alterations, such as the hypomethylation of DNAH9 and TNF, play important roles in ALS etiology. These findings can be helpful for developing new therapeutic interventions.

简介：AbstractObjective:To investigate the risk factors for lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods:A retrospective analysis of 209 patients with PTC who underwent primary surgery at the Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from November 2014 to November 2018 was performed. The patients were divided into the LLNM group and the non-LLNM group. The clinical and pathological characteristics of the patients were analysed. The risk factors for LLNM were analysed by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results:The incidence of LLNM was 13.4% in PTC patients. Univariate analysis showed that the maximum diameter of the primary tumour > 2 cm (P < 0.001), bilateral primary tumour (P= 0.020), extrathyroidal extension (ETE) (P < 0.001), central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) (P < 0.001), and CLNM number ≥ 5 (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with LLNM. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the maximum diameter of the primary tumour > 2 cm, ETE, and CLNM were independent risk factors for LLNM (OR values were 3.880, 5.202, and 4.474, respectively). There were 6 patients with skip lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, accounting for 21% of all LLNM patients.Conclusion:This study revealed several independent risk factors for predicting LLNM in PTC patients, such as the maximum diameter of the primary tumour > 2 cm, ETE and CLNM. Lateral neck dissection may be recommended in PTC patients with those risk factors. Paying attention to the occurrence of skip lateral cervical lymph node metastasis during the clinical diagnosis and treatment processes is necessary.

简介：ＡＮｅｗＫｉｎｄｏｆＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌＭｏｄｅｌ：ＣｏｎｓｔｒａｉｎｅｄＬａｔｅｒａｌＥｘｔｒｕｓｉｏｎｉｎＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＯｒｄｏｓＢａｓｉｎａｎｄＩｔｓＡｄｊａｃｅｎｔＲｅｇｉｏｎｓＬｉｕＳｈａｏｆｅｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｌｏｇｙ，...

简介：Lateralorganizationanddynamicsoflipidsinplasmamembranesarecrucialforseveralcellularprocessessuchassignaltransductionacrossthemembraneandstillremainelusive.Inthispaper,usingcoarse-grainedmoleculardynamicssimulation,wetheoreticallystudythecombinedeffectsofheadgroupchargeandtailunsaturationoflipidsonthelateralorganizationanddiffusionoflipidsinternarylipidbilayers.Inneutralternarylipidbilayerscomposedofsaturatedlipids,unsaturatedlipids,andcholesterols,undertheconditionsofgiventemperatureandcomponents,themainfactorforthephaseseparationistheunsaturationofunsaturatedlipidsandthebilayerscanbeseparatedintoliquid-ordereddomainsenrichedinsaturatedlipidsandcholesterolsandliquid-disordereddomainsenrichedinunsaturatedlipids.Oncetheheadgroupchargeisintroduced,theelectrostaticrepulsionbetweenthenegativelychargedlipidheadgroupswillincreasethedistancebetweenthechargedlipids.Wefindthatthelateralorganizationanddiffusionofthelipidsinthe(partially)chargedternarylipidbilayersaredeterminedbythecompetitionbetweentheheadgroupchargeandtheunsaturationoftheunsaturatedlipids.Inthebilayerscontainingunsaturatedlipidswithlowerunsaturation,theheadgroupchargeplaysacrucialroleinthelateralorganizationanddiffusionoflipids.Theheadgroupchargemaymakethelipiddomainsunstableandevencansuppressphaseseparationofthelipidsinsomesystems.However,inthebilayerscontaininghighlyunsaturatedlipids,thelateralorganizationanddiffusionoflipidsaremainlydominatedbytheunsaturationoftheunsaturatedlipids.Thisworkmayprovidesometheoreticalinsightsintounderstandingtheformationofnanosizeddomainsandlateraldiffusionoflipidsinplasmamembranes.

简介：海水热力学的二个重要非线性的性质连接了到水密度，cabbeling和弹性(压缩的可能性)的变化，被讨论。埃迪散开和移流在密度导致变化；作为结果，系统的重力的势能被改变。因此，cabbeling和弹性玩在侧面的旋涡散开和移流的energetics给角色调音。垂直旋涡散开是处于全球海洋的机械精力平衡的关键元素之一。垂直旋涡散开能概念上被分开成二步：激动人心并且subscale散开。垂直旋涡向上、温暖/轻的激动人心的推冷/稠密水向下流水；因此，重力的势能被增加。在第二步期间，来自不同地方的水群众通过subscale混合散开，和水密度由于cabbeling被增加。使用WOA01气候学并且假定垂直旋涡扩散性等于2慭楲敮瀠慨潥桰瑹獥?有洠牡湩?桲摯灯票整?ㄠ?挠汨牯灯票整?的经常的价值?挠祲瑰灯票整??栠灡潴桰瑹獥?湡?‵汧畡潣桰瑹獥眠牥?敳畱湥散?眠?獵摥愠朠湥?湡污獹獩洠瑥潨?潴愠慮祬敺琠敨倠?朠湥?敳畱湥散?湩愠杬敡愠摮挠湯楦浲琠敨攠楸瑳湥散漠?桴???敧敮椠?桴?牴湡'諛L瑰浯捩猠煥敵据湩?慤慴漠?桒摯灯票慴愠摮传档潲桰瑹吗？

简介：重力的势能(GPE)变化由于horizontal/isopycnal旋涡散开和移流被检验。Horizontal/isopycnal旋涡散开概念上被分开成二步：激动人心并且subscale散开。与这二步联系的GPE变化被分析。另外，GPE变化由于激动人心并且在Eulerian坐标与horizontal/isopycnal移流联系的subscale散开被分析。这些公式为世界海洋被用于SODA数据。我们的分析显示在Eulerian坐标的horizontal/isopycnal移流能在模型介绍大人工的散开。在isopycnal坐标的GPE来源/水池仔细被连接到物理性质分发，这被显示出，例如温度，咸度和速度。与z协调比较，GPE来源/水池由于与isopycnal散开/移流联系的stirring/cabbeling是小得多的。尽管isopycnal坐标可以以处理侧面的散开是一种更好的选择，在传统的Eulerian坐标的移流术语能由于与移流联系的cabbeling生产GPE的人工的来源。减少如此的数字错误仍然是宏大挑战。

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简介：AlateralHelmholtzresonatoraddedtoastandingwavetubewithoutflowhasbeenvalidatedasamethodofnoisereductionforcombustionnoiseradiatedfromcombustionchannelofrocketsorturbines.Butinfactthereisaflowwithlowvelocityinthecombustionchannel.ThereforethetheoreticalanalysiscarriedoutisaimedatsoundfieldofstandingwavetubewithflowandwithlateralHelmholtzresonator.Certainlyarelevantmath-physicalmodelshouldfirstbeformulated.Herethreekeyproblemsneedtobesolved:(1)ToformulatethediscontinuityconditionatthejointbetweenthestandingwavetubeandHelmholtzresonatorinthecaseofflow.(2)TodeterminetheacousticimpedanceofHelmholtzresonator,consideringtheeffectsofflow,viscousandmulti_hole.(3)Toformulatethereflectionconditionattheendofthestandingwavetube.SomeformulasforanalysisofthesoundfieldinthetubewithflowandwithlateralHelmholtzresonatorarededuced.Thesetheoreticalworkshavebeenvalidatedbyexperiments.

简介：摘要目的总结lateral meningocele综合征（lateral meningocele syndrome，LMS）的临床特点及其致病基因。方法回顾性收集2020年5月在温州医科大学附属第二医院新生儿科确诊的1例LMS患儿的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查及基因检测结果等病例资料。以“lateral meningocele综合征”“侧脊膜膨出综合征”“NOTCH3变异”和“lateral meningocele syndrome”“NOTCH3”为检索词分别在中国知网数据库、万方数据库、维普数据库和在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库及PubMed进行文献检索（自建库至2021年2月）。结合本例患儿总结LMS的临床表现、致病机制和遗传学病因。结果本例患儿，男，7日龄，因“生后吃奶差1周”收入院。患儿表现为四肢肌张力低下、吞咽困难、高血压、侧脊膜膨出，伴有特殊面容和隐睾。脊柱MRI及脑干诱发电位均异常。全外显子组测序发现位于染色体19p13.12的NOTCH3基因杂合移码变异c.6667_6686del(p.Ala2223Profs*12)，未检测到父母携带该致病变异。文献检索到相关病例报道12篇（均为英文），包括15个家系共17例患者（其中基因确诊9例），连同本例患儿共18例（基因确诊共10例）。诊断年龄为15 d～55岁，均存在胸腰椎内多个侧脊膜膨出，常见表现为小下颌畸形和低位耳（16/18）、上睑下垂及眼睑下裂（15/18）、肌张力低下（13/18）、高血压（11/18）、发育迟缓（9/18）、混合性或传导性听力损失（9/18）、心血管发育异常（7/18）及男性隐睾（7/10）。共检出9种NOTCH3基因变异，均为杂合变异，其中移码变异6种、无义变异3种。结论LMS的致病原因是NOTCH3基因变异，主要表现为胸腰椎内多个侧脊膜膨出、颅面畸形、高血压、肌张力低下、发育迟缓、喂养困难和隐睾等。

简介：AbstractBackground:Texture features were the intrinsic properties of the human tissues and could efficiently detect the subtle functional changes of involved tissue. The pathologic changes of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) were significantly correlated with the temporomandibular disc displacement. However, the occult functional changes of LPM could not be detected by the naked eye on the medical images. The current study was aimed to evaluate the functional changes of the LPM in the patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) using texture analysis.Methods:Twenty-nine patients with TMD were performed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on a 3.0T MR scanner, who were consecutively recruited from the TMD clinic of Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from February 2019 to September 2019. The patients were classified into three groups according to the disc displacement: disc without displacement (DWoD), disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR). The gray-level co-occurrence matrix method was applied with the texture analysis of LPM on the axial T2-weighted imaging. The texture features included angular second moment, contrast, correlation, inverse different moment, and entropy. One-way analysis of variance was used for grouped comparisons and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the texture parameters.Results:Texture contrast of LPM presented significantly lower in DDWoR (46.30 [35.03, 94.48]) than that in DWoD (123.85 [105.06, 143.23]; test statistic= 23.05; P < 0.001). Texture entropy of LPM showed significant differences among DWoD (7.62 ± 0.33), DDWR (6.76 ± 0.35), and DDWoR (6.46 ± 0.39) (PDWoD-DDWR < 0.001, PDWoD-DDWoR < 0.001, and PDDWR-DDWoR = 0.014). Area under the ROC curve (AUC) demonstrated that texture entropy had an excellent diagnostic accuracy for DWoD-DDWR (AUC = 0.96) and DWoD-DDWoR (AUC = 0.98).Conclusion:The texture contrast and entropy could identify the altered functional status of LPM in patients with TMD and could be considered as the effective imaging biomarker to evaluate the functional changes of LPM in TMD.

简介：AbstractWe reported a case of a 32 years old male presenting with a perforating gunshot injury in craniocerebral region 3 h after the assault. The bullet entered above the right zygomatic arch, travelling through the coronal plane, and exited from the left zygomatic arch. The patient was fully conscious at presentation and developed facial nerve palsy during his hospital stay. Non-contrast CT scan of the head revealed fractures of the right orbit, bilateral maxilla, bilateral pterygoid plates, ethmoid air cells, vomer and left zygoma, and without any cerebral damage. He was treated conservatively and the facial palsy was resolved. The patient survived without any complications. Such case has not been described in the available literature till date.

简介：BasedonthetheoreticalanalysisofastandingwavetubewithflowandlateralHelmholtzresonator,arelevantexperimentalapparatusweresetup,andweresuccessfullyusedtovalidatethetheanalysisabove.Meanwhileanendcorrectionandanequivalentradiuscoefficientcoveredinthetheoreticalanalysiswerealsodeterminedbyexperiments.FurthermoreseveralresultsobtainedfromthetheoreticalanalysisandexperimentswereusedtodiscusstheeffectsofflowontheperformanceofHelmholtzresonatorandthesoundfieldinthestandingwavetube.ItisshownthatusingHelmholtzresonatorforthestandingwavetubewithflowisstillagoodmeasurefornoisereduction,eventhoughtheeffectofnoisereductioncouldbereducedbecauseofflow.

简介：Uptonowthereisnospecificationabouttheallowanceoflateralbreakthrougherrorforsuperlongtunnelfrom20kmto50km.OnthebasisofthedesignofGPSnetworkslocatedoutsideandinsidetunneltraversenetwork,weproposeamethodforcalculatingtheinfluencevaluecausedbycontrolsurveyingerrors.ThroughalotofsimulativecalculationsandcombinationwithpiercingpracticeofsupertunnelsinWanJiazaiProject,Shanxiprovince,wepresentanallowancetableoflateralbreakthrougherrorforsuperlongtunnelsfrom20kmto50km.

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简介：在导致液化的侧面的传播下面的一面码头墙附近的堆积基础的反应仍然是一个复杂问题。这研究介绍饮料桌子测试的结果在上一2????