简介：Ironcatalystnanoparticleswerepreparedonsiliconwafersbyspin-coatingcolloidalsolutionscontainingironnitrate,polyethyleneglycol(PEG)andabsoluteethanol.Theeffectsofvariousspin-coatingconditionswereinvestigated.Thefindingsshowedthatthesizeoftheironparticleswasgovernedbythecompositionofthecolloidalsolutionusedandthatahighangularspeedwasresponsiblefortheformationofathincolloidalfilm.Theeffectofangularaccelerationonthesizeanddistributionoftheironparticleswerefoundtobeinsignificant.Itwasobservedthatalongerspin-coatingdurationprovokedtheagglomerationofironparticles,leadingtotheformationoflargeparticles.Wealsoshowedthatsingle-walledcarbonnanotubescouldbegrownfromthesmallestironcatalystnanoparticlesafterthechemicalvapordepositionofmethane.

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简介：目的验证包载反雄激素受体基因三螺旋形成寡核苷酸（TFO）的聚乙二醇-聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物（PEGPLGA）纳米粒子（TFO—NPs）对前列腺癌细胞的生长抑制作用。方法采用改良自乳化溶剂挥发法制备TFO—NPs并进行体外物化表征。将TFO—NPs、脂质体包载的TFO（TFO—Lip）和裸TFO分别转染体外培养的LNCaP细胞，倒置荧光显微镜观察转染效率，MTT法检测细胞增殖活性，RT—PCR和Westernblot方法检测AR基因表达。结果TFO-NPs平均粒径128nm，载药量为1．02％，包封率为72．28％，在体外具有缓释作用。LNCaP细胞对TFO—NPs和TFO-Lip的摄取率显著高于裸TFO。TFO—NPs和TFO—Lip对LNCaP细胞的抑制率分别为（54．5％±6．2％）和（50．6％±6．1％）显著高于裸TFO，（7．8％±0．8％）（均P〈0．05）。TFO—NPs和TFO—Lip处理组LNCaP细胞的雄激素受体表达水平显著低于裸TFO处理组。TFO—NPs和TFO—Lip处理组的转染效率、细胞抑制率和雄激素受体表达水平差异均无显著性。结论成功制备了TFO—NPs，为反基因治疗前列腺癌的研究提供了有效基因载体。

简介：目的探讨PEG10基因对Wnt／β-catenin信号通路的影响在人肝癌发病机制中的作用，为肝癌的基因治疗提供新思路。方法应用脂质体转染技术将靶向PEG10的短发夹状RNA（shorthairpinRNA，shRNA）转染HepG2胞，利用半定量RT-PCR分别检测PEG10、β-catenin和Wnt1基因mRNA表达水平；同时应用MTT比色试验检测HepG2细胞增殖。结果转染PEG10-shRNA后HepG2细胞PEG10-mRNA水平下降65．6％，同时，β—catenin（CTNNB1）、Wnt1基因mRNA水平随之分别下降52．5％、96．1％。靶向封闭PEG10基因的表达明显抑制HepG2细胞增殖。结论靶向封闭PEG10可明显下调肝癌细胞Wnt／β-catenin信号通路关键因子D．catenin（CTNNB1）、Wnt1mRNA表达水平，PEG10基因对肝癌的促进作用可能与激活Wnt／β-catenin信号通路有关。PEG10具有促进HepG2细胞增殖作用。

简介：摘要目的对经皮内镜下胃造瘘术(PEG)实施EN在ICU危重症患者中的临床应用及效果进行研究和判定。方法我院采取回顾性分析，对2012年3月至2013年5月收治的60例ICU危重症患者进行分析，对照组31例危重症患者采取鼻胃管饲进行治疗，其观察组29例患者予以PEG术进行治疗，并观察两组患者的血清生化指标、住院时间及并发症概率。结果观察组患者的血清生化指标、住院时间及并发症概率均优于对照组，P＜0.05。结论经皮内镜下胃造瘘术(PEG)实施EN在ICU危重症患者中的临床应用及效果显著，值得在临床上推广。

简介：AbstractBackground:The efficacy of entecavir (ETV) add-on peg-interferon therapy compared with ETV monotherapy in treatment-naïve hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients remains controversial. We investigated whether adding peg-interferon to ongoing ETV treatment leads to a better curative effect or not.Methods:All patients have been recruited between August 2013 and January 2015 from the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Zhongshan Hospital (China). Eligible HBV patients (n = 144) were randomly divided (1:1) to receive either ETV monotherapy (n = 70) or peg-interferon add-on therapy from week 26 to 52 (n = 74). Patients were followed-up for at least 2 years. Indexes including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rate, sustained virologic response, transient elastography value, and histological scores were evaluated every 3 months until the end of the study. The rate of patients with HBsAg loss was defined as the primary endpoint criteria.Results:At week 26, no patient achieved HBsAg seroconversion in either group. At week 52, one patient in the monotherapy group was HBsAg-negative but there was none in the combination therapy group. The monotherapy group showed significantly better liver function recovery results than the combination therapy group. At week 78, one patient in the combination group had HBsAg seroconverted. At week 104, only three patients in the combination therapy group were HBsAg-negative compared with one patient in monotherapy. The mean alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels and transient elastography values decreased significantly compared with baseline. Both groups showed a favorable decrease in alpha-fetoprotein (monotherapy: 4.5 [2.8, 7.1] vs. 2.2 [1.8, 3.1] ng/mL, P < 0.001; combination therapy: 5.7 [3.0, 18.8] vs. 3.2 [2.0, 4.3] ng/mL, P < 0.001) and an improved result of liver biopsy examination scores. The combination group showed a better improvement in histology compared with the monotherapy group (mean transient elastography value 6.6 [4.9, 9.8] vs. 7.8 [5.4, 11.1] kPa, P = 0.028). But there was no significant difference in HBsAg conversion rate (1.8% [1/56] vs. 4.1% [3/73], P = 0.809) and HBeAg conversion rate (12.5% [7/56] vs. 11.0% [8/73], P = 0.787), as well as HBV-DNA, sustained virologic response (93.2% vs. 98.5%, P = 0.150) between the two groups.Conclusions:Both therapies supported liver function recovery and histology improvement. Combination therapy did not show better anti-viral efficacy in HBsAg or HBeAg seroconversion compared with monotherapy. However, combination therapy played a more positive role in reversing hepatic fibrosis compared with monotherapy.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02849132; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02849132

简介：摘要目的观察放射性核素177Lu标记的叶酸-二乙烯三胺五乙酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸共聚物(177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA)纳米粒子的体内靶向分布，评价腹腔灌注纳米粒子治疗小鼠卵巢癌腹膜转移瘤及腹水疗效。方法制备177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA纳米粒子，向人卵巢癌移植瘤荷瘤小鼠尾静脉注射纳米粒子后4、24、72 h和7 d，行微型单光子发射计算机断层显像仪(micro-SPECT/CT)显像，观察纳米粒子体内分布情况。将12只人卵巢癌腹腔转移瘤裸鼠模型按随机抽签法分为阴性对照组(生理盐水)、化疗组(顺铂3 mg/kg，2次/周)和粒子组(177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA粒子18.5 MBq)，每组4只，腹腔灌注给药。7 d后行活体荧光成像评价腹腔肿瘤生长情况，计算相对抑瘤率，TUNEL法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡率，免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤Ki67增殖活性，比较治疗后各组腹水体积。结果micro-SPECT/CT显像显示，移植瘤放射性浓聚，24 h肿瘤肌肉摄取比值(T/M)最高，为2.81±0.49。活体荧光成像显示，腹腔给药治疗后，粒子组、化疗组和阴性对照组的腹腔肿瘤荧光强度分别为(1.45±0.19)×1010、(2.21±0.36)×1010和(2.63±0.79)×1010，差异有统计学意义(F＝6.09，P＝0.029)；粒子组和化疗组的相对肿瘤抑制率(TGI)分别为35.6%和18.6%。粒子组和化疗组的肿瘤细胞凋亡率(AI)均高于阴性对照组(F＝9.96，P＝0.009)，粒子组和化疗组的Ki67指数均低于阴性对照组(F＝9.93，P＝0.013)，粒子组和化疗组腹水体积均小于阴性对照组(F＝13.43，P＝0.006)。结论177Lu-FA-DOTA-PEG-PLGA纳米粒子可行小鼠卵巢癌靶向显像，腹腔灌注后局部滞留和降解吸收，抑制卵巢癌腹膜转移瘤和腹水生长，为晚期卵巢癌伴腹膜转移患者诊疗提供新思路。

简介：摘要目的制备针对纤维连接蛋白亚型胞外结构域B(EDB－FN)的特异性分子探针18F－AlF－1，4，7－三氮杂环壬烷－1，4，7－三乙酸－(聚乙二醇)4－ZD2(18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2)，并进行体内外理化性质评价。方法通过Al18F一步螯合标记的方法制备18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2，通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定其放化纯和体外稳定性，测定脂水分配系数(logP)，并行细胞摄取实验[将三阴性乳腺癌MDA－MB－231细胞(1×106/管)分为3组(各3管)，分别为阳性组、抑制组和控制对照组]。取MDA－MB－231荷瘤裸鼠(n＝3；实验组)行18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2 microPET显像(30、60、90和120 min)，并与阻断组(n＝3；注射NOTA－PEG4－ZD2后0.5 h再注射18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2)进行对照。采用两独立样本t检验分析数据。结果成功制备18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2，优化后的放化产率为(33.8±2.1)%(未行衰变校正，n＝8)，放化纯>96%；37 ℃放置120 min，18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2在人血清和PBS中的放化纯均>93%，体外稳定性好；产物比活度为(11.1±3.2) GBq/μmol；logP为－1.43±0.05。注射18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2后120 min，阳性组肿瘤细胞摄取为(1.77±0.28)百分加样活度(%AR)/106个细胞，抑制组细胞摄取为(0.76±0.07)%AR/106个细胞(t＝4.30，P＝0.032)。荷瘤裸鼠microPET显像示，18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2主要经肝肾代谢，注射后60 min实验组肿瘤摄取为(1.94±0.21)每克组织百分注射剂量率(%ID/g)，注射后90 min肿瘤/肌肉比值为3.80±0.25；阻断组注射后60 min肿瘤摄取为(0.43±0.09) %ID/g(t＝3.18，P＝0.006)。结论18F－AlF－NOTA－PEG4－ZD2制备简单、标记率高、体外稳定性好，microPET显像肿瘤摄取和靶本比高，特异性良好，有较长的肿瘤滞留时间，在EDB－FN高表达的三阴性乳腺癌中具有良好的应用前景。

简介：摘要目的分析PEG纳米脂质体包裹的miRNA分子对结直肠癌干细胞生长的影响及其可能存在的机制。方法流式细胞学分选CD44和CD133标记的HCT116细胞，PEG纳米脂质体包裹的miR-425脂质体转染分选的细胞，检测细胞自我更新、增殖和迁移侵袭能力变化。结果（1）miR-425过表达抑制结直肠癌干细胞的自我更新；miR-425过表达抑制结直肠癌干细胞的增殖和迁移侵袭能力（P＜0.05）。（2）PDL1是miR425的直接靶基因，miR425通过降低PDL1的表达抑制结直肠癌细胞生长（P＜0.05）。结论PEG纳米脂质体包裹的miR-425通过抑制PDL1表达抑制结直肠癌干细胞生长，为寻找治疗结直肠癌的提供了新方法。

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