简介：结肠的静脉曲张是更低的胃肠的流血的一个很稀罕的原因。少数在英语文学比自发的结肠的静脉曲张(ICV)的结肠的静脉曲张，和30个案例的100个案例被报导了。在ICV的这30个案例之中，19个案例被血管造影术诊断，并且7个操作案例以后作为回盲肠静脉赤字被诊断，缝血管瘤，并且在1自发，1，5个案例分别地。我们报导受不了在11年岁时改变学位的便血的多重事件的一个24岁的人的案例。他与21g/L的血红素有严重贫血症。在结肠镜检查上，曲折地扩大了特别在书籍的右页sigmoid区域被黑暗坏死的纸巾盖住的粘膜下层静脉和脆的溃疡从直肠被看见直到远侧的下降结肠。它开始看起来是有静脉曲张的癌。肠系膜angiographic学习建议了一个结肠的缝血管瘤。低前面的切除术由于难处理的医学上和周期性的便血被做。另外的肠和mes伤寒脉管的结构显得正常。没有代表新容器生长，显微镜检查在整个粘膜下层和浆膜与扩大静脉揭示了正常结肠的粘膜。一起这些调查结果拿所有，病人作为ICV被诊断。他的手术后的功课是平静的。

简介：Microarraydataareoftenextremelyasymmetricindimensionality,suchasthousandsoreventensofthousandsofgenesbutonlyafewhundredsofsamplesorless.Suchextremeasymmetrybetweenthedimensionalityofgenesandsamplescanleadtoinaccuratediagnosisofdiseaseinclinic.Therefore,ithasbeenshownthatselectingasmallsetofmarkergenescanleadtoimprovedclassificationaccuracy.Inthispaper,asimplemodifiedantcolonyoptimization(ACO)algorithmisproposedtoselecttumor-relatedmarkergenes,andsupportvectormachine(SVM)isusedasclassifiertoevaluatetheperformanceoftheextractedgenesubset.Experimentalresultsonseveralbenchmarktumormicroarraydatasetsshowedthattheproposedapproachproducesbetterrecognitionwithfewermarkergenesthanmanyothermethods.IthasbeendemonstratedthatthemodifiedACOisausefultoolforselectingmarkergenesandmininghighdimensiondata.

简介：Ourpreviousstudiesshowedapredominanceofhighmolecularweightproteingroupintumornuclearmatrices.Contrarytonormalcells,proteinsofthisgrouparepreferentiallyphosphorylated.Phosphoproteinsofhepatomanuclearmatrixareselectivelysubjectedtorapidproteolysis.Byalkalitreatmentandamonoclonalantibodyagainstphosphotyrosylresiduethepresenceoftwohighmolecularweightbandsofphosphotyrosyl-containingproteinswasdetectedinnuclearmatricesoftumorbutnotofnormallivercells.Highmolecularweightproteingroupoftumornuclearmatricesrevealedalsoarapidturnoverandpreferentialincorporationoflabeledaminoacidsselectivelyinhibitedbychloramphenicol.

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简介：AIM:Todescribeanewclassificationmethodofrighthepatectomyaccordingtothedifferentspecialpositionsoftumors.METHODS:Accordingtopositions,91patientswithmalignanthepatictumorintherightliverlobeweredividedintosixgroups:tumorsintherightposteriorlobeand(or)therightcaudatelobecompressingtherightportalhilum(n=14,15.4%),tumorsintherightliverlobecompressingtheinferiorvenacavaand(or)hepaticveins(n=11,12.9%),tumorsinfiltratingdiaphragmaticmuscle(n=7,7.7%),tumorsinthehepatorenalrecess(infiltratingtherightfattyrenalcapsule,transversecolonandrightadrenalgland,n=8,8.8%),tumorsdeeplylocatednearthevertebralbody(n=3,3.3%),tumorsatothersitesintherightliverlobe(thecontrolgroup,n=48,52.75%).Thevaluesofintraoperativebloodloss(IBL),tumor'smaximcross-sectionarea(TMCSA),andtimeofhepatichilumclamping(THHC)andincidenceofpostoperativecomplicationswerecomparedbetweenfivegroupsoftumorandcontrolgroup,respectively.RESULTS:TheTHHCingroups1-4wassignificantlylongerthanthatinthecontrolgroup,theIBLingroups1-4wassignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrolgroup,theTMCSAingroups2-4wassignificantlylargerthanthatinthecontrolgroup,andtheratioofIBL/TMCSAingroup1wassignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrolgroup.Therewasnosignificantdifferenceintheindexesbetweengroup5andthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:ThesiteoftumoristhekeyfactorthatdeterminesIBL.

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简介：Objective:Totesttheeffectsofsalidrosideonformationandgrowthofgliomatogetherwithtumormicroenvironment.Methods:SalidrosideextractedfromRhodiolaroseawaspurifiedandtreatedonhumangliomacellsU251attheconcentrationof20μg/mL.3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dephenyltetrazoliumbromide(MTT)assayforcytotoxicityandflowcytometry(FCM)forcellcycleanalysiswereperformed.Thenforinvivostudy,xenotransplantationtumormodelinnudemicewasgeneratedandtreatedwithsalidrosideattheconcentrationof50mg/kg.dfortotally20d.Bodyweightandtumorsizeweredetectedevery2dafterthetreatment.Thelevelsof8-isoprostane,superoxidedismutase(SOD)andmalondialdehyde(MDA),specialmarkersforoxidativestress,weredetectedwhileimmunofluoresencestainingwasperformedforastrocytedetection.Results:Forinvitrostudy,salidrosidecoulddecreasetheviabilityofhumangliomacellsU251andthegrowthofU251cellsatG0/G1checkpointduringthecellcycle.Forinvivostudy,salidrosidecouldalsoinhibitthegrowthofhumangliomatissueinnudemice.Thebodyweightofthesenudemicetreatedwithsalidrosidedidnotdecreaseasquicklyascontrolgroup.Inthetumorxenotransplantationnudemicemodel,micewerefoundofinhibitionofoxidativestressbydetectionofbiomarkers.Furthermore,overgrowthofastrocytesduetothestimulationofoxidativestressinthecortexofbrainwasinhibitedafterthetreatmentofsalidroside.Conclusions:Salidrosidecouldinhibittheformationandgrowthofgliomabothinvivoandinvitroandimprovethetumormicroenvironmentviainhibitionofoxidativestressandastrocytes.

简介：AbstractBackground:Applying ultrasonic imaging system during surgery requires the poring of saline, performing the measurement, and acquiring data from its display—which requires time and is highly "performer dependent," i.e., the measure is of a subjective nature. A new ultrasonic device was recently developed that overcomes most of these drawbacks and was successfully applied during tumor-in-brain neurosurgeries. The purpose of this study was to compare the two types of US devices and demonstrate their properties.Methods:The study was performed in the following stages: (i) an ex vivo experiment, where slices of the muscle and brain of a young porcine were laid one on top the other. Thicknesses and border depths were measured and compared, using the two types of US instruments. (ii) During human clinical neurosurgeries, tumor depth was compared by measuring it with both devices. (iii) Following the success of stages (i) and (ii), using solely the new US device, the tumor thickness was monitored while its resection. Correlation, Pearson’s coefficient, average, mean, and standard deviation were applied for statistical tests.Results:A high correlation was obtained for the distances of tissue borders and for their respective thicknesses. Applying these ultrasonic devices during neurosurgeries, tumor depths were monitored with high similarity (87%), which was also obtained by Pearson’s correlation coefficient (0.44). The new US device, thanks to its small footprint, its remote measurement, and the capability of monitoring intraoperatively and in real-time, provides the approach to tumor’s border before its complete resection.Conclusions:The new US device provides better accuracy than an ultrasonic imaging system; its data is objective; it enables to control the residual tumor thickness during its resection, and it is especially useful in restricted areas. These features were found of great help during a tumor-in-brain surgery and especially in the final stages of tumor’s resection.

简介：为了在肿瘤房间上调查在敏感之间的关联到船边交货ligand(FasL)和圈套受体3的表示水平(DcR3)，出现，Fas/DcR3mRNA表示被RT-PCR检测。Anti-DcR3mAb被用来由流动cytometry在肿瘤房间的表面上检测DcR3的表示水平。Caspase-8，caspase-9，caspase-3，Bcl-2expressions被西方的污点分别地分析。到FasL导致的apoptosis的敏感被AnnexinVapoptosis工具包决定。从高度的肿瘤房间到的表面上的DcR3的表情低在BGC823房间是约35.3%，并且21.6%在MCF-7房间分别地。apoptotic率由FasL导致了从对低高在BGC823房间是15.6%，并且58.2%在MCF-7房间分别地。在有导致FasLapoptosis的DcR3的表示层次之间有重要关联。

简介：Toobservetheprocessofinvasion,retinaofratwasusedasamodeltosubstitutetheinnerlimitingmembraneofretinaforthebasementmembrane.RetinainvadedbyesophagealcarcinomacellsandB16melanomacellsupontheinnerlimitingmembranewasstudiedbyscanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.Theresultsshowedthattheinnerlimitingmembranewasdestroyedbybothkindsoftumorcells.Theprocessofdestructionwasfollowedbyaseriesoftransformationsintheinnerlimitingmembrane,i.e.folding,swelling,thickening,andgranularchange.Theinnerlimitingmembranewasdissolvedfocallyasaresultoftransformation,andthentumorcellsinvadedtheretinathroughthesedissolvedregions.Itseemsthat,asabarrier,theinnerlimitingmembraneplaysasimilarroleasthebasementmembrane.

简介：Ampullaryadenomaisacommonindicationforendoscopicpapillectomy.Ampullaryneuroendocrinetumor(NET)isararediseaseforwhichcompletesurgicalresectionisthetreatmentofchoice.However,becauseofthemorbidityandmortalityassociatedwithsurgicalresection,endoscopicpapillectomyisincreasinglyusedinselectedcasesoflowgrade,withnometastasisandnoinvasionofthepancreaticorbileduct.Also,confirmedandcompleteendoscopicresectionofampullaryNETaccompaniedbyadenomahasnotbeenreportedtodate.WereporthereinararecaseofanampullaryNETaccompaniedwithadenoma,whichwassuccessfullyandcompletelyresectedviaendoscopicpapillectomy.Priortopapillectomy,thiscasewasdiagnosedasanampullaryadenoma.

简介：AIM:NitrativeandoxidativeDNAdamagesuchas8-nitroguanineand8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-oxodG)formationhasbeenimplicatedininitiationand/orpromotionofinflammation-mediatedcarcinogenesis.TheaimofthisstudyistoclarifywhethertheseDNAlesionsparticipateintheprogressionofintrahepaticcholangiocarcinoma.METHODS:Weinvestigatedtherelationoftheformationof8-nitroguanineand8-oxodGandtheexpressionofhypoxia-induciblefactor-1α(HIF-1α)withtumorinvasionin37patientswithintra-hepaticcholangiocarcinoma.RESULTS:Immunohistochemicalanalysesrevealedthat8-nitroguanineand8-oxodGformationoccurredtoamuchgreaterextentincanceroustissuesthaninnon-canceroustissues.HIF-1αcouldbedetectedincanceroustissuesinallpatients,suggestinglowoxygentensioninthetumors.HIF-1αexpressionwascorrelatedwithinduciblenitricoxidesynthase(iNOS)expression(r=0.369andP=0.025)and8-oxodGformation(r=0.398andP=0.015).DoubleimmunofluorescencestudyrevealedthatiNOSandHIF-1αco-localizedincanceroustissues.Notably,theformationof8-oxodGwascorrelatedsignificantlywithlymphaticinvasion(r=0.386andP=0.018).Moreover,8-nitroguanineand8-oxodGinnon-canceroustissueswereassociatedsignificantlywithneuralinvasion(P=0.042andP=0.026,respectively).TheseresultssuggestthatreciprocalactivationbetweenHIF-1αandiNOSmediatespersistentDNAdamage,whichinducestumorinvasivenessviamutations,resultinginpoorprognosis.CONCLUSION:Theformationof8-nitroguanineand8-oxodGplaysanimportantroleinmultiplestepsofgeneticchangesleadingtotumorprogression,includinginvasiveness.

简介：ＡＰＯＰＴＯＳＩＳＯＦＴＵＭＯＲＣＥＬＬＳＩＮＬＥＣＴＩＮ－ＤＥＰＥＮＤＥＮＴＬＹＭＰＨＯＫＩＮＥ－ＡＣＴＩＶＡＴＥＤＫＩＬＬＥＲＣＥＬＬＭＥＤＩＡＴＥＤＣＹＴＯＴＯＸＩＣＩＴＹＤｏｎｇＨａｉｄｏｎｇ董海东；ＸｉｎｇＲｏｎｇ邢嵘；ＧｕｏＬｉａｎｙｉｎ...

简介：AbstractNeuropilins (NRP1 and NRP2) are multifunctional receptor proteins that are involved in nerve, blood vessel, and tumor development. NRP1 was first found to be expressed in neurons, but subsequent studies have demonstrated its surface expression in cells from the endothelium and lymph nodes. NRP1 has been demonstrated to be involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of cancers. NRP1 interacts with various cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor family and its receptor and transforming growth factor β1 and its receptor, to affect tumor angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, and migration. In addition, NRP1+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an inhibitory role in tumor immunity. High numbers of NRP1+ Tregs were associated with cancer prognosis. Targeting NRP1 has shown promise, and antagonists against NRP1 have had therapeutic efficacy in preliminary clinical studies. NRP1 treatment modalities using nanomaterials, targeted drugs, oncolytic viruses, and radio-chemotherapy have gradually been developed. Hence, we reviewed the use of NRP1 in the context of tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment.

简介：Dendriticcells(DCs)arerecognizedasthemostpotentantigen-presentingcells(APCs)withtheabilitytostimulatena(i)verestingTcellsandinitiateprimaryimmuneresponses.DCsarepoisedtocaptureantigen(Ag),migratetodraininglymphoidorgans,and,afteraprocessofmaturation,selectAg-specificlymphocytestowhichtheypresenttheprocessedAg,therebyinducingimmuneresponses.NumerousstudiesindicatedthatimmunotherapiesutilizingDC-presentingtumor-associatedantigenscansafelybeadministeredtocancerpatientsandinducesignificantimmunologicandclinicalresponses.Moreover,ithasbeendemonstratedthatDCsarerelatedtoclinicalstage,invasion,metastasisandprognosisofgastriccancer.DC-basedtumorvaccinesbecomeaneweffectiveimmunoadjuvanttherapyforgastriccancer.Cellular&MolecularImmunology.2004;1(5):351-356.

简介：Inrecentyears,furtherunderstandingoftheinteractionbetweentheimmunesystemandtumorgrowthhasledtothedevelopmentofseveralimmunotherapies.Theseimmunotherapiesincludecancervaccinesandimmunecheckpointinhibitorsthathavebeentestedinvarioussolidtumors,includingthosetraditionallyconsiderednon-immunogenic,suchasnon-smallcelllung