简介：CpGoligodeoxynucleotides(CpGODN)asadjuvanthavebeenextensivelystudiedinrecentyears.PhosphodiesterCpGODN(POCpGODN)canperfectlymimicbacterialDNAinenhancingimmuneresponsebutarevulnerabletonucleasesinvivo.ThisstudyaimedtoevaluatetheimmunostimulatorypotentialandsafetyofphosphodiesterCpGODNencapsulatedinnonphospholipidliposomes.BALB/cmicewereimmunizedintramuscularlywithdifferentformulationsofliposomes,CpGODNandhepatitisBsurfaceantigen(HBsAg).TheresultsdemonstratedthattheencapsulatedPOCpGODNwereprotectedagainstrapiddegradationinvivoandretainedtheiradjuvantactivity.POCpGODNencapsulatedwithHBsAginliposomesinducedstrongTh1-biasedorTh1/Th2mixedhumoralimmuneresponseinmicewiththemagnitudesimilartotheirphosphothioateequivalentinthesameformulation.HighIFN-gammaproductioninducedbythisformulationconfirmedthegenerationofstrongcellularimmuneresponse.Additionally,co-deliveryofHBsAgandPOCpGODNimprovedtheimmuneresponseoverthatobtainedwithseparatedelivery.Safetyexperimentshowedthatliposome-encapsulaedPOCpGODNandHBsAgcausedmildsystemicandmoderatelocaladversereaction.Inconclusion,ourdatashowsthatPOCpGODNencapsulatedinliposomesfullyexhibittheirTh1-typeadjuvantactivityandactasapotentialadjuvantforvaccines.

简介：Objective:Ourgrouphaspreviouslyobservedthatinpatientswithsmall-celllungcancers(SCLCs),theexpressionofatumorantigen,gliomabigpotassium(gBK)ionchannel,ishigheratthetimeofdeaththanwhenthecancerisfirsttreatedbysurgicalresection.Thisstudyaimedtodeterminewhetherthisdichotomywascommoninotherpotentiallungtumorantigensbyexaminingthesamepatientsamplesusingourmoreextensiveprofileanalysisoftumor-antigenprecursorprotein(TAPP).WethentestedthehypothesisthattherapeuticinterventionmayinadvertentlycausethisincreasedgBKproduction.Methods:SCLCsamples(eightsurgicalresectionsandthreeautopsysamples)andthreecontrollungswereexaminedbyquantitativereal-timepolymerasechainreactionfor42potentialTAPPsthatrepresentpotentialT-cell-mediatedimmunologicaltargets.Results:Twenty-twoTAPPmRNAsdisplayedthesameprofileasgBK,i.e.,moremRNAswereexpressedatautopsythanintheirsurgicalcounterparts.B-cyclinandmousedoubleminute2,humanhomologofP53-bindingproteinwereelevatedinbothautopsyandsurgicalspecimensabovethenormal-lungcontrols.WhenHTB119cellswereincubatedwithdoxorubicin,gBKwasstronglyinduced,asconfirmedbyintracellularflowcytometrywithagBK-specificantibody.Conclusion:Ourfindingssuggestedthatmoreimmunologicaltargetsbecameavailableasthetumorrespondedtochemotherapyandproceededtowarditsterminalstages.

简介：摘要目的探讨乙型肝炎患者血清前S1抗原、e抗原的检测的临床应用。方法采用ELISA法检测113例HBV-DNA阳性乙型肝炎患者血清前S1抗原、e抗原的。结果前S1抗原与HBV-DNA的符合率为69.91%，e抗原与HBV-DNA的符合率为66.37%，前S1抗原与e抗原的合计阳性率为75.22%。结论前S1抗原、e抗原单独用于评价HBV在体内复制具有一定的局限性，联合使用检出率较高。

简介：摘要目的研讨乙肝前S1抗原(PreS1-Ag)、e抗原（HBeAg）与其DNA的检出关系。方法对684例慢性乙肝患者的PreS1-Ag用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测,HBeAg用化学发光检测，乙肝DNA(HBV-DNA)用实时荧光定量聚合酶链(PCR)法检测。结果HBV-DNA阳性患者中，PreS1-Ag阳性率为82.98％，而HBeAg阳性率为36.17％；在PreS1-Ag阳性患者中，HBV-DNA阳性为95.4％，而HBeAg阳性患者中,HBV-DNA阳性率为45.9％。结论PreS1-Ag、HBeAg和HBV-DNA之间具有一定的相关性，进行联合检测能准确地反应出病毒的复制情况，为临床诊断和治疗提供新的依据。

简介：摘要目的了解乙肝表面抗原阳性与前S1抗原结果的相关性。为是否在临床开展前S1抗原提供依据。方法乙肝表面抗原采用北京万泰ELISA法试剂盒，乙肝病毒前S1抗原采用厦门新创ELISA法试剂盒。乙肝病毒表面抗原阳性为90例。肝功异常20例，占22.2%。乙肝病毒前S1抗原阳性为76例肝功异常16例，占21%。无统计学意义。结论在临床开展乙肝病毒前S1抗原有待进一步验证。

简介：摘要目的分析乙肝表面抗原阳性与前S1抗原的关系，评价前S1抗原在临床诊断中的意义。方法用酶联免疫吸咐试验法检测180例乙肝表面抗原阳性血清标本的前S1抗原和乙肝血清标志物,并用核酸扩增荧光定量方法检测HBV-DNA,并对三者结果进行对比分析。结果180例乙肝表面抗原阳性血清标本中前S1抗原和HBV-DNA阳性检出率分别为66.23%和67.86%，两者差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；其中乙肝表面抗原乙肝e抗原均为阳性标本的前S1抗原和HBV-DNA阳性检出率分别为94.33%和95.48%，乙肝表面抗原阳性而乙肝e抗原阴性的标本中前S1抗原和HBV-DNA阳性检出率分别为26.35%和24.87%，两组差异明显有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论前S1抗原、乙肝e抗原和HBV-DNA存在相关性，前S1抗原与HBV-DNA检出率非常相近且前S1抗原较乙肝e抗原敏感性更高，其能够作为乙肝病毒感染和复制的指标。

简介：摘要探讨电化学发光法测定总前列腺特异抗原(TPSA)以及游离前列腺特异抗原（fPSA)在诊断前列腺疾病中的准确性及其意义。

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简介：AIM:Toconstructanon-resistantandattenuatedSalmonellatyphimurium(S.typhimurium)strainwhichexpressesconservativeregionofadhesionABofHelicobacterpylori(Hpylon)andevaluateitsimmunogenicity.METHODS:TheABgeneamplifiedbyPCRwasinsertedintotheexpressionvectorpYA248containingasdgeneandthroughtwotransformationsintroducedintothedeltaCya1deltaCrp1deltaAsdattenuatedSalmonellatyphimuriumstrain,constructingbalancedlethalattenuatedSalmonellatyphimuriumstrainsX4072(pYA248-AB).BridgedELISAmethodwasusedtomeasuretheexpressionofABantigeninsonicateandculturesupematant.AccordingtothemethoddescribedbyMeacock,stabilityoftherecombinantwasevaluated.Semi-lethalcapacitytestwasusedtoevaluatethesafetyofrecombinant.Theimmunogenicityofrecombinantwasevaluatedwithanimalexperiments.RESULTS:TheattenuatedS.typhimuriumX4072(pYA248-AB)whichexpressesABwassuccessfullyconstructed.Furthermore,bridgedELISAassayshowedthatthecontentofABinrecombinantX4072(pYA248-AB)culturesupematantwashigherthanthatwasinthalluslyticliquor.AndafterrecombinantX4072(pYA248-AB)wasculturedfor100generationswithoutselectionpressure,bheentirerecombinantbacteriaselectedrandomlycouldgrow,andtheABantigenwasdefectedpositivebyELISA.ThegrowthcurveoftherecombinantbacteriashowedthatthegrowthstatesofX4072(pYA248)andX4072(pYA248-AB)werebasicallyconsistent.ThesurvivalrateofC57BL/6wasstill100%,at30daftermicetakingX4072(pYA248-AB)1.0×l0^10cfuorally.OralimmunizationofmicewithX4072(pYA248-AB)inducedaspecificimmuneresponse.CONCLUSION:Invitrorecombinantplasmidappearstobestableandexperimentsonanimalsshowedthattherecombinantstrainsweresafeandimmunogenicinvitro,whichprovidinganewliveoralvaccinecandidateforprotectionandcareofHpyloriinfection.

简介：环孢菌素A(CsA)与光敏交联剂4苯甲酰苯甲酸(BBa)溶于丙酮,在紫外光照下,通过光化学反应在CsA残基侧链上引入活泼的羧基。纯化后的CsABBa共轭物在水溶性碳二亚胺偶联剂的作用下与聚L赖氨酸载体发生偶联,获得免疫抗原。该方法更完整的保留了CsA的特征结构。选用具有更大氨基密度和较低免疫原性的聚L赖氨酸作载体,所得偶联效率更高,平均分子量为40000的PL载体上偶联131-174个CsA分子。

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简介：Duffy抗原,是Cutbush在1950年发现一名叫Duffy的输血后产生了溶血反应患者,在该患者血浆中发现了抗Fya抗体,之后确认了Fya抗原的存在。到1993年,确认了Fy基因的位点。1991年Daybomme等证实了Duffy抗原是红细胞膜上CC家族和CXC家族趋化因子的杂项趋化因子的受体,是红细胞上的趋化因子受体,也称为达菲抗原/趋化因子受体（Duffy.Antigen/ReceptorforChemokines,DARC）2010年,国际输血协会（ISBT）确认了Duffy血型系统有5个抗原，命名为Fy1，Fy2，Fy3，Fy5，Fy6（传统名：Fya，Fyb，Fy3，Fy5，Fy6）。

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简介：AbstractBackground:Hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is a promising disease-monitoring marker for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We investigated correlations between HBcrAg with antiviral efficacy and virological and histological variables.Methods:One hundred and forty-five CHB patients from the mainland of China between August 2013 and September 2016 who underwent liver biopsy received entecavir therapy and had paired liver biopsy at 78 weeks. We analyzed correlations between HBcrAg and virological and histological variables in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative patients. We also explored the predictors of HBeAg loss after 78 weeks of antiviral therapy. Pearson correlation analysis and logistic forward stepwise regression were the main statistic methods.Results:HBeAg-positive patients (n = 93) had higher baseline HBcrAg (median 7.4 vs. 5.3 log10 U/mL P < 0.001) and greater HBcrAg declines (median 1.6 vs. 0.9 log10 U/mL P= 0.007) than HBeAg-negative patients after 78 weeks of therapy. At baseline, HBcrAg correlated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in both HBeAg-positive (r = 0.641, P < 0.001) and -negative patients (r = 0.616, P < 0.001), with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in HBeAg-positive patients (r = 0.495, P < 0.001), but not with anti-hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBc). Weak correlations existed between HBcrAg, histology activity index (HAI; r = 0.232, P= 0.025), and Ishak fibrosis score (r= -0.292, P= 0.005) in HBeAg-positive patients. At 78 weeks, significant correlations existed only between HBcrAg and anti-HBc in HBeAg-positive (r = -0.263, P = 0.014) and HBeAg-negative patients (r= -0.291, P= 0.045). Decreased HBcrAg significantly correlated with reduced HBV DNA (r= 0.366, P= 0.001; r= 0.626, P < 0.001) and HBsAg (r = 0.526, P = 0.001; r = 0.289, P = 0.044) in HBeAg-positive and -negative patients, respectively, and with reduced HAI in HBeAg-positive patients (r = 0.329, P = 0.001). Patients with HBeAg loss (n = 29) showed a larger reduction in HBcrAg than those without (median 2.3 vs. 1.3 log10 U/mL, P = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, decreased HBcrAg was an independent predictor of HBeAg loss (P = 0.005).Conclusions:HBcrAg reflects viral replication and protein production. Decreased HBcrAg could predict HBeAg loss after antiviral therapy.Trial registration:Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01962155; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01962155?term=NCT01962155&draw=2&rank=1

简介：AbstractCD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is effective in refractory/relapsed (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This review focuses on achievements, current obstacles, and future directions in CAR-T research. A high complete remission rate of 68% to 93% could be achieved after anti-CD19 CAR-T treatment for B-ALL. Cytokine release syndrome and CAR-T-related neurotoxicity could be managed. In view of difficulties collecting autologous lymphocytes, universal CAR-T is a direction to explore. Regarding the high relapse rate after anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy, the main solutions have been developing new targets including CD22 CAR-T, or CD19/CD22 dual CAR-T. Additionally, some studies showed that bridging into transplant post-CAR-T could improve leukemia-free survival. Some patients who did not respond to CAR-T therapy were found to have an abnormal conformation of the CD19 exon or trogocytosis. Anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy for R/R B-ALL is effective. From individual to universal CAR-T, from one target to multi-targets, CAR-T-cell has a chance to be off the shelf in the future.

简介：Objective:Tostudytheroleofmonocytesinthepathogenesisofgenitalherpes.Methods:TNF-aandIL-6levelsin27casesofgenitalherpesweredetectedbyenzymelinkedimmunosorbantassay(ELISA).HLAclassⅡantigenexpressiononmonocytesweredetectedbyanalkalinephosphataseanti-alkalinephosphatasemethod.Results:Comparedwithnormalcontrols,levelsofTNF-aandIL-6secretedbymonocytesrespondingtoLPSmitogeninvitroweresignificantlydecreased[(3.13±0.44ng/ml)vs(4.68±0.54ng/ml),P<0.05and(3.32±1.06ng/ml)vs(6.46±1.94ng/ml),P<0.05,respectively].HLAclassⅡantigenexpressiononmonocytesinthegenitalherpesgroupwasalsosignificantlydecreased[HLA-DR(67.48%±1.51%)vs(81.03%±1.32%),P<0.01andHLA-DQ(29.54%±1.15%)vs(37.63%±1.79%),P<0.01respectively].Conclusion:Thesefindingssuggestthatthedecreasedmonocytefunctionmaycontributetothepathogenesisofgenitalherpes.Augmentingorinducingmonocytefunctionmaybeimportantintheprevention,treatment,andreductionofgenitalherpescases.

简介：Objective:Spontaneoushepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)rupturecanbefatal,andhepaticresectioncouldachieveafavorablelong-termsurvivalamongallstrategiesoftumorrupture.However,thereisnoavailableprognosticscoringsystemforpatientswithrupturedHCCwhounderwentpartialhepatectomy.Methods:FromJanuary2005toMay2015,129patientswithspontaneousHCCruptureunderwentpartialhepatectomy.Preoperativeclinicaldatawerecollectedandanalyzed.Independentriskfactorsaffectingoverallsurvival(OS)wereusedtodevelopthenewscoringsystem.Harrell'sCstatistics,Akaikeinformationcriterion(AIC),therelativelikelihood,andtheloglikelihoodratiowerecalculatedtomeasurethehomogeneityanddiscriminatoryabilityofaprognosticsystem.Results:InthemultivariableCoxregressionanalysis,threefactors,includingtumorsize,preoperativeα-fetoproteinlevel,andalkalinephosphataselevel,werechosenforthenewtumor-associatedantigen(TAA)prognosticscoringsystem.The1-yearOSrateswere88.1%,43.2%,and30.2%forTAAscoresof0-5points(low-riskgroup),6-9points(moderate-riskgroup),and10-13points(high-riskgroup),respectively.TheTAAscoringsystemhadsuperiorhomogeneityanddiscriminatoryability(Harrell'sCstatistics,0.693vs.0.627and0.634;AIC,794.79vs.817.23and820.16;relativelikelihood,both<0.001;andloglikelihoodratio,45.21vs.22.77and21.84)thantheBarcelonaClinicLiverCancerstagingsystemandtheCanceroftheLiverItalianPrograminpredictingOS.Similarresultswerefoundwhilepredictingdisease-freesurvival(DFS).Conclusions:ThenewprognosticscoringsystemissimpleandeffectiveinpredictingbothOSandDFSofpatientswithspontaneousrupturedHCC.

简介：客观：为了与M-CSFR验证MAF-J6-1受体的抗原协会并且进一步学习M-CSF和它的受体的角色，调停了在支持白血病的房间增长的juxtacrine。方法：MAF-J6-1RRE2的Monoclonal抗体(McAb)和rhM-CSFR的polyclonal抗体(PolyAb)被准备。到M-CSFR的McAbRE2的特性被ELISA被间接ELISA，有J6-1房间殖民地形成的跨neutralizing试金和中立化测试证实。结果：到M-CSFR的净化的RE2的反应活动是超过1：16000。M-CSFR和MAF-J6-1R的禁止的活动能被RE2和anti-M-CSFR抗体堵住。到M-CSFR的RE2的反应能被M-CSFR减少。结论：到M-CSFR的RE2的特性被证实，有M-CSFR的MAF-J6-1R的抗原协会被证明。它建议M-CSF和它的受体调停了auto-juxtacrine刺激能是在白血病或nonhematological恶意的起作用的机制。

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简介：目的：对3例RhD阴性产妇所育的RhD阳性新生儿因D抗原遮蔽造成假阴性现象，进一步进行血型血清学检测及分析。方法：采用血型血清学方法检测新生儿及其母亲、父亲血型抗原、抗体。结果：新生儿血型分别为O，CcDEe、B，CCDEe、A，CcDEe；其母亲分别为O，ccdee、B，ccdee、AB，ccdee；其父亲分别为：O，CcDEe、O，CCDEe、A，CcDEe；新生儿直接抗球蛋白试验分别为：3＋、3＋、3＋。对新生儿进行RhD血型检测时，试管法观察结果未见凝集，易误判为RhD阴性。结论：通过血型血清学检测该3例患儿RhD抗原为阳性，并由Rh系统IgG抗D引起的新生儿溶血病，为新生儿得到及时治疗提供实验室依据。