简介：CT的原意为计算体层摄影，通常指作横断面体层扫描。是以x线束从多个方向沿着人体某一选定断层层面透射，测定透过的x线量，数字化后经过计算得出该层层面组织各个单位体积的吸收系数，然后重建成图像的一种成像技术。断层的厚度是由x线准直器长轴的长度决定的，

简介：2008年5月12曰下午14时28分，一场大灾难向我们袭来，8．0级的大地震在汶川暴发，许多地方被夷为平地，大量的人员伤亡，全世界为之震惊。党中央立即作出重要指示，动员一切力量抗震救灾。虽然成都现在还是余震不断，但华西口腔医院的每一个学生、老师都响应党中央的号召，在医院的统一部署下，积极投入到抗震救灾中。

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简介：摘要：乳腺癌起源于乳腺上皮组织的一种恶性肿瘤，是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。目前以手术为主，联合化疗和/或放疗及综合治疗为病员治疗疾病、预防复发转移、延长生命、提高生活质量。在治疗中应加强病员的健康教育、围手术期的护理、化疗护理、心理护理、饮食指导、手臂护理等方面进行临床护理和生活护理，从而给予病员战胜疾病的信心，使病员拥有健康、自信、积极、向上的心态生活。

简介：摘要：随着社会的发展，人们对健康的要求越来越高，希望各类疾病都能够在现代医学的条件下获得治愈和治疗。支气管哮喘作为一种较为普遍的并发症，严重危害着人们的健康和生活水平，随着医学的发展，人们开始从预防、治疗、护理等途径来缓解和规避此病的发生。

简介：AIM:Toreportthelong-termvision-threateningcomplicationsinpatientswhounderwentphakicintraocularlens(pIOLs)implantationforhighmyopia.METHODS:Thisstudywasdesignedfromaconsecutiveseriesofphakicintraocularlenscomplicationandcorrectivesurgeries.Sixteeneyesof13patientshadimplantationofphakicintraocularlensforcorrectionhighmyopiaanddevelopedseriouscomplicationshavebeenincludedinthisstudy.Themeanageofpatientswas38.6±6.35y(range32-50y)andthemeantimeofhistoryofpIOLimplantationforhighmyopiawas6±2y(range2-10y).Beforecorrectivesurgery,bestspectaclecorrectivevisualacuity(BSCVA)rangedfromperceptionto20/200intheeyesinwhichseverecomplicationsoccurred.RESULTS:Cornealdecompensationoccurredin12eyesof9highmyopicpatientsafteranteriorchamberpIOLimplantation.Rhegmatogenousretinaldetachment(RRD)occurredin4eyesof4highmyopicpatientsfollowinganteriorchamberandposteriorchamberpIOLimplantation.Patientswithcornealdecompensation,hadcombinedproceduresconsistingofpIOLremovalandpenetratingkeratoplasty(PKP).RemovalsofpIOL,phacoemulsificationandparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withsiliconeoiltamponadewereperformedinpatientswithRRD.Aftercorrectivesurgeries,allpatientsbutone(P+,patient2,righteye)achievedmoderateBSCVArangedfrom20/200to20/50atthelastvisit.CONCLUSION:PhakicIOLsmaybeeffectiveforthecorrectionofhighmyopia.AlthoughtheseIOLsmayhaveseverecomplicationsanditaffectssafetyandefficacyofthissurgery.Asseenhere,cornealdecompensationandrhegmatogenousretinaldetachmentarepossiblepostoperativevision-threateningcomplicationsofphakicIOLs.Patientsmustbecarefullyexaminedbeforeandaftersurgeryforpossibleendothelialcelllossandvitreoretinalproblems.

简介：AIM:Toassesstheawarenessofeyecomplicationsandtheprevalenceofretinopathy,inthefirstvisittoeyeclinic,amongtype2diabeticpatientsattendingatertiarymedicalcentreinKualaLumpur,Malaysia.METHODS:Aninvestigator-administeredquestionnairewasgivento137patientswithdiabetesundergoingfirsttimeeyescreeningintheeyeclinic.Thiswasfollowedbyadetailedfundusexaminationbyaseniorophthalmologisttoassessforpresenceofretinopathy.RESULTS:Almost86%ofrespondentswereawareofdiabeticeyecomplications,especiallyinpatientswhohadachievedtertiaryeducationallevel(96.3%).Themajorityofthepatients(78.8%)werereferredbytheirphysiciansandonly20.4%cameontheirowninitiative.Manyofthepatients(43.8%)didnotknowhowfrequenttheyshouldgoforaneyecheck-upand72.3%didnotknowwhattreatmentswereavailable.Lackofunderstandingondiabeticeyediseases(68.6%)wasthemainbarrierformostpatientsfornotcomingforeyescreeningearlier.Despiteahighlevelofawareness,only21.9%hadrecordedHbA1clevelof<6.5%while31.4%wereundertheerroneousassumptionofhavingagoodbloodsugarcontrol.Atotalof29.2%haddiabeticretinopathyintheirfirstvisiteyetesting.CONCLUSION:Inthepresentstudy,29.2%oftype2diabeticpatientshadretinopathyintheirfirsttimeeyetesting.Althoughtheawarenessofdiabeticeyecomplicationswashighamongfirsttimeeyescreeningpatients,theappropriateeyecare-seekingbehaviorwascomparativelylessandshouldberectifiedtopreventtheriseofthissightthreateningeyedisease.

简介：AIM:Toadaptthelowvision-relatedqualityoflife(LVQOL)instrumentintoTurkishlanguageandtoassessitsvalidityandreliability.METHODS:Thestudywasconductedin387patientsattendingtheCentreofLowVisionRehabilitation,FacultyofMedicine,AnkaraUniversity.Forstatisticalanalyses,theSpearman’scorrelationcoefficient,Cronbach’salphacoefficientandConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis(CFA)wereused.RESULTS:AccordingtoresultsofCFA,theiteminthe'Adjustment'subscalebecauseofhavingthefactorloadingbelow0.40,wasexcludedfromthequestionnaire.ThereliabilityofthequestionnairewasassessedaccordingtoCronbach’salphacoefficients.Thereliabilityofthe'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'subscalewas?琢=0.863;ofthe'Adjustment'subscalewas?琢=0.694;'ReadingandFineWork'was?琢=0.791,and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'was?琢=0.770.Sotheseresultsindicatethatthequestionnaireisreliabletomeasurethevisionrelatedqualityoflifeoflow-visionpatients.Thecorrelationsbetweenthesubscaleswerealsoanalyzed,andthecorrelationbetween'Adjustment'and'ReadingandFineWork'wasfoundtobethelowest(rs=0.336,P<0.001),whereasthestrongestcorrelationwasfoundbetweenthe'ReadingandFineWork',and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'.Additionally,the'Adjustment'dimensionshowedthestrongestcorrelationwithonly'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'dimension.CONCLUSION:Afterremovingthelastitemintheseconddimension,theTurkishadaptationofalldimensionsoftheLVQOLhasbeenshowntobereliable,validandsuitableforuseinpatientswithlowvisioninTurkey.

简介：AIM:Tostudyclinicalfeaturesandgenemutationswithinthepaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)geneinapedigreeofbilaterallimbaldermoids.METHODS:Completeeyeexaminationshavebeenperformedoneachindividualofthefamily.Exonsofpaired-likehomeodomaintranscriptionfactor2(PITX2)wereamplifiedbypolymerasechainreaction,sequenced,andcomparedwithareferencedatabase.RESULTS:Wedescribedthephenotype,clinicfindingsinafamilywithtwoaffectedmembers.Themassesoftheproband’seyeswereexcisedsurgicallydemonstratingadermoidcystbyhistopathologicalexamination.NomutationwasdetectedinthegenePITX2inthispedigree.CONCLUSION:Afamilyoflimbaldermoidcystwasreported.Inaddition,nopathogenicsequencevariationswerefoundinPITX2,indicatingthatthisphenotypeinthisfamilyisadistinctiveentity.

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简介：摘要目的评价微信的应用对消化道肿瘤患者进行院外PICC导管自我维护的指导效果。方法将80例PICC置管消化道肿瘤患者分为实验组40例，对照组40例。实验组应用微信对院外PICC的维护进行指导，对照组按常规方法给予PICC维护指导。结果实验组PICC导管相关并发症发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05)，实验组患者满意度高于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论微信应用于肿瘤患者的PICC导管自我维护指导可降低患者导管相关并发症的发生率，提高患者依从性。

简介：摘要目的探讨舒适护理在骨科手术留置尿管患者中的应用效果。方法随机将我院骨科收治的60例手术留置尿管患者分为两组，对照组围术期给予常规护理，观察组围术期给予舒适护理，比较两组患者尿管留置时间和感染发生率，观察两组尿管拔除后患者排尿情况、疼痛程度、血尿程度和尿路刺激症状。结果观察组患者尿管留置时间和感染发生率都低于对照组，两组间比较差异显著（P<0.05）。拔除尿管后观察组患者疼痛评分、血尿程度及尿路刺激症状发生率都低于对照组，而自行排尿发生率高于对照组，两组比较差异显著（P<0.05）。结论舒适护理能有效缩短尿管留置时间，减轻尿管拔除后疼痛及刺激症状。

简介：摘要目的探论基层医院中传统的肛肠手术治疗方式在的应用效果。方法回顾本文笔者所在基层医院的400例肛肠类疾病的患者身上的临床资料，总结出相应的临床经验和体会。结果400例肛肠疾病的患者经过一次或者二次传统肛肠手术的手术后均痊愈。结论传统的肛肠手术治疗方式具有较明显的实用性、经济性、安全性和可靠性，在基层医院的临床中值得应用和推广。

简介：Mostoftheoculartumorshavepoorprognosis,andtheyremainadifficultproblemintheareaofophthalmology.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmolecularbiologyandimmunologictechniquesandthedeepresearchonoculartumorrelatedgenes,itbecomespossibletodiagnoseandtreatmalignanttumorsfromthemolecularlevel.Thetumornecrosisfactorrelatedapoptosis-inducingligand(TRAIL),amemberofthetumornecrosisfactor(TNF)superfamily,isapromisingcandidate,eitheraloneorincombinationwithestablishedcancertherapies,sinceitcaninitiateapoptosisthroughtheactivationoftheirdeathreceptors.TheabilityofTRAILtoselectivelyinduceapoptosisoftransformed,virus-infectedortumorcellsbutnotnormalcellspromotesthedevelopmentofTRAIL-basedcancertherapy.Here,wewillreviewTRAILanditsreceptors’structure,function,mechanismofactionandapplicationinoculartumorstherapy.