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简介：2009年10月4日～9日，第19届国际妇产科联盟（InternationalFederationofGynecologyandObstetrics,FIGO）在南非开普敦隆重举行。FIGO大会是全球妇产科医师的一次盛会，每隔3年在五大洲轮流举办。本次大会由南非作为主办国首次承接此项会议。2009年是消除性别歧视大会30周年纪念，本次会议很好地切合了该主题。开普敦盛情欢迎世界各地的妇产科专家，

简介：Dearcolleaguesanddistinguishedguests:Onbehalfoftheorganizingcommitteeofthe11thSouthChinaInternationalCongressofCardiology(SCC),itisourdistincthonortoinviteyoutoattendtheSCCCongress,whichisgoingtobeheldon9-12April,2009atDongfangHotel,Guangzhou,China.

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简介：The5thAnnualScientificSessionofCardiologyinSouthChinawasheldfromApril3—7.2003inGuangzhou.Aseminar——“TheFrontlineProblemsandNewViewpointsinCardiologyinRecentTimes”washeldatthesametime.MorethanonethousandcardiologyspecialistscamefromsouthandmiddleChinatoparticipateinthemeetingand135paperswere

简介：TheorganizersofSCCwelcomethesubmissionofabstracts.Submissionscoveringallaspectsofcardiovasculardiseasearewelcome.Allacceptedabstractswillbepublishedinsupplement(s)oftheSouthChinaJournalofCardiology.Theexcellentabstractwillbeselectedforpresentationatthesessiononthe11thSCCandrewarded$1000-$5000.Beawarethatyouracceptedabstract(s)willbepublishedandyourcopyrighttransferredtoSCConpublication.

简介：为了加强国内外心脑血管专业高新科技信息交流，提高老年医学领域的基础研究与临床治疗水平，促进年轻医务工作者专业技能的快速成长与发展，《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》作为学术前沿的交流平台，于2013年12月5日与位于美国旧金山硅谷的CaliforniaSouthBayUniversity（CSBU）即美国加州南湾大学商定，双方坦诚牵手开展长期协作。

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简介：AbstractPurpose:Overcrowding in emergency department (ED) is a concerning global problem and has been identified as a national crisis in some countries. Several emergency sorting systems designed successfully in the world. Launched in 2004, a group of branches in South African triage scale (SATS) developed. The effectiveness of the case sorting system of SATS was evaluated to reduce the patient's length of stay (LOS) and mortality rate within the ED at Suez Canal University Hospital.Methods:The study was designed as an intervention study that included a systematic random sample of patients who presented to the ED in Suez Canal University Hospital. This study was implemented in three phases: pre-intervention phase, 115 patients were assessed by the traditional protocols; intervention phase, a structured training program was provided to the ED staff, including a workshop and lectures; and post-intervention phase, 230 patients were assessed by SATS. All the patients were retriaged 2 h later, calculating the LOS per patient and the mortality. Data was collected and entered using Microsoft Excel software. Collected data from the triage sheet were analyzed using the SPSS software program version 22.0.Results:The LOS in the ED was about 183.78 min before the intervention; while after the training program and the application of SATS, it was reduced to 51.39 min. About 15.7% of the patients died before the intervention; however, after the intervention the ratio decreased to 10.7% deaths.Conclusion:SATS is better at assessing patients without missing important data. Additionally, it resulted in a decrease in the LOS and reduction in the mortality rate compared to the traditional protocol.

简介：AbstractBackground:The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic hit South America badly with multiple waves. Different COVID-19 variants have been storming across the region, leading to more severe infections and deaths even in places with high vaccination coverage. This study aims to assess the spatiotemporal variability of the COVID-19 pandemic and estimate the infection fatality rate (IFR), infection attack rate (IAR) and reproduction number (R0) for twelve most affected South American countries.Methods:We fit a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR)-based model with a time-varying transmission rate to the reported COVID-19 deaths for the twelve South American countries with the highest mortalities. Most of the epidemiological datasets analysed in this work are retrieved from the disease surveillance systems by the World Health Organization, Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center and Our World in Data. We investigate the COVID-19 mortalities in these countries, which could represent the situation for the overall South American region. We employ COVID-19 dynamic model with-and-without vaccination considering time-varying flexible transmission rate to estimate IFR, IAR and R0 of COVID-19 for the South American countries.Results:We simulate the model in each scenario under suitable parameter settings and yield biologically reasonable estimates for IFR (varies between 0.303% and 0.723%), IAR (varies between 0.03 and 0.784) and R0 (varies between 0.7 and 2.5) for the 12 South American countries. We observe that the severity, dynamical patterns of deaths and time-varying transmission rates among the countries are highly heterogeneous. Further analysis of the model with the effect of vaccination highlights that increasing the vaccination rate could help suppress the pandemic in South America.Conclusions:This study reveals possible reasons for the two waves of COVID-19 outbreaks in South America. We observed reductions in the transmission rate corresponding to each wave plausibly due to improvement in nonpharmaceutical interventions measures and human protective behavioral reaction to recent deaths. Thus, strategies coupling social distancing and vaccination could substantially suppress the mortality rate of COVID-19 in South America.

简介：The5thSCCSS&IICwillbeheldonApril4th-7th,2003intheGuangdongHotel,GuangzhouCity,About800specialistsandclinicalphysiciansincardiologywillattendtheconlerences.TheywillcomefromGuandong.Hunan,Hainanandotherprovincesinmedial-southChina.ManyworldfamouscardiologistsfromAmerica,Canada,Germany,theU.K.andHongkong,Beijing,Shanghai,etc.,willbe

简介：AbstractBackground:Despite progress towards End TB Strategy targets for reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence and deaths by 2035, South Africa remains among the top ten high-burden tuberculosis countries globally. A large challenge lies in how policies to improve detection, diagnosis and treatment completion interact with social and structural drivers of TB. Detailed understanding and theoretical development of the contextual determinants of problems in TB care is required for developing effective interventions. This article reports findings from the pre-implementation phase of a study of TB care in South Africa, contributing to HeAlth System StrEngThening in Sub-Saharan Africa (ASSET)—a five-year research programme developing and evaluating health system strengthening interventions in sub-Saharan Africa. The study aimed to develop hypothetical propositions regarding contextual determinants of problems in TB care to inform intervention development to reduce TB deaths and incidence whilst ensuring the delivery of quality integrated, person-centred care.Methods:Theory-building case study design using the Context and Implementation of Complex Interventions (CICI) framework to identify contextual determinants of problems in TB care. Between February and November 2019, we used mixed methods in six public-sector primary healthcare facilities and one public-sector hospital serving impoverished urban and rural communities in the Amajuba District of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Qualitative data included stakeholder interviews, observations and documentary analysis. Quantitative data included routine data on sputum testing and TB deaths. Data were inductively analysed and mapped onto the seven CICI contextual domains.Results:Delayed diagnosis was caused by interactions between fragmented healthcare provision; limited resources; verticalised care; poor TB screening, sputum collection and record-keeping. One nurse responsible for TB care, with limited integration of TB with other conditions, and policy focused on treatment adherence contributed to staff stress and limited consideration of patients’ psychosocial needs. Patients were lost to follow up due to discontinuity of information, poverty, employment restrictions and limited support for treatment side-effects. Infection control measures appeared to be compromised by efforts to integrate care.Conclusions:Delayed diagnosis, limited psychosocial support for patients and staff, patients lost to follow-up and inadequate infection control are caused by an interaction between multiple interacting contextual determinants. TB policy needs to resolve tensions between treating TB as epidemic and individually-experienced social problem, supporting interventions which strengthen case detection, infection control and treatment, and also promote person-centred support for healthcare professionals and patients.

简介：AbstractSouth Asian (SA) countries have been fighting with the pandemic novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since January 2020. Earlier, the country-specific descriptive study has been done. Nevertheless, as transboundary infection, the border sharing, shared cultural and behavioral practice, effects on the temporal and spatial distribution of COVID-19 in SA is still unveiled. Therefore, this study has been revealed the spatial hotspot along with descriptive output on different parameters of COVID-19 infection. We extracted data from the WHO and the worldometer database from the onset of the outbreak up to 15 May, 2020. Europe has the highest case fatality rate (CFR, 9.22%), whereas Oceania has the highest (91.15%) recovery rate from COVID-19. Among SA countries, India has the highest number of cases (85,790), followed by Pakistan (38,799) and Bangladesh (20,065). However, the number of tests conducted was minimum in this region in comparison with other areas. The highest CFR was recorded in India (3.21%) among SA countries, whereas Nepal and Bhutan had no death record due to COVID-19 so far. The recovery rate varies from 4.75% in the Maldives to 51.02% in Sri Lanka. In Bangladesh, community transmission has been recorded, and the highest number of cases were detected in Dhaka, followed by Narayanganj and Chattogram. We detected Dhaka and its surrounding six districts, namely Gazipur, Narsingdi, Narayanganj, Munshiganj, Manikganj, and Shariatpur, as the 99% confidence-based hotspot where Faridpur and Madaripur district as the 95% confidence-based spatial hotspots of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. However, we did not find any cold spots in Bangladesh. We identified three hotspots and three cold spots at different confidence levels in India. Findings from this study suggested the "Test, Trace, and Isolation" approach for earlier detection of infection to prevent further community transmission of COVID-19.

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简介：AbstractPurpose:Alcohol has been associated with 10%—35% trauma admissions and 40% trauma-related deaths globally. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Kingdom entered a state of "lockdown" on March 23, 2020. Restrictions were most significantly eased on June 1, 2020, when shops and schools re-opened. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of lockdown on alcohol-related trauma admissions.Methods:All adult patients admitted as "trauma calls" to a London major trauma centre during April 2018 and April 2019 (pre-lockdown, n = 316), and 1st April—31st May 2020 (lockdown, n = 191) had electronic patient records analysed retrospectively. Patients’ blood alcohol level and records of intoxication were used to identify alcohol-related trauma. Trauma admissions from pre-lockdown and lockdown cohorts were compared using multiple regression analyses.Results:Alcohol-related trauma was present in a significantly higher proportion of adult trauma calls during lockdown (lockdown 60/191 (31.4%), vs. pre-lockdown 62/316 (19.6%); (odds ratio (OR): 0.83, 95% CI: 0.38—1.28, p < 0.001). Lockdown was also associated with increased weekend admissions of trauma (lockdown 125/191 weekend (65.5%) vs. pre-lockdown 179/316 (56.7%); OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.79 to -0.02, p = 0.041). No significant difference existed in the age, gender, or mechanism between pre-lockdown and lockdown cohorts (p > 0.05).Conclusions:The United Kingdom lockdown was independently associated with an increased proportion of alcohol-related trauma. Trauma admissions were increased during the weekend when staffing levels are reduced. With the possibility of further global "waves" of COVID-19, the long-term repercussions of dangerous alcohol-related behaviour to public health must be addressed.

简介：BackgroundAdvancedpracticenursetransitionalcarehasbeenproofedtobeimportantforolderadultswithchronicconditions.However,sucheffectivenesshasneverbeenstudiedinthemanagementofappropriateWarfarinuseinclinicalpractice.MethodsAtotalof97patientswererandomlydistributedintocontrolgroupwhoreceivedusualcare,andinterventionalgroupwhoreceivedtransitionalcareprovidedbyAPNs.A12-monthobservationofbothgroupswererecordedbyphysiciansandAPNsandtheimpactofAPNsonthemanagingofWarfarintherapywasalsoevaluatedbasedontimeinthetherapeuticrange(TTR).ResultsAPNstransitionalcaresignificantly(P<0.01)improvedpatients’adherence,increasedTTRandhighTTRratiocomparedwithcontrolgroup.Re-admissionduetostrokewassignificantly(P<0.01)reducedbyAPNstransitionalcare.ConclusionAPNstransitionalcareimprovespatients’knowledgeonAFandreducesstrokerisk.ThecurrentresearchstronglysuggestthenecessityofAPNstransitionalinterventionalinmanaginganticoagulationtherapyinAFpatientsinChina.

简介：在那些之中的服务和它有在一张农村南方印第安人population.METHODSA人口的单方的视觉缺陷(VI)的联系因素基于代表性的学习的眼睛照顾的利用上的AIMTo报告处于AndhraPradesh的状态在三个区域(Adilabad，Mahbubnagar和西方Godavari)被进行，印度。详细会见和全面眼睛考试被进行。那些关于在视觉并且在眼睛照顾服务的利用上注意任何变化与单方的VI被问问题。参加者为不利用服务报导的最重要的原因被用于分析。多重逻辑回归模型被用来检验在在象4456个参加者变老的VI.RESULTSAmong的住处，严厉和原因的年龄，性，教育和区域那样的视觉和socio人口统计的变量注意一个变化之间的协会16y被管理问询表，53.2%是女人，并且54.7%没有教育。489(11%；95%CI：10.1-11.9)有单方的VI的人，399(81.6%)参加者报导了在最后五年在他们的视觉注意一个变化但是仅仅136(34.1%)参加者寻求了眼睛照顾咨询。有任何教育的那些(或：1.9；95%CI：1.1-3.2)，有的盲目(或：2.7；95%CI：1.4-5.2)，并且奔流(或：2.1；95%CI：1.0-4.3)因为单方的VI的一个原因是相似的更多寻求，看照顾咨询。为不寻求眼睛照顾服务的最通常报导的原因是没有钱因为在30.7%参加者的眼睛检查列在后面由没有一个严重问题(30.0%)农村人口的大比例不过注意了的.CONCLUSIONA在他们的视觉的一个变化没寻求眼睛照顾由于金融并且人相关的原因。眼睛照顾服务供应商需要这些障碍到地址与单方的VI在那些之中提高眼睛照顾服务的举起。