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简介：Thepaperreviewedthereferencesofcarbonsequenceandoxygenreleaseofforestresources.Thedynasticphysicalaccountingmodelisestablished,andbenefittransfermodelisadoptedtocalculatewillingtopayforcarbonsequenceandoxygen.BengheForestryFarmofLinyiPrefectureofShandongProvinceisselectedasthecasestudyarea,theaccountingresultispresentedinthepaper.

简介：AccordingtothecultivatingpracticeofLarixolgensispulpplantation,IRR(Internalrevenuerate)andNPV(Netpresentvalue)weretakenastwoeconomicindicestostudytheeffectofcultivationmeasurementsoneconomicbenefitofLarixolgensispulpforest.Theresultsshowedthattheeconomicbenefitofthistypeofforestiscloselyrelatedtorotationandsiteclass.Highereconomicbenefitcouldbeobtainedwhentherotationisshorterandsiteclassishigher.Theplantingdensityalsohadanobviousinfluenceoneconomicbenefit.Onthebaseofassuringsurvivalrateandconservingrate,thelessthefeeusedinsoilpreparationandyounggrowthtendingis,thehighertheeconomicbenefitis.Theinfluenceofdeterminedsixcultivationmeas-uresoneconomicbenefitinsequencewastherotation-siteclass-density-managementfeelevel-younggrowthtendingin-tensity-soilpreparationmethods.

简介：ThepaperanalyzedthecurrentstatusofforeigntradeofforestindustryinChinaandthenationalandinternationalmarketchanges.Basedontheanalysis,theorientationandtransformationofforeigntradepolicyforChina'sforestindustrywerediscussed.

简介：CollectiveforesttenurereformisnowcarriedoutthroughoutChinawiththeaimtoclarifytheproperty,increaseforestfarmers'incomeandmotivatethedevelopmentofforestry.Butthecollectiveforesttenurereforminnaturereservescomestoadilemma.Thecurrentimplementedlawsandregulationsprovidethatforestsandtreesinnaturereservesshallbeunderstrictprotection,whiletheforestfarmershopetoimprovetheirlivelihoodinthereform.Thepaperdiscussedtheproblemsencounteredinthec...

简介：Byinvestigation,thethesisanalysesandsummarizestheforminganddevelopingofCHFRPInXupucounty.WeselecttheMayandongstockcooperationforestfarmasobject,adoptthemethodssuchassemi-structureinterview,analysingseconddataandsurveyingsampleplots,analyseandstudytheprocesstoclarifythepropertyright,theprofitsallocatedformsandthemanagementforms.TheresultsshowthatCHFRPcantentativelyresolvethecontradictionbetweentheforestlandusingrightscatteredtoeve...

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简介：ＤｅｆｉｎｉｎｇｔｈｅＳｃｏｐｅｏｆＦｏｒｅｓｔＲｉｇｈｔｓ：ＡｎＩｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔＰｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｎｔｈｅＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＳｏｃｉａｌＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙ￥ｂｙＸｉｅＪｉｎｇｘｉａｎｇＴｈｅｔｅｒｍ，ｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｉｇｈｔｓ，ｒｅｆｅｒｓｔｏ...

简介：ThecorrectmethodusedinforestsoilrespirationmeasurementbyLi-6400isapremiseofdataqualitycontrol.Accordingtothestudyinalarchplantation,collarsshouldbeinsertedat12hoursinadvancetoefficientlyreducetheinfluenceofCO2spring-out.Moreover,collarinsertiondepthsubstantiallyaffectedsoilrespirationmeasurement,i.e.whencollarwasshallowlyinsertedintosoil,transversalgasdiffusionandtheCO2re-spring-outcausedbyunstablecollarsinthemeasurementcouldleadtooverestimatingsoilrespirationrate;however,whencollarwasdeeplyinsertedintosoil,rootrespirationdeclinecausedbyroot-cutandthemostactiverespiratoryofthesurfacesoilseparatedbytheinsertedcollarscouldleadtounderestimatingsoilrespirationrate.Furthermore,anerrorlessthan5%couldbeguaranteedintypicalsunnydayifthetarget[CO2]wassettothemeanvalueofambient[CO2]inmosttimeoftheday,butitshouldbecarefullysetinearlymorningandlateafternoonaccordingtochangingambient[CO2].Thisprotocolofmeasurementisusefulinrealmeasurement.

简介：为了确定黄土高原地区现有刺槐林改造的最佳间伐强度，１９９５年秋季对密度为２２２０株／公顷的９年生刺槐林进行了三种不同强度的间伐．通过间伐，降低了群落密度，减少了林冠截留率，增加了植树带内的汇流量，根系层内的土壤水分条件得到明显的改善．当间伐后的林分密度为１１１０株／公顷时，生长季内植树带土壤水分提高约４０％．随着间伐强度的增大，林木的水分生产函数曲线由直线上升变为以对数曲线上升；当间伐强度达到某一值时（保留密度为１１１０株／公顷），林木水分生产力随蒸腾量的变化曲线为抛物线．这表明此时水分已不再是林木生产的限制因子，在这种间伐强度条件下，单株林木和整个林分的水分生产力分别达到６０１７１ｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｍｍ－１和１４９７７７ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２·ｍｍ－１，因此将这一强度定为黄土高原地区刺槐林间伐的最佳强度．

简介：Theroleandpositionofforestryinresponsetotheissueofclimatechangehavebeenincreasinglyconcernedbymoreandmorecountriesandtheinternationalcommunity.Thecostincurredinforestcarbonsequestrationislowerthanotheroptionstomitigateclimatechange.However,thefund’sgapbecomesthemainbarriertoreducingcarbonemissionscausedbydeforestationandforestdegradation(REDD)andenhancingcarbonstorageinforests(REDD+)andalsobecomestheconcernsofgovernments,academiccommunityandenterprises.Basedonthecomparativeanalysisofoverseasforestcarbonfinancingmodels,thepaperpinpointedtheirdevelopmenttrendandproposedsolutionstofinancingforforestcarbonsinkinChina.

简介：Forestsprovidemultipleecological,economicandsocialbenefits.Atrulysustainableforestmanagementshouldleadtoabalancedrealizationoftheseforestvalues.Thispapercategorizestheforestresourcesasappreciatingresourcesanddepreciatingresourcesinaccordancewiththespecificformofforestvalues,anddefinesthemconceptuallyinregardtothecontrastingandcompetitivenatureofthesevalues.Necessarytheoreticdiscussionswerethenmadeforthefeasibilityandoperabilityintermsoft...

简介：Forestgrowthismainlycurrentlymonitoredusingin-situmeasurementsinnortheastofChina.Toeffectivelymonitorforestgrowthdisturbanceatlargescale,weattemptedtouseremotesensingtechnique,particularly,timeseriesMODISdatafrom2004to2006.Theannualtimeseriesof8-dayenhancedvegetationindex(EVI)datasetwasgeneratedandsmoothedusingaSavitzky-Golayfilter.TheEVItrajectoryduringgrowthseasonwassimulatedusingalogisticmodel.Fromthesimulatedtrajectory,theEVIareaofgrowthseasonandannualEVIentropywerecalculated.Thesetwofactorswerecombinedtomapthedisturbanceregionsofforestgrowth.Finally,thedisturbanceregionswereverifiedusingasetofrandomsamples.Theresultindicatesthatthedisturbancepointshavedistinctivelyhigherentropyandlowerpeak.SomeofthesepointsalsoshowabruptEVIdeclineduringthemidseasonofthepeakphasesordoublepeaks.Thisapproachisdemonstratedtobefeasiblefordisturbancemonitoringofforestgrowth.

简介：GaoligongmountainState-classnaturereserveissituatedintheSino-Myanmarborderarea.Ithasrichandpeculiarbiologicalresourcesandanumberofpreciousanimalandplantspecieswhichhasveryimportantprotectivevalueandinternationalsignificance,andwaslistedin1992byWWFasClass

简介：Determiningthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofsoilanditsbehaviorforengineeringprojectsisessentialforroadconstructionoperations.Oneofthemostimportantprinciplesinforestroadconstruction,whichisusuallyneglected,istoavoidmixingorganicmatterwithroadmaterialsduringexcavationandembankmentconstruction.Thecurrentstudyaimedtoassesstheinfluenceoforganicmatteronthephysicalpropertiesandmechanicalbehaviorsofforestsoilandtoanalyzetherelationbetweentheamountoforganicmatterandthebehaviorofforestsoilasroadmaterial.Atypicalsoilsamplefromthestudyareawascollectedbesideanewlyconstructedroadbed.Thesoilwasmixedwithdifferentpercentagesoforganicmatter(controltreatment,5,10,and15%bymass)anddifferenttestsincludingAtterberglimits,standardcompaction,andCaliforniabearingratio(CBR)testswereconductedonthesedifferentsoilmixtures.Theresultsshowedthatsoilplasticityincreasedlinearlywithincreasingorganicmatter.Increasingtheorganicmatterfrom0%(control)to15%resultedinanincreaseof11.64%oftheplasticlimitand15.22%oftheliquidlimitafterdryingat110℃.Also,increasingtheorganicmattercontentreducedthesoilmaximumdrydensityandincreasedtheoptimummoisturecontent.Increasingtheorganicmatterfrom0to15%resultedinanincreaseof11.0%oftheoptimummoisturecontentandadecreaseof0.29g/cm3ofthemaximumdrydensity.OrganicmatterdecreasedtheCBR,whichisusedastheindexofroadstrength.Adding15%organicmattertothesoilresultedinadecreaseoftheCBRfrom15.72to4.75%.Therewasasignificantdifferencebetweenthetwodryingtemperatures(60and110℃)forthesameorganicmattermixtureswithlowerwatercontentvaluesafterdryingat60℃.Theresultsrevealedtheadverseinfluenceoforganicmatteronsoilengineeringpropertiesandshowedtheimportanceoforganicmatterremovalbeforeexcavationandfillconstruction.

简介：Background:Monitoringthechangingpatternofvegetationacrossdiverselandscapesthroughremotesensingisinstrumentalinunderstandingtheinteractionsofhumanactivitiesandtheecologicalenvironment.LandusepatterninthestateofHimachalPradeshintheIndianWesternHimalayashasbeenundergoingrapidmodificationsduetochangingcroppingpatterns,risinganthropogenicpressureonforestsandgovernmentpolicies.WestudiedlandusechangeinSolanForestDivisionofHimachalPradeshtoassessspecieswiseareachangesintheforestsoftheregion.Methods:Thesupervisedclassification(Maximumlikelihood)ontwodatesofIRS(LISSIII)satellitedatawasperformedtoassesslandusechangeovertheperiod1998–2010.Results:Sevenlandusecategorieswereidentifiednamely,chirpine(Pinusroxburghii)forest,broadleavedforest,bamboo(Dendrocalamusstrictus)forest,banoak(Quercusleucotrichophora)forest,khair(Acaciacatechu)forest,culturableblankandcultivation.Theareaunderchirpine,cultivationandkhairforestsincreasedby191ha(4.55%),129ha(13.81%)and77ha(23.40%),whereastheareaunderbanoak,broadleaved,culturableblankandbamboodecreasedby181ha(16.58%),152ha(6.30%),71ha(2.72%)and7ha(0.47%),respectively.Conclusions:Thestudyrevealedadecreaseintheareaunderforestandculturableblankcategoriesandasimultaneousincreaseintheareaundercultivationprimarilyduetothelargescaleintroductionofhorticulturalcashcropsinthestate.Thecompositionofforestsalsoexhibitedsomemajorchanges,withanincreaseintheareaofcommerciallyimportantmonocultureplantationspeciessuchaspineandkhair,andadeclineintheareaofoak,broadleavedandbamboowhicharefacingahighanthropogenicpressureinmeetingthelivelihooddemandsofforestdependentcommunities.Intimedeforestation,forestdegradationandecologicalimbalancesduetothechangingforestspeciescompositionmayinflictirreversibledamagesuponunstableandfragilemountainzonessuchastheIndianH

简介：Afterfreezingsnowdisaster,standsofPinusmassoniana,Cunninghamialanceolata.Liquidambarformosana,CinnamomumcamphoraandPhyllostachyspubescensandnewburnedareasinHunanProvinceweresurveyedbysettingfieldplots.Moisturecontentandfuelloadweremeasuredbysamplingandfirebehavior(suchasrateoffirespread)wascalculated.Theresultsshowedthatfuelloadgotdoubledinstantly,fuelthicknessenhanced,fuelcontinuityswelledandwatercontentoffueldecreasedasshrubsandherbsdie...

简介：ThemethodsofvegetationecologywereusedtoanalyzethecommunitystructureofHefeiRingPark,andspeciescomposition,distributionpatternoftreeheightandDBHweredescribed.Throughcalculationoftreegrowthindexandassociationcorrelationofcomponentspecies,thecommunitystructureswereanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatcommunitystructuresarecomplex,thereare22pairsofspecieswithpositiveassociation,andtreeindividualinthefollowingcommunitiesgrowwellandaremorestable,themajorarePlatycladusorientalis-Prunuscerasiferafatropurpurea-Osmanthusfragrans,Robiniapseduacacia-Ligustrumlucidum,Robiniapseudoacacia-Ginkgobiloba-Photiniaserrulata,Populuscadadensis-Ligustrumlucidum-Osmanthusfragrans,Sophorajaponica-Ligustrumlucidum-Buxussinica,Cyclobalanopsisglauca-Distyliumracemosum.

简介：Inordertocombatillegalloggingandassociatedtradeandpromotesustainableforestmanagement,majordevelopedcountries,includingFrance,haveimplementedgreenprocurementpolicyforforestproducts.ThispaperdescribedthebackgroundofwhyFranceimplementsgreenprocurementpolicyforforestproducts,analyzedthebasiccontentofthepolicy,andmadeacomprehensiveassessmentoftheimpactofgreenprocurementpolicyonsuppliers,processors,eco-environmentandcompetitivenessofforestproduc...

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