简介:Inthisstudy,thecombinedactionsofwavesandtidalcurrentsinestuarineandcoastalareasareconsideredanda2Dmathematicalmodelforsedimenttransportbywavesandtidalcurrentshasbeenestablishedinorthogonalcurvilinearcoordinates.Non-equilibriumtransportequationsofsuspendedloadandbedloadareusedinthemodel.Theconceptofbackgroundconcentrationisintroduced,andtheformulaofsedimenttransportcapacityoftidalcurrentsfortheOujiangRiverestuaryisobtained.TheDouGuorenformulaisemployedforthesedimenttransportcapacityofwaves.SedimenttransportcapacityintheformofmudandtheintensityofbacksiltingarecalculatedbyuseofLuoZaosen'sformula.Thecalculatedtidalstagesareingoodagreementwiththefielddata,andthecalculatedvelocitiesandflowdirectionsof46verticallinesfor8crosssectionsarealsoingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Onsuchabasis,simulationsofbacksiltingafterexcavationofthewaterwaywithasandbarundercomplicatedboundaryconditionsinthenavigationchannelinducedbysuspendedload,bedloadandmudbywavesandtidalcurrentsarediscussed.
简介:系统评述了土壤微生物生物量磷的测定方法、含量、周转、C/P及其影响因素.土壤微生物生物量磷周转速度快,是植物有效磷的重要来源,但是易受外界影响,在土壤中含量变化范围比较大.熏蒸提取法是测定土壤微生物生物量磷含量最常用的方法,但是该法对于不同类型的土壤不具通用性.新鲜土样经氯仿蒸汽熏蒸24h,提取效果比较好;不同类型的土壤选择的浸提剂不同,酸性土壤宜用Bray-1提取剂,而碱性土壤宜用Olsen提取剂;转换系数K,亦需根据土壤类型进行校正.未来研究应侧重在几个方面:完善测定方法;土壤微生物生物量磷与土壤供磷能力、土壤磷素转化的关系;形态组成;土壤微生物生物量磷与土壤质量的内在关系.
简介:AmodelofseismicitywithfractalstructuresandapreliminarydiscussionontherelatiobetweenDandbvalueHat-KunJIANG(蒋海昆)andShou-ZhongDI...
简介:Thepaperpresentsa0-Dmodelofanalluvialwatercourseschematizedintwoconnectedreaches,evolvingatthelongtime-scaleandunderthehypothesisofLocalUniformFlow.Eachreachisdefinedbyitsgeometry(constantlengthandwidth,time-changingslope)andgrain-sizecompositionofthebed,whilethesedimenttransportiscomputedusingasedimentratingcurve.Theslopeevolutionisprovidedbya0-Dmassbalanceandtheevolutionofthebedcompositioniscomputedbya0-DHiranoequation.Asystemofdifferentialequations,solvedwithapredictor-correctorscheme,isderivedandappliedtotheschematicwatercoursetosimulatethemorphologicalresponsetochanginginitialconditions,andtheevolutiontowardslong-termequilibriumconditions.Differentlyfromasingle-reach0-Dschematizationwithuniformgrain-size,besidesthesimplificationsadopted,themodelproposedheresimulatesthebehaviourofalluvialriversinaphysically-basedway,showingagrain-sizefininginthedownstreamdirectionaccompaniedbymilderslopes,andatendencytodevelopconcavelongitudinalprofiles.
简介:Inthispaper,ahorizontal2-Dnumericalmodelhasbeendevelopedtosimulateflowprocessesindikeburst.Thefinitedifferencemethodisusedincomputation.Themodelemploys2-Dflowequationsandcansimulatecomplexflowswhensupercriticalflowandsub-criticalflowexistsimultaneouslysuchashydraulicjumps.Severalsimulatedresultsareworkedouttodemonstratetheapplicabilityofthenumericalmodel,suchasfloodpropagationonadrybedofacomplexterrain.
简介:十多年来工业界一直从事时移3-D或4-D地震成像技术的分析研究,有越来越多的文章报道了这方面的成功实例。最近报道的两个成功实例研究是:位于挪威北海的Draugen地区和位于英国大陆架之上的Cannet-C地区。这两个地区在技术上取得了成功,提供了储层内部随时间推移而变化的优质图像。这些4-D结果改变了井位,并且减少了油田开发决策带来的代价高昂的风险(注意:本文的“4-D”表示时移地震成像)。本文重点阐述了4-D地震定量评价对石油经济的影响。在总结出4-D对油藏管理影响的几个方面后,便可建立经济模型来定量评价这种影响。该种决策性树状模型运用了贝叶斯定量计算4-D产生的修正概率。模型说明,即使4-D信息是不完善的,但对于钻加密井而言,还是可以大大提高开发方案的价值。
简介:Abrandnewexpertsystemforearthquakeprediction,calledESEP3.0,wassuccessfullydevelopedrecently,inwhichthefuzzytechnologyandneuralnetworkconceptionwereincorporatedandthesteeringinferencemechanismwasintroduced.Inadditiontothefunctionsofsymbolinferenceandexplanationofthefirstgenerationoftheexpertsystemandtheknowledgelearningofthesecondgeneration,ESEP3.0hasstrongerhuman-machineinteractionfunction.Itconsistsofknowledgeedition,machinelearning,steeringfuzzyinferenceengineandsynchronousexplanationsubsystems.Inthispaper,thecomponentsandthegeneraldescriptionofthesystemareintroduced.