高考阅读理解解题和复习备考方略

高考阅读理解解题和复习备考方略

谢春玲

谢春玲

摘要：本文针对近几年高考英语试题题型稳定的特点，对试题尤其是阅读理解题进行探索研究。通过一系列的解题技巧和复习备考方略的提出，为考生解题提供思路，同时使解题效率以及准确率提高。

关键词：英语试题；解题技巧；准确率提高

下面将从分析近几年高考题入手，归纳总结出一系列阅读理解题的解题技巧和复习备考方略。

一、单词/词组转换题

1.Theflower,alonedandelionstandingagainstthebrightbluesky,inspiredme.Theauthor’sinspirationforthegiftcamefrom___A____.

A.aphotoofaflowerB.astoryaboutakid

C.acallfromthemotherD.atextaboutChristmas

分析：单词词性转换，inspire→inspiration,v→n.

2.Thepovertylevelwasshockingandthesmallshabbyhousesgavemethegreatestfeelingofhopelessness.Inthejourney,theauthorwasmostdisappointedatseeing___B____.

A.thelongtrackB.thepoorhouses

C.thesametrainD.thewindingroad

分析：同义词、短语之间的转换，shabby→poor;

thegreatestfeelingofhopelessness→bemostdisappointed.

二、长难句、句群分解题

3.Ayearago,shortlyafterJaneyHenriksensawaBrianWilliamsreportabouttheLittleFreeLibraryorganization,aWisconsin-basednonprofitthataimstopromoteliteracyandbuildasenseofcommunityinaneighborhoodbymakingbooksfreelyavailable.Janeygottheideatobuildalibraryfrom___D____.

A.avisittoBrianWilliamsB.aspringbreakwithherfamily

C.abooksentbyoneofherneighborsD.areportonaWisconsin-basedorganization

分析：该复合句中从句部分shortlyafter…freelyavailable相对复杂，但找出report是关键。

备考策略：学生在平时阅读中应注重理解长难句并提升理解各个句群上下文之间连贯关系的能力。

4.Whenfirstentered,VanakRestaurantdoesnotlooklikemuchofarestaurant.Butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob(烤肉串)hitthesenses,youareincapableofcallingitanythingless.Whenfirstenteringtherestaurant,onecanfindthatit___B____.

A.issplendidlydecoratedB.haspleasantsmellsofkabobs

C.iscrowdedwithdiningtableD.lookslikeacommonrestaurant

分析：But连接的并列复合句中侧重点是but后的内容once...anythingelse,要求正确理解该句。

备考策略：进一步提升长难句和句群的理解能力，重点是抓复合句的主干成分和句群之间的连贯性。

三、段落信息分解题

5.AcommonsightisthatofoldPersianmensittinginthecornertalkingloudlyaboutworldtopics,watchingnewseventsonTV,drinkingablackteaknownasPersianchai,andreadinglocalPersiannewspapersallthewhiletryingtofinishofftheirplatespiledwithfood.Whatactivityisalsomentionedapartfromdiningintherestaurant?(A)

A.WatchingnewseventsonTV.B.Drinkingakindofblackcoffee.

C.ReadinglocalEnglishnewspaper.D.Discussingworldtopicsinlowvoices.

分析：BCD三项都被偷梁换柱了,B(tea→coffee),C(Persian→English),D(loudly→low)

6.Dorothyneverranoutofreportsofexcitingactivitiesofherstudents.Herenthusiasmnevercooleddown.WhenitcametotimetositforthetestingandinterviewingrequiredtoreceiveherChildDevelopmentAssociateCertification,Dorothywasready.Shecametotheassessmentandpassedinallareas.Afterward,sheinvitedmetotheone-and-onlysteakhouseintheareatocelebratehervictory,asifshehadreceivedherPh.D.degree.Afterthemeal,sheplacedalittleboxcontaininganoldpeninmyhand.WhatcanweknowaboutDorothyfromthelastparagraph?(C)

A.Shewasinvitedtoacelebrationatarestaurant.B.Shegotapenasagiftfromtheauthor.

C.Shepassedtherequiredassessment.D.ShereceivedherPh.D.degree.

分析：AB两项主宾颠倒(主动→被动)，D项是偷换概念(asifreceive→receive)

备考策略：重点段落信息分解题中各个干扰项的设置都会与原文密切相关，要求学生能够有足够的耐心和细心去对照原文识别各种干扰技巧。

四、篇章结构分析题

7.Myfatherwaschiefengineerofamerchantship,whichwassunkinworldwarⅡ.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(C)

A.agroupofforgottenheroes.B.abookdescribingaterrifyingbattle.

C.ashipengineer’swartimeexperience.D.amerchant’smemoriesofasearescue.

分析：根据文章第一段可概括出答案。

8.PlanningavisittotheUK?Herewehelpwithwaystocutyourcosts.Themainpurposeofthepassageis_____D____.

A.totellvisitorshowtobookinadvanceB.tosupplyvisitorswithhotelinformation

C.toshowvisitorstheimportanceofself-helpD.tooffervisitorssomemoney-savingtips

分析：根据文章第一段可归纳出答案。

备考策略：重视从篇章结构的角度分析文章（重在文章首段和尾段），把握文章的篇章构成形式，并运用主题段和主题句的信息解题。

本文针对近几年湖南高考英语阅读理解题题型明确的特点，通过剖析单词、短语、长难句、句群、重点段落几个方面来总结英语答题技巧以及备考策略，非常有利于考生把握高考阅读理解题的考试方向和答题技巧。

(作者单位：湖南省岳阳县第一中学414100)