简介：Mesenchymalstromalcells(MSCs)areadultmultipotentstemcellsresidingaspericytesinvarioustissuesandorganswheretheycandifferentiateintospecializedcellstoreplacedyingcellsanddamagedtissues.Thesecellsarecommonlyfoundatinjurysitesandintumorsthatareknowntobehavelike'woundsthatdonotheal.'Inthisarticle,wediscussthemechanismsofMSCsinmigrating,homing,andrepairinginjuredtissues.WealsoreviewanumberofreportsshowingthattumormicroenvironmenttriggersplasticitymechanismsinMSCstoinducemalignantneoplastictissueformation,maintenance,andchemoresistance,aswellastumorgrowth.TheantitumorpropertiesandtherapeuticpotentialofMSCsarealsodiscussed.

简介：Masterdevelopmentalpathways,suchasNotch,Wnt,andHedgehog,aresignalingsystemsthatcontrolproliferation,celldeath,motility,migration,andstemness.Thesesystemsarenotonlycommonlyactivatedinmanysolidtumors,wheretheydriveorcontributetocancerinitiation,butalsoinprimaryandmetastatictumordevelopment.Thereactivationofdevelopmentalpathwaysincancerstromafavorsthedevelopmentofcancerstemcellsandallowstheirmaintenance,indicatingthesesignalingpathwaysasparticularlyattractivetargetsforefficientanticancertherapies,especiallyinadvancedprimarytumorsandmetastaticcancers.Metastasisistheworstfeatureofcancerdevelopment.Thisfeatureresultsfromacascadeofeventsemergingfromthehijackingofepithelial-mesenchymaltransition,angiogenesis,migration,andinvasionbytransformingcellsandisassociatedwithpoorsurvival,drugresistance,andtumorrelapse.Inthepresentreview,wesummarizeanddiscussexperimentaldatasuggestingpivotalrolesfordevelopmentalpathwaysincancerdevelopmentandmetastasis,consideringthetherapeuticpotential.EmergingtargetedantimetastatictherapiesbasedonNotch,Wnt,andHedgehogpathwaysarealsodiscussed.