简介:Agriculturalgreenhousegasaccountsforalargeproportionofglobalanthropogenicgreenhousegasemission.ThepapercarriedonacalculationongreenhousegasemissionofChinaagriculturalgreenhousegasemission,andanalyzedinfluencingfactorsofagriculturegreenhousegasemissionwhichhasimportantsignificanceforthedevelopmentofChineseandgloballowcarbonagriculture.ThispapercalculatedtheemissionofCH4,N2OandCO2inChinafromtheyearof1993to2011,andanalyzedtheinfluencefactors.TheresultsshowedthatCH4emissionwasbasicallystable,whichmaintainedat2000tons.AnimalhusbandryCH4emissionwasthelargestcontributorofagriculturalsourceCH4emission.Takingtheyearof2011asanexample,whichaccountedfor53.08%;N2Oemissionwasincreasedfrom93.21tonsof1993to120.51milliontonsof2011,andtheaverageannualgrowthratewas1.63%.PlantingwasthemaincontributortoN2Oemission.Takingtheyearof2011asanexample,whichaccountedfor54.36%ofthetotalemission,landN2Oemissionwasthemost,andthericefieldwasfollowed;agriculturalsourceCO2emissionincreasedfrom15626.98to31258.10milliontons,andtheaverageannualgrowthratewas5.56%;fertilizersourcewasthelargestsourceofcarbon,in2011,forexample,fertilizersourceofCO2emissionwas18731.83milliontonsaccountedfor59.93%oftheagriculturalsourceCO2emission.CH4andN2OemissionsofChinaAgricultureweremainlycausedbyanimalhusbandryandchemicalfertilizers.AndpesticidesweremajorcontributorstoCO2emissionofagriculture.Attheendofthispaper,basedontheresultsofcorrelationanalysis,thepaperproposedcountermeasuresandsuggestionsforChina’slowcarbonagriculture,anddemonstratedthesignificanceofgloballowcarbonagriculturedevelopment.
简介:ValuatingthefunctionofecosystemservicesiscrucialforaccountinggreenGDP,makingaconserva-tionpolicyofecologicalenvironmentandthedecisionofregionaldevelopmentaswellassustainabledevelopmentstrategy.Rice-duck-fishsymbiosishasbeenpromotedinseveraldevelopingcountriesasawayofincreasingincomesforricefarmers,butinvestigationsofitsvaluehavemainlyfocusedondirecteconomicbenefits,suchasfoodandrawmaterialproduction.Fewstudieshavebeenconductedontheestimationofindirectservicesprovidedbyrice-duck-fishcomplexecosystem.Thegasregulationserviceanditseconomicvaluesprovidedbyrice-duck-fishcomplexecosystemwerestudiedinWuhan,China.ThemajorcomponentsofgasregulationareO2emissionandgreenhousegases(GHGs,CO2)regulation.TheresultsshowthatO2emissionfromdifferenttreatments(includingrice-duck(RD),rice-fish(RF),rice-duck-fish(RDF)andrice(CK))rangedfrom26,370kg/hato33,910kg/haperyear,withaneco-nomicvalueof10,050-12,920yuan/haperyear(Chinesecurrency:1euro=10.2475yuan,August28,2007).ThenetGHGsexchangevariedfrom1,200to3,320kg/haperyear,anditseconomicvaluerangedfrom1,040yuan/hato2,900yuan/haperyear.Consequently,thetotaleconomicvalueofgasregulationprovidedbysymbiosiscomplexecosystemsrangedfrom11,090yuan/hato15,820yuan/haperyear,andthemaximumoveralleconomicvalueofgasregulationwasprovidedbyRDFcomplexecosystem.Theworkwillbeusefulforfurtherunderstandingofthefunc-tionsofrice-duck-fishcomplexecosystemservicesandsupplyingthetheoreticalreferencestoagriculturalpolicy.
简介:利用1961到2001年,41年欧洲中心再分析资料计算的热源,分析每10年热源最大值层高度距平的变化。利用EOF,分析6月份高原大气热源最大值层高度异常和高原大气热源最大值层的加热率值。最后对高原最大加热层高度异常年大气环流进行合成分析,了解高原热源厚度的异常变化与大气环流的关系。结果表明(1)从1961到2001年.41年中,60年代跟70年代高原上热源最大值层高度与多年平均相比偏高,在80年代到90年代,高原上热源最大值层高度较多年平均偏低。热源最大值层高度总体呈下降趋势。(2)对高原热源高度距平的EOF分析表明,高原中部热源最大值层高度与高原两侧热源最大值层高度显示出正负相反的形势,热源最大值层高度呈现出年代际的变化。(3)对热源最大值层加热率值的EOF分析表明,高原东部热源最大值层加热率值和高原西部热源最大值层加热率值显示出正负相反形势,热源最大值层加热率值也呈现出年代际的变化。
简介:摘要:董事会建设是健全公司治理的重要环节,特别是在国企改革三年行动圆满收关后,2024年是新一轮国企改革深化提升行动第二年。持续加强董事会建设是进一步提升财务公司公司治理水平核心工作。本文以某大型企业集团财务公司为研究对象,探讨了如何全面落实董事会的6类职权,真正发挥董事会在财务公司公司治理中最高决策机构的作用。从理论出发,结合实践经验,提出了具体的策略。